ip
ipku.in

IPv4 Subnet Calculator

Enter an IP with a CIDR prefix or a subnet mask to see its network, broadcast, host range, and host count. You can also split the network into smaller subnets.

$ ipcalc
private IP (RFC 1918)10.78.69.0/24
network10.78.69.0/24
broadcast10.78.69.255
first host10.78.69.1
last host10.78.69.254
subnet mask255.255.255.0
wildcard0.0.0.255
addresses256
usable hosts254
classA
ipcalc 10.78.69.0/24
address00001010.01001110.01000101.00000000
subnet mask11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
network00001010.01001110.01000101.00000000
broadcast00001010.01001110.01000101.11111111
green = network part, grey = host part
hex0x0a4e4500
decimal172901632
reverse dns0.69.78.10.in-addr.arpa
ipv4-mapped::ffff:a4e:4500

/24 split into /32 · 256 subnets

close ×
#networkhost rangebroadcast
110.78.69.0/3210.78.69.0 – 10.78.69.010.78.69.0
210.78.69.1/3210.78.69.1 – 10.78.69.110.78.69.1
310.78.69.2/3210.78.69.2 – 10.78.69.210.78.69.2
410.78.69.3/3210.78.69.3 – 10.78.69.310.78.69.3
510.78.69.4/3210.78.69.4 – 10.78.69.410.78.69.4
610.78.69.5/3210.78.69.5 – 10.78.69.510.78.69.5
710.78.69.6/3210.78.69.6 – 10.78.69.610.78.69.6
810.78.69.7/3210.78.69.7 – 10.78.69.710.78.69.7
910.78.69.8/3210.78.69.8 – 10.78.69.810.78.69.8
1010.78.69.9/3210.78.69.9 – 10.78.69.910.78.69.9
1110.78.69.10/3210.78.69.10 – 10.78.69.1010.78.69.10
1210.78.69.11/3210.78.69.11 – 10.78.69.1110.78.69.11
1310.78.69.12/3210.78.69.12 – 10.78.69.1210.78.69.12
1410.78.69.13/3210.78.69.13 – 10.78.69.1310.78.69.13
1510.78.69.14/3210.78.69.14 – 10.78.69.1410.78.69.14
1610.78.69.15/3210.78.69.15 – 10.78.69.1510.78.69.15
1710.78.69.16/3210.78.69.16 – 10.78.69.1610.78.69.16
1810.78.69.17/3210.78.69.17 – 10.78.69.1710.78.69.17
1910.78.69.18/3210.78.69.18 – 10.78.69.1810.78.69.18
2010.78.69.19/3210.78.69.19 – 10.78.69.1910.78.69.19
2110.78.69.20/3210.78.69.20 – 10.78.69.2010.78.69.20
2210.78.69.21/3210.78.69.21 – 10.78.69.2110.78.69.21
2310.78.69.22/3210.78.69.22 – 10.78.69.2210.78.69.22
2410.78.69.23/3210.78.69.23 – 10.78.69.2310.78.69.23
2510.78.69.24/3210.78.69.24 – 10.78.69.2410.78.69.24
2610.78.69.25/3210.78.69.25 – 10.78.69.2510.78.69.25
2710.78.69.26/3210.78.69.26 – 10.78.69.2610.78.69.26
2810.78.69.27/3210.78.69.27 – 10.78.69.2710.78.69.27
2910.78.69.28/3210.78.69.28 – 10.78.69.2810.78.69.28
3010.78.69.29/3210.78.69.29 – 10.78.69.2910.78.69.29
3110.78.69.30/3210.78.69.30 – 10.78.69.3010.78.69.30
3210.78.69.31/3210.78.69.31 – 10.78.69.3110.78.69.31
3310.78.69.32/3210.78.69.32 – 10.78.69.3210.78.69.32
3410.78.69.33/3210.78.69.33 – 10.78.69.3310.78.69.33
3510.78.69.34/3210.78.69.34 – 10.78.69.3410.78.69.34
3610.78.69.35/3210.78.69.35 – 10.78.69.3510.78.69.35
3710.78.69.36/3210.78.69.36 – 10.78.69.3610.78.69.36
3810.78.69.37/3210.78.69.37 – 10.78.69.3710.78.69.37
3910.78.69.38/3210.78.69.38 – 10.78.69.3810.78.69.38
4010.78.69.39/3210.78.69.39 – 10.78.69.3910.78.69.39
4110.78.69.40/3210.78.69.40 – 10.78.69.4010.78.69.40
4210.78.69.41/3210.78.69.41 – 10.78.69.4110.78.69.41
