ip
ipku.in

IPv4 Subnet Calculator

Enter an IP with a CIDR prefix or a subnet mask to see its network, broadcast, host range, and host count. You can also split the network into smaller subnets.

$ ipcalc
private IP (RFC 1918)10.78.178.0/24
network10.78.178.0/24
broadcast10.78.178.255
first host10.78.178.1
last host10.78.178.254
subnet mask255.255.255.0
wildcard0.0.0.255
addresses256
usable hosts254
classA
ipcalc 10.78.178.0/24
address00001010.01001110.10110010.00000000
subnet mask11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
network00001010.01001110.10110010.00000000
broadcast00001010.01001110.10110010.11111111
green = network part, grey = host part
hex0x0a4eb200
decimal172929536
reverse dns0.178.78.10.in-addr.arpa
ipv4-mapped::ffff:a4e:b200

/24 split into /32 · 256 subnets

close ×
#networkhost rangebroadcast
110.78.178.0/3210.78.178.0 – 10.78.178.010.78.178.0
210.78.178.1/3210.78.178.1 – 10.78.178.110.78.178.1
310.78.178.2/3210.78.178.2 – 10.78.178.210.78.178.2
410.78.178.3/3210.78.178.3 – 10.78.178.310.78.178.3
510.78.178.4/3210.78.178.4 – 10.78.178.410.78.178.4
610.78.178.5/3210.78.178.5 – 10.78.178.510.78.178.5
710.78.178.6/3210.78.178.6 – 10.78.178.610.78.178.6
810.78.178.7/3210.78.178.7 – 10.78.178.710.78.178.7
910.78.178.8/3210.78.178.8 – 10.78.178.810.78.178.8
1010.78.178.9/3210.78.178.9 – 10.78.178.910.78.178.9
1110.78.178.10/3210.78.178.10 – 10.78.178.1010.78.178.10
1210.78.178.11/3210.78.178.11 – 10.78.178.1110.78.178.11
1310.78.178.12/3210.78.178.12 – 10.78.178.1210.78.178.12
1410.78.178.13/3210.78.178.13 – 10.78.178.1310.78.178.13
1510.78.178.14/3210.78.178.14 – 10.78.178.1410.78.178.14
1610.78.178.15/3210.78.178.15 – 10.78.178.1510.78.178.15
1710.78.178.16/3210.78.178.16 – 10.78.178.1610.78.178.16
1810.78.178.17/3210.78.178.17 – 10.78.178.1710.78.178.17
1910.78.178.18/3210.78.178.18 – 10.78.178.1810.78.178.18
2010.78.178.19/3210.78.178.19 – 10.78.178.1910.78.178.19
2110.78.178.20/3210.78.178.20 – 10.78.178.2010.78.178.20
2210.78.178.21/3210.78.178.21 – 10.78.178.2110.78.178.21
2310.78.178.22/3210.78.178.22 – 10.78.178.2210.78.178.22
2410.78.178.23/3210.78.178.23 – 10.78.178.2310.78.178.23
2510.78.178.24/3210.78.178.24 – 10.78.178.2410.78.178.24
2610.78.178.25/3210.78.178.25 – 10.78.178.2510.78.178.25
2710.78.178.26/3210.78.178.26 – 10.78.178.2610.78.178.26
2810.78.178.27/3210.78.178.27 – 10.78.178.2710.78.178.27
2910.78.178.28/3210.78.178.28 – 10.78.178.2810.78.178.28
3010.78.178.29/3210.78.178.29 – 10.78.178.2910.78.178.29
3110.78.178.30/3210.78.178.30 – 10.78.178.3010.78.178.30
3210.78.178.31/3210.78.178.31 – 10.78.178.3110.78.178.31
3310.78.178.32/3210.78.178.32 – 10.78.178.3210.78.178.32
3410.78.178.33/3210.78.178.33 – 10.78.178.3310.78.178.33
3510.78.178.34/3210.78.178.34 – 10.78.178.3410.78.178.34
3610.78.178.35/3210.78.178.35 – 10.78.178.3510.78.178.35
3710.78.178.36/3210.78.178.36 – 10.78.178.3610.78.178.36
3810.78.178.37/3210.78.178.37 – 10.78.178.3710.78.178.37
3910.78.178.38/3210.78.178.38 – 10.78.178.3810.78.178.38
4010.78.178.39/3210.78.178.39 – 10.78.178.3910.78.178.39
4110.78.178.40/3210.78.178.40 – 10.78.178.4010.78.178.40
4210.78.178.41/3210.78.178.41 – 10.78.178.4110.78.178.41
4310.78.178.42/3210.78.178.42 – 10.78.178.4210.78.178.42
