ip
ipku.in

IPv4 Subnet Calculator

Enter an IP with a CIDR prefix or a subnet mask to see its network, broadcast, host range, and host count. You can also split the network into smaller subnets.

$ ipcalc
private IP (RFC 1918)10.44.77.0/24
network10.44.77.0/24
broadcast10.44.77.255
first host10.44.77.1
last host10.44.77.254
subnet mask255.255.255.0
wildcard0.0.0.255
addresses256
usable hosts254
classA
ipcalc 10.44.77.0/24
address00001010.00101100.01001101.00000000
subnet mask11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
network00001010.00101100.01001101.00000000
broadcast00001010.00101100.01001101.11111111
green = network part, grey = host part
hex0x0a2c4d00
decimal170675456
reverse dns0.77.44.10.in-addr.arpa
ipv4-mapped::ffff:a2c:4d00

/24 split into /32 · 256 subnets

close ×
#networkhost rangebroadcast
110.44.77.0/3210.44.77.0 – 10.44.77.010.44.77.0
210.44.77.1/3210.44.77.1 – 10.44.77.110.44.77.1
310.44.77.2/3210.44.77.2 – 10.44.77.210.44.77.2
410.44.77.3/3210.44.77.3 – 10.44.77.310.44.77.3
510.44.77.4/3210.44.77.4 – 10.44.77.410.44.77.4
610.44.77.5/3210.44.77.5 – 10.44.77.510.44.77.5
710.44.77.6/3210.44.77.6 – 10.44.77.610.44.77.6
810.44.77.7/3210.44.77.7 – 10.44.77.710.44.77.7
910.44.77.8/3210.44.77.8 – 10.44.77.810.44.77.8
1010.44.77.9/3210.44.77.9 – 10.44.77.910.44.77.9
1110.44.77.10/3210.44.77.10 – 10.44.77.1010.44.77.10
1210.44.77.11/3210.44.77.11 – 10.44.77.1110.44.77.11
1310.44.77.12/3210.44.77.12 – 10.44.77.1210.44.77.12
1410.44.77.13/3210.44.77.13 – 10.44.77.1310.44.77.13
1510.44.77.14/3210.44.77.14 – 10.44.77.1410.44.77.14
1610.44.77.15/3210.44.77.15 – 10.44.77.1510.44.77.15
1710.44.77.16/3210.44.77.16 – 10.44.77.1610.44.77.16
1810.44.77.17/3210.44.77.17 – 10.44.77.1710.44.77.17
1910.44.77.18/3210.44.77.18 – 10.44.77.1810.44.77.18
2010.44.77.19/3210.44.77.19 – 10.44.77.1910.44.77.19
2110.44.77.20/3210.44.77.20 – 10.44.77.2010.44.77.20
2210.44.77.21/3210.44.77.21 – 10.44.77.2110.44.77.21
2310.44.77.22/3210.44.77.22 – 10.44.77.2210.44.77.22
2410.44.77.23/3210.44.77.23 – 10.44.77.2310.44.77.23
2510.44.77.24/3210.44.77.24 – 10.44.77.2410.44.77.24
2610.44.77.25/3210.44.77.25 – 10.44.77.2510.44.77.25
2710.44.77.26/3210.44.77.26 – 10.44.77.2610.44.77.26
2810.44.77.27/3210.44.77.27 – 10.44.77.2710.44.77.27
2910.44.77.28/3210.44.77.28 – 10.44.77.2810.44.77.28
3010.44.77.29/3210.44.77.29 – 10.44.77.2910.44.77.29
3110.44.77.30/3210.44.77.30 – 10.44.77.3010.44.77.30
3210.44.77.31/3210.44.77.31 – 10.44.77.3110.44.77.31
3310.44.77.32/3210.44.77.32 – 10.44.77.3210.44.77.32
3410.44.77.33/3210.44.77.33 – 10.44.77.3310.44.77.33
3510.44.77.34/3210.44.77.34 – 10.44.77.3410.44.77.34
3610.44.77.35/3210.44.77.35 – 10.44.77.3510.44.77.35
3710.44.77.36/3210.44.77.36 – 10.44.77.3610.44.77.36