4310.78.69.42/3210.78.69.42 – 10.78.69.4210.78.69.42
4410.78.69.43/3210.78.69.43 – 10.78.69.4310.78.69.43
4510.78.69.44/3210.78.69.44 – 10.78.69.4410.78.69.44
4610.78.69.45/3210.78.69.45 – 10.78.69.4510.78.69.45
4710.78.69.46/3210.78.69.46 – 10.78.69.4610.78.69.46
4810.78.69.47/3210.78.69.47 – 10.78.69.4710.78.69.47
4910.78.69.48/3210.78.69.48 – 10.78.69.4810.78.69.48
5010.78.69.49/3210.78.69.49 – 10.78.69.4910.78.69.49
5110.78.69.50/3210.78.69.50 – 10.78.69.5010.78.69.50
5210.78.69.51/3210.78.69.51 – 10.78.69.5110.78.69.51
5310.78.69.52/3210.78.69.52 – 10.78.69.5210.78.69.52
5410.78.69.53/3210.78.69.53 – 10.78.69.5310.78.69.53
5510.78.69.54/3210.78.69.54 – 10.78.69.5410.78.69.54
5610.78.69.55/3210.78.69.55 – 10.78.69.5510.78.69.55
5710.78.69.56/3210.78.69.56 – 10.78.69.5610.78.69.56
5810.78.69.57/3210.78.69.57 – 10.78.69.5710.78.69.57
5910.78.69.58/3210.78.69.58 – 10.78.69.5810.78.69.58
6010.78.69.59/3210.78.69.59 – 10.78.69.5910.78.69.59
6110.78.69.60/3210.78.69.60 – 10.78.69.6010.78.69.60
6210.78.69.61/3210.78.69.61 – 10.78.69.6110.78.69.61
6310.78.69.62/3210.78.69.62 – 10.78.69.6210.78.69.62
6410.78.69.63/3210.78.69.63 – 10.78.69.6310.78.69.63
6510.78.69.64/3210.78.69.64 – 10.78.69.6410.78.69.64
6610.78.69.65/3210.78.69.65 – 10.78.69.6510.78.69.65
6710.78.69.66/3210.78.69.66 – 10.78.69.6610.78.69.66
6810.78.69.67/3210.78.69.67 – 10.78.69.6710.78.69.67
6910.78.69.68/3210.78.69.68 – 10.78.69.6810.78.69.68
7010.78.69.69/3210.78.69.69 – 10.78.69.6910.78.69.69
7110.78.69.70/3210.78.69.70 – 10.78.69.7010.78.69.70
7210.78.69.71/3210.78.69.71 – 10.78.69.7110.78.69.71
7310.78.69.72/3210.78.69.72 – 10.78.69.7210.78.69.72
7410.78.69.73/3210.78.69.73 – 10.78.69.7310.78.69.73
7510.78.69.74/3210.78.69.74 – 10.78.69.7410.78.69.74
7610.78.69.75/3210.78.69.75 – 10.78.69.7510.78.69.75
7710.78.69.76/3210.78.69.76 – 10.78.69.7610.78.69.76
7810.78.69.77/3210.78.69.77 – 10.78.69.7710.78.69.77
7910.78.69.78/3210.78.69.78 – 10.78.69.7810.78.69.78
8010.78.69.79/3210.78.69.79 – 10.78.69.7910.78.69.79
8110.78.69.80/3210.78.69.80 – 10.78.69.8010.78.69.80
8210.78.69.81/3210.78.69.81 – 10.78.69.8110.78.69.81
8310.78.69.82/3210.78.69.82 – 10.78.69.8210.78.69.82
8410.78.69.83/3210.78.69.83 – 10.78.69.8310.78.69.83
8510.78.69.84/3210.78.69.84 – 10.78.69.8410.78.69.84
8610.78.69.85/3210.78.69.85 – 10.78.69.8510.78.69.85
8710.78.69.86/3210.78.69.86 – 10.78.69.8610.78.69.86
8810.78.69.87/3210.78.69.87 – 10.78.69.8710.78.69.87
8910.78.69.88/3210.78.69.88 – 10.78.69.8810.78.69.88
9010.78.69.89/3210.78.69.89 – 10.78.69.8910.78.69.89
9110.78.69.90/3210.78.69.90 – 10.78.69.9010.78.69.90
9210.78.69.91/3210.78.69.91 – 10.78.69.9110.78.69.91
9310.78.69.92/3210.78.69.92 – 10.78.69.9210.78.69.92
9410.78.69.93/3210.78.69.93 – 10.78.69.9310.78.69.93
9510.78.69.94/3210.78.69.94 – 10.78.69.9410.78.69.94
9610.78.69.95/3210.78.69.95 – 10.78.69.9510.78.69.95
9710.78.69.96/3210.78.69.96 – 10.78.69.9610.78.69.96
9810.78.69.97/3210.78.69.97 – 10.78.69.9710.78.69.97
9910.78.69.98/3210.78.69.98 – 10.78.69.9810.78.69.98
10010.78.69.99/3210.78.69.99 – 10.78.69.9910.78.69.99