4410.78.178.43/3210.78.178.43 – 10.78.178.4310.78.178.43
4510.78.178.44/3210.78.178.44 – 10.78.178.4410.78.178.44
4610.78.178.45/3210.78.178.45 – 10.78.178.4510.78.178.45
4710.78.178.46/3210.78.178.46 – 10.78.178.4610.78.178.46
4810.78.178.47/3210.78.178.47 – 10.78.178.4710.78.178.47
4910.78.178.48/3210.78.178.48 – 10.78.178.4810.78.178.48
5010.78.178.49/3210.78.178.49 – 10.78.178.4910.78.178.49
5110.78.178.50/3210.78.178.50 – 10.78.178.5010.78.178.50
5210.78.178.51/3210.78.178.51 – 10.78.178.5110.78.178.51
5310.78.178.52/3210.78.178.52 – 10.78.178.5210.78.178.52
5410.78.178.53/3210.78.178.53 – 10.78.178.5310.78.178.53
5510.78.178.54/3210.78.178.54 – 10.78.178.5410.78.178.54
5610.78.178.55/3210.78.178.55 – 10.78.178.5510.78.178.55
5710.78.178.56/3210.78.178.56 – 10.78.178.5610.78.178.56
5810.78.178.57/3210.78.178.57 – 10.78.178.5710.78.178.57
5910.78.178.58/3210.78.178.58 – 10.78.178.5810.78.178.58
6010.78.178.59/3210.78.178.59 – 10.78.178.5910.78.178.59
6110.78.178.60/3210.78.178.60 – 10.78.178.6010.78.178.60
6210.78.178.61/3210.78.178.61 – 10.78.178.6110.78.178.61
6310.78.178.62/3210.78.178.62 – 10.78.178.6210.78.178.62
6410.78.178.63/3210.78.178.63 – 10.78.178.6310.78.178.63
6510.78.178.64/3210.78.178.64 – 10.78.178.6410.78.178.64
6610.78.178.65/3210.78.178.65 – 10.78.178.6510.78.178.65
6710.78.178.66/3210.78.178.66 – 10.78.178.6610.78.178.66
6810.78.178.67/3210.78.178.67 – 10.78.178.6710.78.178.67
6910.78.178.68/3210.78.178.68 – 10.78.178.6810.78.178.68
7010.78.178.69/3210.78.178.69 – 10.78.178.6910.78.178.69
7110.78.178.70/3210.78.178.70 – 10.78.178.7010.78.178.70
7210.78.178.71/3210.78.178.71 – 10.78.178.7110.78.178.71
7310.78.178.72/3210.78.178.72 – 10.78.178.7210.78.178.72
7410.78.178.73/3210.78.178.73 – 10.78.178.7310.78.178.73
7510.78.178.74/3210.78.178.74 – 10.78.178.7410.78.178.74
7610.78.178.75/3210.78.178.75 – 10.78.178.7510.78.178.75
7710.78.178.76/3210.78.178.76 – 10.78.178.7610.78.178.76
7810.78.178.77/3210.78.178.77 – 10.78.178.7710.78.178.77
7910.78.178.78/3210.78.178.78 – 10.78.178.7810.78.178.78
8010.78.178.79/3210.78.178.79 – 10.78.178.7910.78.178.79
8110.78.178.80/3210.78.178.80 – 10.78.178.8010.78.178.80
8210.78.178.81/3210.78.178.81 – 10.78.178.8110.78.178.81
8310.78.178.82/3210.78.178.82 – 10.78.178.8210.78.178.82
8410.78.178.83/3210.78.178.83 – 10.78.178.8310.78.178.83
8510.78.178.84/3210.78.178.84 – 10.78.178.8410.78.178.84
8610.78.178.85/3210.78.178.85 – 10.78.178.8510.78.178.85
8710.78.178.86/3210.78.178.86 – 10.78.178.8610.78.178.86
8810.78.178.87/3210.78.178.87 – 10.78.178.8710.78.178.87
8910.78.178.88/3210.78.178.88 – 10.78.178.8810.78.178.88
9010.78.178.89/3210.78.178.89 – 10.78.178.8910.78.178.89
9110.78.178.90/3210.78.178.90 – 10.78.178.9010.78.178.90
9210.78.178.91/3210.78.178.91 – 10.78.178.9110.78.178.91
9310.78.178.92/3210.78.178.92 – 10.78.178.9210.78.178.92
9410.78.178.93/3210.78.178.93 – 10.78.178.9310.78.178.93
9510.78.178.94/3210.78.178.94 – 10.78.178.9410.78.178.94
9610.78.178.95/3210.78.178.95 – 10.78.178.9510.78.178.95
9710.78.178.96/3210.78.178.96 – 10.78.178.9610.78.178.96
9810.78.178.97/3210.78.178.97 – 10.78.178.9710.78.178.97
9910.78.178.98/3210.78.178.98 – 10.78.178.9810.78.178.98
10010.78.178.99/3210.78.178.99 – 10.78.178.9910.78.178.99