3810.44.77.37/3210.44.77.37 – 10.44.77.3710.44.77.37
3910.44.77.38/3210.44.77.38 – 10.44.77.3810.44.77.38
4010.44.77.39/3210.44.77.39 – 10.44.77.3910.44.77.39
4110.44.77.40/3210.44.77.40 – 10.44.77.4010.44.77.40
4210.44.77.41/3210.44.77.41 – 10.44.77.4110.44.77.41
4310.44.77.42/3210.44.77.42 – 10.44.77.4210.44.77.42
4410.44.77.43/3210.44.77.43 – 10.44.77.4310.44.77.43
4510.44.77.44/3210.44.77.44 – 10.44.77.4410.44.77.44
4610.44.77.45/3210.44.77.45 – 10.44.77.4510.44.77.45
4710.44.77.46/3210.44.77.46 – 10.44.77.4610.44.77.46
4810.44.77.47/3210.44.77.47 – 10.44.77.4710.44.77.47
4910.44.77.48/3210.44.77.48 – 10.44.77.4810.44.77.48
5010.44.77.49/3210.44.77.49 – 10.44.77.4910.44.77.49
5110.44.77.50/3210.44.77.50 – 10.44.77.5010.44.77.50
5210.44.77.51/3210.44.77.51 – 10.44.77.5110.44.77.51
5310.44.77.52/3210.44.77.52 – 10.44.77.5210.44.77.52
5410.44.77.53/3210.44.77.53 – 10.44.77.5310.44.77.53
5510.44.77.54/3210.44.77.54 – 10.44.77.5410.44.77.54
5610.44.77.55/3210.44.77.55 – 10.44.77.5510.44.77.55
5710.44.77.56/3210.44.77.56 – 10.44.77.5610.44.77.56
5810.44.77.57/3210.44.77.57 – 10.44.77.5710.44.77.57
5910.44.77.58/3210.44.77.58 – 10.44.77.5810.44.77.58
6010.44.77.59/3210.44.77.59 – 10.44.77.5910.44.77.59
6110.44.77.60/3210.44.77.60 – 10.44.77.6010.44.77.60
6210.44.77.61/3210.44.77.61 – 10.44.77.6110.44.77.61
6310.44.77.62/3210.44.77.62 – 10.44.77.6210.44.77.62
6410.44.77.63/3210.44.77.63 – 10.44.77.6310.44.77.63
6510.44.77.64/3210.44.77.64 – 10.44.77.6410.44.77.64
6610.44.77.65/3210.44.77.65 – 10.44.77.6510.44.77.65
6710.44.77.66/3210.44.77.66 – 10.44.77.6610.44.77.66
6810.44.77.67/3210.44.77.67 – 10.44.77.6710.44.77.67
6910.44.77.68/3210.44.77.68 – 10.44.77.6810.44.77.68
7010.44.77.69/3210.44.77.69 – 10.44.77.6910.44.77.69
7110.44.77.70/3210.44.77.70 – 10.44.77.7010.44.77.70
7210.44.77.71/3210.44.77.71 – 10.44.77.7110.44.77.71
7310.44.77.72/3210.44.77.72 – 10.44.77.7210.44.77.72
7410.44.77.73/3210.44.77.73 – 10.44.77.7310.44.77.73
7510.44.77.74/3210.44.77.74 – 10.44.77.7410.44.77.74
7610.44.77.75/3210.44.77.75 – 10.44.77.7510.44.77.75
7710.44.77.76/3210.44.77.76 – 10.44.77.7610.44.77.76
7810.44.77.77/3210.44.77.77 – 10.44.77.7710.44.77.77
7910.44.77.78/3210.44.77.78 – 10.44.77.7810.44.77.78
8010.44.77.79/3210.44.77.79 – 10.44.77.7910.44.77.79
8110.44.77.80/3210.44.77.80 – 10.44.77.8010.44.77.80
8210.44.77.81/3210.44.77.81 – 10.44.77.8110.44.77.81
8310.44.77.82/3210.44.77.82 – 10.44.77.8210.44.77.82
8410.44.77.83/3210.44.77.83 – 10.44.77.8310.44.77.83
8510.44.77.84/3210.44.77.84 – 10.44.77.8410.44.77.84
8610.44.77.85/3210.44.77.85 – 10.44.77.8510.44.77.85
8710.44.77.86/3210.44.77.86 – 10.44.77.8610.44.77.86
8810.44.77.87/3210.44.77.87 – 10.44.77.8710.44.77.87