10110.78.69.100/3210.78.69.100 – 10.78.69.10010.78.69.100
10210.78.69.101/3210.78.69.101 – 10.78.69.10110.78.69.101
10310.78.69.102/3210.78.69.102 – 10.78.69.10210.78.69.102
10410.78.69.103/3210.78.69.103 – 10.78.69.10310.78.69.103
10510.78.69.104/3210.78.69.104 – 10.78.69.10410.78.69.104
10610.78.69.105/3210.78.69.105 – 10.78.69.10510.78.69.105
10710.78.69.106/3210.78.69.106 – 10.78.69.10610.78.69.106
10810.78.69.107/3210.78.69.107 – 10.78.69.10710.78.69.107
10910.78.69.108/3210.78.69.108 – 10.78.69.10810.78.69.108
11010.78.69.109/3210.78.69.109 – 10.78.69.10910.78.69.109
11110.78.69.110/3210.78.69.110 – 10.78.69.11010.78.69.110
11210.78.69.111/3210.78.69.111 – 10.78.69.11110.78.69.111
11310.78.69.112/3210.78.69.112 – 10.78.69.11210.78.69.112
11410.78.69.113/3210.78.69.113 – 10.78.69.11310.78.69.113
11510.78.69.114/3210.78.69.114 – 10.78.69.11410.78.69.114
11610.78.69.115/3210.78.69.115 – 10.78.69.11510.78.69.115
11710.78.69.116/3210.78.69.116 – 10.78.69.11610.78.69.116
11810.78.69.117/3210.78.69.117 – 10.78.69.11710.78.69.117
11910.78.69.118/3210.78.69.118 – 10.78.69.11810.78.69.118
12010.78.69.119/3210.78.69.119 – 10.78.69.11910.78.69.119
12110.78.69.120/3210.78.69.120 – 10.78.69.12010.78.69.120
12210.78.69.121/3210.78.69.121 – 10.78.69.12110.78.69.121
12310.78.69.122/3210.78.69.122 – 10.78.69.12210.78.69.122
12410.78.69.123/3210.78.69.123 – 10.78.69.12310.78.69.123
12510.78.69.124/3210.78.69.124 – 10.78.69.12410.78.69.124
12610.78.69.125/3210.78.69.125 – 10.78.69.12510.78.69.125
12710.78.69.126/3210.78.69.126 – 10.78.69.12610.78.69.126
12810.78.69.127/3210.78.69.127 – 10.78.69.12710.78.69.127
12910.78.69.128/3210.78.69.128 – 10.78.69.12810.78.69.128
13010.78.69.129/3210.78.69.129 – 10.78.69.12910.78.69.129
13110.78.69.130/3210.78.69.130 – 10.78.69.13010.78.69.130
13210.78.69.131/3210.78.69.131 – 10.78.69.13110.78.69.131
13310.78.69.132/3210.78.69.132 – 10.78.69.13210.78.69.132
13410.78.69.133/3210.78.69.133 – 10.78.69.13310.78.69.133
13510.78.69.134/3210.78.69.134 – 10.78.69.13410.78.69.134
13610.78.69.135/3210.78.69.135 – 10.78.69.13510.78.69.135
13710.78.69.136/3210.78.69.136 – 10.78.69.13610.78.69.136
13810.78.69.137/3210.78.69.137 – 10.78.69.13710.78.69.137
13910.78.69.138/3210.78.69.138 – 10.78.69.13810.78.69.138
14010.78.69.139/3210.78.69.139 – 10.78.69.13910.78.69.139
14110.78.69.140/3210.78.69.140 – 10.78.69.14010.78.69.140
14210.78.69.141/3210.78.69.141 – 10.78.69.14110.78.69.141
14310.78.69.142/3210.78.69.142 – 10.78.69.14210.78.69.142
14410.78.69.143/3210.78.69.143 – 10.78.69.14310.78.69.143
14510.78.69.144/3210.78.69.144 – 10.78.69.14410.78.69.144
14610.78.69.145/3210.78.69.145 – 10.78.69.14510.78.69.145
14710.78.69.146/3210.78.69.146 – 10.78.69.14610.78.69.146
14810.78.69.147/3210.78.69.147 – 10.78.69.14710.78.69.147
14910.78.69.148/3210.78.69.148 – 10.78.69.14810.78.69.148
15010.78.69.149/3210.78.69.149 – 10.78.69.14910.78.69.149
15110.78.69.150/3210.78.69.150 – 10.78.69.15010.78.69.150
15210.78.69.151/3210.78.69.151 – 10.78.69.15110.78.69.151