10110.78.178.100/3210.78.178.100 – 10.78.178.10010.78.178.100
10210.78.178.101/3210.78.178.101 – 10.78.178.10110.78.178.101
10310.78.178.102/3210.78.178.102 – 10.78.178.10210.78.178.102
10410.78.178.103/3210.78.178.103 – 10.78.178.10310.78.178.103
10510.78.178.104/3210.78.178.104 – 10.78.178.10410.78.178.104
10610.78.178.105/3210.78.178.105 – 10.78.178.10510.78.178.105
10710.78.178.106/3210.78.178.106 – 10.78.178.10610.78.178.106
10810.78.178.107/3210.78.178.107 – 10.78.178.10710.78.178.107
10910.78.178.108/3210.78.178.108 – 10.78.178.10810.78.178.108
11010.78.178.109/3210.78.178.109 – 10.78.178.10910.78.178.109
11110.78.178.110/3210.78.178.110 – 10.78.178.11010.78.178.110
11210.78.178.111/3210.78.178.111 – 10.78.178.11110.78.178.111
11310.78.178.112/3210.78.178.112 – 10.78.178.11210.78.178.112
11410.78.178.113/3210.78.178.113 – 10.78.178.11310.78.178.113
11510.78.178.114/3210.78.178.114 – 10.78.178.11410.78.178.114
11610.78.178.115/3210.78.178.115 – 10.78.178.11510.78.178.115
11710.78.178.116/3210.78.178.116 – 10.78.178.11610.78.178.116
11810.78.178.117/3210.78.178.117 – 10.78.178.11710.78.178.117
11910.78.178.118/3210.78.178.118 – 10.78.178.11810.78.178.118
12010.78.178.119/3210.78.178.119 – 10.78.178.11910.78.178.119
12110.78.178.120/3210.78.178.120 – 10.78.178.12010.78.178.120
12210.78.178.121/3210.78.178.121 – 10.78.178.12110.78.178.121
12310.78.178.122/3210.78.178.122 – 10.78.178.12210.78.178.122
12410.78.178.123/3210.78.178.123 – 10.78.178.12310.78.178.123
12510.78.178.124/3210.78.178.124 – 10.78.178.12410.78.178.124
12610.78.178.125/3210.78.178.125 – 10.78.178.12510.78.178.125
12710.78.178.126/3210.78.178.126 – 10.78.178.12610.78.178.126
12810.78.178.127/3210.78.178.127 – 10.78.178.12710.78.178.127
12910.78.178.128/3210.78.178.128 – 10.78.178.12810.78.178.128
13010.78.178.129/3210.78.178.129 – 10.78.178.12910.78.178.129
13110.78.178.130/3210.78.178.130 – 10.78.178.13010.78.178.130
13210.78.178.131/3210.78.178.131 – 10.78.178.13110.78.178.131
13310.78.178.132/3210.78.178.132 – 10.78.178.13210.78.178.132
13410.78.178.133/3210.78.178.133 – 10.78.178.13310.78.178.133
13510.78.178.134/3210.78.178.134 – 10.78.178.13410.78.178.134
13610.78.178.135/3210.78.178.135 – 10.78.178.13510.78.178.135
13710.78.178.136/3210.78.178.136 – 10.78.178.13610.78.178.136
13810.78.178.137/3210.78.178.137 – 10.78.178.13710.78.178.137
13910.78.178.138/3210.78.178.138 – 10.78.178.13810.78.178.138
14010.78.178.139/3210.78.178.139 – 10.78.178.13910.78.178.139
14110.78.178.140/3210.78.178.140 – 10.78.178.14010.78.178.140
14210.78.178.141/3210.78.178.141 – 10.78.178.14110.78.178.141
14310.78.178.142/3210.78.178.142 – 10.78.178.14210.78.178.142
14410.78.178.143/3210.78.178.143 – 10.78.178.14310.78.178.143
14510.78.178.144/3210.78.178.144 – 10.78.178.14410.78.178.144
14610.78.178.145/3210.78.178.145 – 10.78.178.14510.78.178.145
14710.78.178.146/3210.78.178.146 – 10.78.178.14610.78.178.146
14810.78.178.147/3210.78.178.147 – 10.78.178.14710.78.178.147
14910.78.178.148/3210.78.178.148 – 10.78.178.14810.78.178.148
15010.78.178.149/3210.78.178.149 – 10.78.178.14910.78.178.149
15110.78.178.150/3210.78.178.150 – 10.78.178.15010.78.178.150
15210.78.178.151/3210.78.178.151 – 10.78.178.15110.78.178.151