8910.44.77.88/3210.44.77.88 – 10.44.77.8810.44.77.88
9010.44.77.89/3210.44.77.89 – 10.44.77.8910.44.77.89
9110.44.77.90/3210.44.77.90 – 10.44.77.9010.44.77.90
9210.44.77.91/3210.44.77.91 – 10.44.77.9110.44.77.91
9310.44.77.92/3210.44.77.92 – 10.44.77.9210.44.77.92
9410.44.77.93/3210.44.77.93 – 10.44.77.9310.44.77.93
9510.44.77.94/3210.44.77.94 – 10.44.77.9410.44.77.94
9610.44.77.95/3210.44.77.95 – 10.44.77.9510.44.77.95
9710.44.77.96/3210.44.77.96 – 10.44.77.9610.44.77.96
9810.44.77.97/3210.44.77.97 – 10.44.77.9710.44.77.97
9910.44.77.98/3210.44.77.98 – 10.44.77.9810.44.77.98
10010.44.77.99/3210.44.77.99 – 10.44.77.9910.44.77.99
10110.44.77.100/3210.44.77.100 – 10.44.77.10010.44.77.100
10210.44.77.101/3210.44.77.101 – 10.44.77.10110.44.77.101
10310.44.77.102/3210.44.77.102 – 10.44.77.10210.44.77.102
10410.44.77.103/3210.44.77.103 – 10.44.77.10310.44.77.103
10510.44.77.104/3210.44.77.104 – 10.44.77.10410.44.77.104
10610.44.77.105/3210.44.77.105 – 10.44.77.10510.44.77.105
10710.44.77.106/3210.44.77.106 – 10.44.77.10610.44.77.106
10810.44.77.107/3210.44.77.107 – 10.44.77.10710.44.77.107
10910.44.77.108/3210.44.77.108 – 10.44.77.10810.44.77.108
11010.44.77.109/3210.44.77.109 – 10.44.77.10910.44.77.109
11110.44.77.110/3210.44.77.110 – 10.44.77.11010.44.77.110
11210.44.77.111/3210.44.77.111 – 10.44.77.11110.44.77.111
11310.44.77.112/3210.44.77.112 – 10.44.77.11210.44.77.112
11410.44.77.113/3210.44.77.113 – 10.44.77.11310.44.77.113
11510.44.77.114/3210.44.77.114 – 10.44.77.11410.44.77.114
11610.44.77.115/3210.44.77.115 – 10.44.77.11510.44.77.115
11710.44.77.116/3210.44.77.116 – 10.44.77.11610.44.77.116
11810.44.77.117/3210.44.77.117 – 10.44.77.11710.44.77.117
11910.44.77.118/3210.44.77.118 – 10.44.77.11810.44.77.118
12010.44.77.119/3210.44.77.119 – 10.44.77.11910.44.77.119
12110.44.77.120/3210.44.77.120 – 10.44.77.12010.44.77.120
12210.44.77.121/3210.44.77.121 – 10.44.77.12110.44.77.121
12310.44.77.122/3210.44.77.122 – 10.44.77.12210.44.77.122
12410.44.77.123/3210.44.77.123 – 10.44.77.12310.44.77.123
12510.44.77.124/3210.44.77.124 – 10.44.77.12410.44.77.124
12610.44.77.125/3210.44.77.125 – 10.44.77.12510.44.77.125
12710.44.77.126/3210.44.77.126 – 10.44.77.12610.44.77.126
12810.44.77.127/3210.44.77.127 – 10.44.77.12710.44.77.127
12910.44.77.128/3210.44.77.128 – 10.44.77.12810.44.77.128
13010.44.77.129/3210.44.77.129 – 10.44.77.12910.44.77.129
13110.44.77.130/3210.44.77.130 – 10.44.77.13010.44.77.130
13210.44.77.131/3210.44.77.131 – 10.44.77.13110.44.77.131
13310.44.77.132/3210.44.77.132 – 10.44.77.13210.44.77.132
13410.44.77.133/3210.44.77.133 – 10.44.77.13310.44.77.133
13510.44.77.134/3210.44.77.134 – 10.44.77.13410.44.77.134
13610.44.77.135/3210.44.77.135 – 10.44.77.13510.44.77.135
13710.44.77.136/3210.44.77.136 – 10.44.77.13610.44.77.136