15310.78.69.152/3210.78.69.152 – 10.78.69.15210.78.69.152
15410.78.69.153/3210.78.69.153 – 10.78.69.15310.78.69.153
15510.78.69.154/3210.78.69.154 – 10.78.69.15410.78.69.154
15610.78.69.155/3210.78.69.155 – 10.78.69.15510.78.69.155
15710.78.69.156/3210.78.69.156 – 10.78.69.15610.78.69.156
15810.78.69.157/3210.78.69.157 – 10.78.69.15710.78.69.157
15910.78.69.158/3210.78.69.158 – 10.78.69.15810.78.69.158
16010.78.69.159/3210.78.69.159 – 10.78.69.15910.78.69.159
16110.78.69.160/3210.78.69.160 – 10.78.69.16010.78.69.160
16210.78.69.161/3210.78.69.161 – 10.78.69.16110.78.69.161
16310.78.69.162/3210.78.69.162 – 10.78.69.16210.78.69.162
16410.78.69.163/3210.78.69.163 – 10.78.69.16310.78.69.163
16510.78.69.164/3210.78.69.164 – 10.78.69.16410.78.69.164
16610.78.69.165/3210.78.69.165 – 10.78.69.16510.78.69.165
16710.78.69.166/3210.78.69.166 – 10.78.69.16610.78.69.166
16810.78.69.167/3210.78.69.167 – 10.78.69.16710.78.69.167
16910.78.69.168/3210.78.69.168 – 10.78.69.16810.78.69.168
17010.78.69.169/3210.78.69.169 – 10.78.69.16910.78.69.169
17110.78.69.170/3210.78.69.170 – 10.78.69.17010.78.69.170
17210.78.69.171/3210.78.69.171 – 10.78.69.17110.78.69.171
17310.78.69.172/3210.78.69.172 – 10.78.69.17210.78.69.172
17410.78.69.173/3210.78.69.173 – 10.78.69.17310.78.69.173
17510.78.69.174/3210.78.69.174 – 10.78.69.17410.78.69.174
17610.78.69.175/3210.78.69.175 – 10.78.69.17510.78.69.175
17710.78.69.176/3210.78.69.176 – 10.78.69.17610.78.69.176
17810.78.69.177/3210.78.69.177 – 10.78.69.17710.78.69.177
17910.78.69.178/3210.78.69.178 – 10.78.69.17810.78.69.178
18010.78.69.179/3210.78.69.179 – 10.78.69.17910.78.69.179
18110.78.69.180/3210.78.69.180 – 10.78.69.18010.78.69.180
18210.78.69.181/3210.78.69.181 – 10.78.69.18110.78.69.181
18310.78.69.182/3210.78.69.182 – 10.78.69.18210.78.69.182
18410.78.69.183/3210.78.69.183 – 10.78.69.18310.78.69.183
18510.78.69.184/3210.78.69.184 – 10.78.69.18410.78.69.184
18610.78.69.185/3210.78.69.185 – 10.78.69.18510.78.69.185
18710.78.69.186/3210.78.69.186 – 10.78.69.18610.78.69.186
18810.78.69.187/3210.78.69.187 – 10.78.69.18710.78.69.187
18910.78.69.188/3210.78.69.188 – 10.78.69.18810.78.69.188
19010.78.69.189/3210.78.69.189 – 10.78.69.18910.78.69.189
19110.78.69.190/3210.78.69.190 – 10.78.69.19010.78.69.190
19210.78.69.191/3210.78.69.191 – 10.78.69.19110.78.69.191
19310.78.69.192/3210.78.69.192 – 10.78.69.19210.78.69.192
19410.78.69.193/3210.78.69.193 – 10.78.69.19310.78.69.193
19510.78.69.194/3210.78.69.194 – 10.78.69.19410.78.69.194
19610.78.69.195/3210.78.69.195 – 10.78.69.19510.78.69.195
19710.78.69.196/3210.78.69.196 – 10.78.69.19610.78.69.196
19810.78.69.197/3210.78.69.197 – 10.78.69.19710.78.69.197
19910.78.69.198/3210.78.69.198 – 10.78.69.19810.78.69.198
20010.78.69.199/3210.78.69.199 – 10.78.69.19910.78.69.199
20110.78.69.200/3210.78.69.200 – 10.78.69.20010.78.69.200
20210.78.69.201/3210.78.69.201 – 10.78.69.20110.78.69.201
20310.78.69.202/3210.78.69.202 – 10.78.69.20210.78.69.202
20410.78.69.203/3210.78.69.203 – 10.78.69.20310.78.69.203