15310.78.178.152/3210.78.178.152 – 10.78.178.15210.78.178.152
15410.78.178.153/3210.78.178.153 – 10.78.178.15310.78.178.153
15510.78.178.154/3210.78.178.154 – 10.78.178.15410.78.178.154
15610.78.178.155/3210.78.178.155 – 10.78.178.15510.78.178.155
15710.78.178.156/3210.78.178.156 – 10.78.178.15610.78.178.156
15810.78.178.157/3210.78.178.157 – 10.78.178.15710.78.178.157
15910.78.178.158/3210.78.178.158 – 10.78.178.15810.78.178.158
16010.78.178.159/3210.78.178.159 – 10.78.178.15910.78.178.159
16110.78.178.160/3210.78.178.160 – 10.78.178.16010.78.178.160
16210.78.178.161/3210.78.178.161 – 10.78.178.16110.78.178.161
16310.78.178.162/3210.78.178.162 – 10.78.178.16210.78.178.162
16410.78.178.163/3210.78.178.163 – 10.78.178.16310.78.178.163
16510.78.178.164/3210.78.178.164 – 10.78.178.16410.78.178.164
16610.78.178.165/3210.78.178.165 – 10.78.178.16510.78.178.165
16710.78.178.166/3210.78.178.166 – 10.78.178.16610.78.178.166
16810.78.178.167/3210.78.178.167 – 10.78.178.16710.78.178.167
16910.78.178.168/3210.78.178.168 – 10.78.178.16810.78.178.168
17010.78.178.169/3210.78.178.169 – 10.78.178.16910.78.178.169
17110.78.178.170/3210.78.178.170 – 10.78.178.17010.78.178.170
17210.78.178.171/3210.78.178.171 – 10.78.178.17110.78.178.171
17310.78.178.172/3210.78.178.172 – 10.78.178.17210.78.178.172
17410.78.178.173/3210.78.178.173 – 10.78.178.17310.78.178.173
17510.78.178.174/3210.78.178.174 – 10.78.178.17410.78.178.174
17610.78.178.175/3210.78.178.175 – 10.78.178.17510.78.178.175
17710.78.178.176/3210.78.178.176 – 10.78.178.17610.78.178.176
17810.78.178.177/3210.78.178.177 – 10.78.178.17710.78.178.177
17910.78.178.178/3210.78.178.178 – 10.78.178.17810.78.178.178
18010.78.178.179/3210.78.178.179 – 10.78.178.17910.78.178.179
18110.78.178.180/3210.78.178.180 – 10.78.178.18010.78.178.180
18210.78.178.181/3210.78.178.181 – 10.78.178.18110.78.178.181
18310.78.178.182/3210.78.178.182 – 10.78.178.18210.78.178.182
18410.78.178.183/3210.78.178.183 – 10.78.178.18310.78.178.183
18510.78.178.184/3210.78.178.184 – 10.78.178.18410.78.178.184
18610.78.178.185/3210.78.178.185 – 10.78.178.18510.78.178.185
18710.78.178.186/3210.78.178.186 – 10.78.178.18610.78.178.186
18810.78.178.187/3210.78.178.187 – 10.78.178.18710.78.178.187
18910.78.178.188/3210.78.178.188 – 10.78.178.18810.78.178.188
19010.78.178.189/3210.78.178.189 – 10.78.178.18910.78.178.189
19110.78.178.190/3210.78.178.190 – 10.78.178.19010.78.178.190
19210.78.178.191/3210.78.178.191 – 10.78.178.19110.78.178.191
19310.78.178.192/3210.78.178.192 – 10.78.178.19210.78.178.192
19410.78.178.193/3210.78.178.193 – 10.78.178.19310.78.178.193
19510.78.178.194/3210.78.178.194 – 10.78.178.19410.78.178.194
19610.78.178.195/3210.78.178.195 – 10.78.178.19510.78.178.195
19710.78.178.196/3210.78.178.196 – 10.78.178.19610.78.178.196
19810.78.178.197/3210.78.178.197 – 10.78.178.19710.78.178.197
19910.78.178.198/3210.78.178.198 – 10.78.178.19810.78.178.198
20010.78.178.199/3210.78.178.199 – 10.78.178.19910.78.178.199
20110.78.178.200/3210.78.178.200 – 10.78.178.20010.78.178.200
20210.78.178.201/3210.78.178.201 – 10.78.178.20110.78.178.201
20310.78.178.202/3210.78.178.202 – 10.78.178.20210.78.178.202
20410.78.178.203/3210.78.178.203 – 10.78.178.20310.78.178.203