13810.44.77.137/3210.44.77.137 – 10.44.77.13710.44.77.137
13910.44.77.138/3210.44.77.138 – 10.44.77.13810.44.77.138
14010.44.77.139/3210.44.77.139 – 10.44.77.13910.44.77.139
14110.44.77.140/3210.44.77.140 – 10.44.77.14010.44.77.140
14210.44.77.141/3210.44.77.141 – 10.44.77.14110.44.77.141
14310.44.77.142/3210.44.77.142 – 10.44.77.14210.44.77.142
14410.44.77.143/3210.44.77.143 – 10.44.77.14310.44.77.143
14510.44.77.144/3210.44.77.144 – 10.44.77.14410.44.77.144
14610.44.77.145/3210.44.77.145 – 10.44.77.14510.44.77.145
14710.44.77.146/3210.44.77.146 – 10.44.77.14610.44.77.146
14810.44.77.147/3210.44.77.147 – 10.44.77.14710.44.77.147
14910.44.77.148/3210.44.77.148 – 10.44.77.14810.44.77.148
15010.44.77.149/3210.44.77.149 – 10.44.77.14910.44.77.149
15110.44.77.150/3210.44.77.150 – 10.44.77.15010.44.77.150
15210.44.77.151/3210.44.77.151 – 10.44.77.15110.44.77.151
15310.44.77.152/3210.44.77.152 – 10.44.77.15210.44.77.152
15410.44.77.153/3210.44.77.153 – 10.44.77.15310.44.77.153
15510.44.77.154/3210.44.77.154 – 10.44.77.15410.44.77.154
15610.44.77.155/3210.44.77.155 – 10.44.77.15510.44.77.155
15710.44.77.156/3210.44.77.156 – 10.44.77.15610.44.77.156
15810.44.77.157/3210.44.77.157 – 10.44.77.15710.44.77.157
15910.44.77.158/3210.44.77.158 – 10.44.77.15810.44.77.158
16010.44.77.159/3210.44.77.159 – 10.44.77.15910.44.77.159
16110.44.77.160/3210.44.77.160 – 10.44.77.16010.44.77.160
16210.44.77.161/3210.44.77.161 – 10.44.77.16110.44.77.161
16310.44.77.162/3210.44.77.162 – 10.44.77.16210.44.77.162
16410.44.77.163/3210.44.77.163 – 10.44.77.16310.44.77.163
16510.44.77.164/3210.44.77.164 – 10.44.77.16410.44.77.164
16610.44.77.165/3210.44.77.165 – 10.44.77.16510.44.77.165
16710.44.77.166/3210.44.77.166 – 10.44.77.16610.44.77.166
16810.44.77.167/3210.44.77.167 – 10.44.77.16710.44.77.167
16910.44.77.168/3210.44.77.168 – 10.44.77.16810.44.77.168
17010.44.77.169/3210.44.77.169 – 10.44.77.16910.44.77.169
17110.44.77.170/3210.44.77.170 – 10.44.77.17010.44.77.170
17210.44.77.171/3210.44.77.171 – 10.44.77.17110.44.77.171
17310.44.77.172/3210.44.77.172 – 10.44.77.17210.44.77.172
17410.44.77.173/3210.44.77.173 – 10.44.77.17310.44.77.173
17510.44.77.174/3210.44.77.174 – 10.44.77.17410.44.77.174
17610.44.77.175/3210.44.77.175 – 10.44.77.17510.44.77.175
17710.44.77.176/3210.44.77.176 – 10.44.77.17610.44.77.176
17810.44.77.177/3210.44.77.177 – 10.44.77.17710.44.77.177
17910.44.77.178/3210.44.77.178 – 10.44.77.17810.44.77.178
18010.44.77.179/3210.44.77.179 – 10.44.77.17910.44.77.179
18110.44.77.180/3210.44.77.180 – 10.44.77.18010.44.77.180
18210.44.77.181/3210.44.77.181 – 10.44.77.18110.44.77.181
18310.44.77.182/3210.44.77.182 – 10.44.77.18210.44.77.182
18410.44.77.183/3210.44.77.183 – 10.44.77.18310.44.77.183