20510.78.69.204/3210.78.69.204 – 10.78.69.20410.78.69.204
20610.78.69.205/3210.78.69.205 – 10.78.69.20510.78.69.205
20710.78.69.206/3210.78.69.206 – 10.78.69.20610.78.69.206
20810.78.69.207/3210.78.69.207 – 10.78.69.20710.78.69.207
20910.78.69.208/3210.78.69.208 – 10.78.69.20810.78.69.208
21010.78.69.209/3210.78.69.209 – 10.78.69.20910.78.69.209
21110.78.69.210/3210.78.69.210 – 10.78.69.21010.78.69.210
21210.78.69.211/3210.78.69.211 – 10.78.69.21110.78.69.211
21310.78.69.212/3210.78.69.212 – 10.78.69.21210.78.69.212
21410.78.69.213/3210.78.69.213 – 10.78.69.21310.78.69.213
21510.78.69.214/3210.78.69.214 – 10.78.69.21410.78.69.214
21610.78.69.215/3210.78.69.215 – 10.78.69.21510.78.69.215
21710.78.69.216/3210.78.69.216 – 10.78.69.21610.78.69.216
21810.78.69.217/3210.78.69.217 – 10.78.69.21710.78.69.217
21910.78.69.218/3210.78.69.218 – 10.78.69.21810.78.69.218
22010.78.69.219/3210.78.69.219 – 10.78.69.21910.78.69.219
22110.78.69.220/3210.78.69.220 – 10.78.69.22010.78.69.220
22210.78.69.221/3210.78.69.221 – 10.78.69.22110.78.69.221
22310.78.69.222/3210.78.69.222 – 10.78.69.22210.78.69.222
22410.78.69.223/3210.78.69.223 – 10.78.69.22310.78.69.223
22510.78.69.224/3210.78.69.224 – 10.78.69.22410.78.69.224
22610.78.69.225/3210.78.69.225 – 10.78.69.22510.78.69.225
22710.78.69.226/3210.78.69.226 – 10.78.69.22610.78.69.226
22810.78.69.227/3210.78.69.227 – 10.78.69.22710.78.69.227
22910.78.69.228/3210.78.69.228 – 10.78.69.22810.78.69.228
23010.78.69.229/3210.78.69.229 – 10.78.69.22910.78.69.229
23110.78.69.230/3210.78.69.230 – 10.78.69.23010.78.69.230
23210.78.69.231/3210.78.69.231 – 10.78.69.23110.78.69.231
23310.78.69.232/3210.78.69.232 – 10.78.69.23210.78.69.232
23410.78.69.233/3210.78.69.233 – 10.78.69.23310.78.69.233
23510.78.69.234/3210.78.69.234 – 10.78.69.23410.78.69.234
23610.78.69.235/3210.78.69.235 – 10.78.69.23510.78.69.235
23710.78.69.236/3210.78.69.236 – 10.78.69.23610.78.69.236
23810.78.69.237/3210.78.69.237 – 10.78.69.23710.78.69.237
23910.78.69.238/3210.78.69.238 – 10.78.69.23810.78.69.238
24010.78.69.239/3210.78.69.239 – 10.78.69.23910.78.69.239
24110.78.69.240/3210.78.69.240 – 10.78.69.24010.78.69.240
24210.78.69.241/3210.78.69.241 – 10.78.69.24110.78.69.241
24310.78.69.242/3210.78.69.242 – 10.78.69.24210.78.69.242
24410.78.69.243/3210.78.69.243 – 10.78.69.24310.78.69.243
24510.78.69.244/3210.78.69.244 – 10.78.69.24410.78.69.244
24610.78.69.245/3210.78.69.245 – 10.78.69.24510.78.69.245
24710.78.69.246/3210.78.69.246 – 10.78.69.24610.78.69.246
24810.78.69.247/3210.78.69.247 – 10.78.69.24710.78.69.247
24910.78.69.248/3210.78.69.248 – 10.78.69.24810.78.69.248
25010.78.69.249/3210.78.69.249 – 10.78.69.24910.78.69.249
25110.78.69.250/3210.78.69.250 – 10.78.69.25010.78.69.250
25210.78.69.251/3210.78.69.251 – 10.78.69.25110.78.69.251
25310.78.69.252/3210.78.69.252 – 10.78.69.25210.78.69.252
25410.78.69.253/3210.78.69.253 – 10.78.69.25310.78.69.253
25510.78.69.254/3210.78.69.254 – 10.78.69.25410.78.69.254
25610.78.69.255/3210.78.69.255 – 10.78.69.25510.78.69.255
01 / table