20510.78.178.204/3210.78.178.204 – 10.78.178.20410.78.178.204
20610.78.178.205/3210.78.178.205 – 10.78.178.20510.78.178.205
20710.78.178.206/3210.78.178.206 – 10.78.178.20610.78.178.206
20810.78.178.207/3210.78.178.207 – 10.78.178.20710.78.178.207
20910.78.178.208/3210.78.178.208 – 10.78.178.20810.78.178.208
21010.78.178.209/3210.78.178.209 – 10.78.178.20910.78.178.209
21110.78.178.210/3210.78.178.210 – 10.78.178.21010.78.178.210
21210.78.178.211/3210.78.178.211 – 10.78.178.21110.78.178.211
21310.78.178.212/3210.78.178.212 – 10.78.178.21210.78.178.212
21410.78.178.213/3210.78.178.213 – 10.78.178.21310.78.178.213
21510.78.178.214/3210.78.178.214 – 10.78.178.21410.78.178.214
21610.78.178.215/3210.78.178.215 – 10.78.178.21510.78.178.215
21710.78.178.216/3210.78.178.216 – 10.78.178.21610.78.178.216
21810.78.178.217/3210.78.178.217 – 10.78.178.21710.78.178.217
21910.78.178.218/3210.78.178.218 – 10.78.178.21810.78.178.218
22010.78.178.219/3210.78.178.219 – 10.78.178.21910.78.178.219
22110.78.178.220/3210.78.178.220 – 10.78.178.22010.78.178.220
22210.78.178.221/3210.78.178.221 – 10.78.178.22110.78.178.221
22310.78.178.222/3210.78.178.222 – 10.78.178.22210.78.178.222
22410.78.178.223/3210.78.178.223 – 10.78.178.22310.78.178.223
22510.78.178.224/3210.78.178.224 – 10.78.178.22410.78.178.224
22610.78.178.225/3210.78.178.225 – 10.78.178.22510.78.178.225
22710.78.178.226/3210.78.178.226 – 10.78.178.22610.78.178.226
22810.78.178.227/3210.78.178.227 – 10.78.178.22710.78.178.227
22910.78.178.228/3210.78.178.228 – 10.78.178.22810.78.178.228
23010.78.178.229/3210.78.178.229 – 10.78.178.22910.78.178.229
23110.78.178.230/3210.78.178.230 – 10.78.178.23010.78.178.230
23210.78.178.231/3210.78.178.231 – 10.78.178.23110.78.178.231
23310.78.178.232/3210.78.178.232 – 10.78.178.23210.78.178.232
23410.78.178.233/3210.78.178.233 – 10.78.178.23310.78.178.233
23510.78.178.234/3210.78.178.234 – 10.78.178.23410.78.178.234
23610.78.178.235/3210.78.178.235 – 10.78.178.23510.78.178.235
23710.78.178.236/3210.78.178.236 – 10.78.178.23610.78.178.236
23810.78.178.237/3210.78.178.237 – 10.78.178.23710.78.178.237
23910.78.178.238/3210.78.178.238 – 10.78.178.23810.78.178.238
24010.78.178.239/3210.78.178.239 – 10.78.178.23910.78.178.239
24110.78.178.240/3210.78.178.240 – 10.78.178.24010.78.178.240
24210.78.178.241/3210.78.178.241 – 10.78.178.24110.78.178.241
24310.78.178.242/3210.78.178.242 – 10.78.178.24210.78.178.242
24410.78.178.243/3210.78.178.243 – 10.78.178.24310.78.178.243
24510.78.178.244/3210.78.178.244 – 10.78.178.24410.78.178.244
24610.78.178.245/3210.78.178.245 – 10.78.178.24510.78.178.245
24710.78.178.246/3210.78.178.246 – 10.78.178.24610.78.178.246
24810.78.178.247/3210.78.178.247 – 10.78.178.24710.78.178.247
24910.78.178.248/3210.78.178.248 – 10.78.178.24810.78.178.248
25010.78.178.249/3210.78.178.249 – 10.78.178.24910.78.178.249
25110.78.178.250/3210.78.178.250 – 10.78.178.25010.78.178.250
25210.78.178.251/3210.78.178.251 – 10.78.178.25110.78.178.251
25310.78.178.252/3210.78.178.252 – 10.78.178.25210.78.178.252
25410.78.178.253/3210.78.178.253 – 10.78.178.25310.78.178.253
25510.78.178.254/3210.78.178.254 – 10.78.178.25410.78.178.254
25610.78.178.255/3210.78.178.255 – 10.78.178.25510.78.178.255
01 / table

IPv4 CIDR prefix table.

Click a prefix longer than your network to split it into subnets.

prefixsubnet maskaddresseshostsin your /24
/00.0.0.04,294,967,2964,294,967,294-
/1128.0.0.02,147,483,6482,147,483,646-
/2192.0.0.01,073,741,8241,073,741,822-
/3224.0.0.0536,870,912536,870,910-
/4240.0.0.0268,435,456268,435,454-
/5248.0.0.0134,217,728134,217,726-
/6252.0.0.067,108,86467,108,862-
/7254.0.0.033,554,43233,554,430-
/8255.0.0.016,777,21616,777,214-
/9255.128.0.08,388,6088,388,606-
/10255.192.0.04,194,3044,194,302-
/11255.224.0.02,097,1522,097,150-
/12255.240.0.01,048,5761,048,574-
/13255.248.0.0524,288524,286-
/14255.252.0.0262,144262,142-
/15255.254.0.0131,072131,070-
/16255.255.0.065,53665,534-
/17255.255.128.032,76832,766-
/18255.255.192.016,38416,382-
/19255.255.224.08,1928,190-
/20255.255.240.04,0964,094-
/21255.255.248.02,0482,046-
/22255.255.252.01,0241,022-
/23255.255.254.0512510-
/24255.255.255.02562541
/25255.255.255.1281281262 split →
/26255.255.255.19264624 split →
/27255.255.255.22432308 split →
/28255.255.255.240161416 split →
/29255.255.255.2488632 split →
/30255.255.255.2524264 split →
/31255.255.255.25422128 split →
/32255.255.255.25511256 split →
02 / faq

About this calculator.

How do I use this subnet calculator?

▼

Type an IP address followed by a prefix, like 192.168.1.10/24, or by a subnet mask, like 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0. Without a prefix it uses /24. Click a row in the table to split the network into smaller subnets.

Why are usable hosts always 2 fewer?

▼

The first address in a subnet is the network address and the last is the broadcast address, so neither can go to a device. The exceptions are /31 (point-to-point links, RFC 3021) and /32 (a single address), which use every address.

Can I use it from a terminal?

▼

Yes. curl 'ipku.in/en/tools/ipv4-subnet-calculator?q=192.168.1.10/24' returns the result as plain text.

Learn how to work it out →