IPv4 CIDR prefix table.

Click a prefix longer than your network to split it into subnets.

prefixsubnet maskaddresseshostsin your /24
/00.0.0.04,294,967,2964,294,967,294-
/1128.0.0.02,147,483,6482,147,483,646-
/2192.0.0.01,073,741,8241,073,741,822-
/3224.0.0.0536,870,912536,870,910-
/4240.0.0.0268,435,456268,435,454-
/5248.0.0.0134,217,728134,217,726-
/6252.0.0.067,108,86467,108,862-
/7254.0.0.033,554,43233,554,430-
/8255.0.0.016,777,21616,777,214-
/9255.128.0.08,388,6088,388,606-
/10255.192.0.04,194,3044,194,302-
/11255.224.0.02,097,1522,097,150-
/12255.240.0.01,048,5761,048,574-
/13255.248.0.0524,288524,286-
/14255.252.0.0262,144262,142-
/15255.254.0.0131,072131,070-
/16255.255.0.065,53665,534-
/17255.255.128.032,76832,766-
/18255.255.192.016,38416,382-
/19255.255.224.08,1928,190-
/20255.255.240.04,0964,094-
/21255.255.248.02,0482,046-
/22255.255.252.01,0241,022-
/23255.255.254.0512510-
/24255.255.255.02562541
/25255.255.255.1281281262 split →
/26255.255.255.19264624 split →
/27255.255.255.22432308 split →
/28255.255.255.240161416 split →
/29255.255.255.2488632 split →
/30255.255.255.2524264 split →
/31255.255.255.25422128 split →
/32255.255.255.25511256 split →
02 / faq

About this calculator.

How do I use this subnet calculator?

▼

Type an IP address followed by a prefix, like 192.168.1.10/24, or by a subnet mask, like 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0. Without a prefix it uses /24. Click a row in the table to split the network into smaller subnets.

Why are usable hosts always 2 fewer?

▼

The first address in a subnet is the network address and the last is the broadcast address, so neither can go to a device. The exceptions are /31 (point-to-point links, RFC 3021) and /32 (a single address), which use every address.

Can I use it from a terminal?

▼

Yes. curl 'ipku.in/en/tools/ipv4-subnet-calculator?q=192.168.1.10/24' returns the result as plain text.

Learn how to work it out →