18510.44.77.184/3210.44.77.184 – 10.44.77.18410.44.77.184
18610.44.77.185/3210.44.77.185 – 10.44.77.18510.44.77.185
18710.44.77.186/3210.44.77.186 – 10.44.77.18610.44.77.186
18810.44.77.187/3210.44.77.187 – 10.44.77.18710.44.77.187
18910.44.77.188/3210.44.77.188 – 10.44.77.18810.44.77.188
19010.44.77.189/3210.44.77.189 – 10.44.77.18910.44.77.189
19110.44.77.190/3210.44.77.190 – 10.44.77.19010.44.77.190
19210.44.77.191/3210.44.77.191 – 10.44.77.19110.44.77.191
19310.44.77.192/3210.44.77.192 – 10.44.77.19210.44.77.192
19410.44.77.193/3210.44.77.193 – 10.44.77.19310.44.77.193
19510.44.77.194/3210.44.77.194 – 10.44.77.19410.44.77.194
19610.44.77.195/3210.44.77.195 – 10.44.77.19510.44.77.195
19710.44.77.196/3210.44.77.196 – 10.44.77.19610.44.77.196
19810.44.77.197/3210.44.77.197 – 10.44.77.19710.44.77.197
19910.44.77.198/3210.44.77.198 – 10.44.77.19810.44.77.198
20010.44.77.199/3210.44.77.199 – 10.44.77.19910.44.77.199
20110.44.77.200/3210.44.77.200 – 10.44.77.20010.44.77.200
20210.44.77.201/3210.44.77.201 – 10.44.77.20110.44.77.201
20310.44.77.202/3210.44.77.202 – 10.44.77.20210.44.77.202
20410.44.77.203/3210.44.77.203 – 10.44.77.20310.44.77.203
20510.44.77.204/3210.44.77.204 – 10.44.77.20410.44.77.204
20610.44.77.205/3210.44.77.205 – 10.44.77.20510.44.77.205
20710.44.77.206/3210.44.77.206 – 10.44.77.20610.44.77.206
20810.44.77.207/3210.44.77.207 – 10.44.77.20710.44.77.207
20910.44.77.208/3210.44.77.208 – 10.44.77.20810.44.77.208
21010.44.77.209/3210.44.77.209 – 10.44.77.20910.44.77.209
21110.44.77.210/3210.44.77.210 – 10.44.77.21010.44.77.210
21210.44.77.211/3210.44.77.211 – 10.44.77.21110.44.77.211
21310.44.77.212/3210.44.77.212 – 10.44.77.21210.44.77.212
21410.44.77.213/3210.44.77.213 – 10.44.77.21310.44.77.213
21510.44.77.214/3210.44.77.214 – 10.44.77.21410.44.77.214
21610.44.77.215/3210.44.77.215 – 10.44.77.21510.44.77.215
21710.44.77.216/3210.44.77.216 – 10.44.77.21610.44.77.216
21810.44.77.217/3210.44.77.217 – 10.44.77.21710.44.77.217
21910.44.77.218/3210.44.77.218 – 10.44.77.21810.44.77.218
22010.44.77.219/3210.44.77.219 – 10.44.77.21910.44.77.219
22110.44.77.220/3210.44.77.220 – 10.44.77.22010.44.77.220
22210.44.77.221/3210.44.77.221 – 10.44.77.22110.44.77.221
22310.44.77.222/3210.44.77.222 – 10.44.77.22210.44.77.222
22410.44.77.223/3210.44.77.223 – 10.44.77.22310.44.77.223
22510.44.77.224/3210.44.77.224 – 10.44.77.22410.44.77.224
22610.44.77.225/3210.44.77.225 – 10.44.77.22510.44.77.225
22710.44.77.226/3210.44.77.226 – 10.44.77.22610.44.77.226
22810.44.77.227/3210.44.77.227 – 10.44.77.22710.44.77.227
22910.44.77.228/3210.44.77.228 – 10.44.77.22810.44.77.228
23010.44.77.229/3210.44.77.229 – 10.44.77.22910.44.77.229
23110.44.77.230/3210.44.77.230 – 10.44.77.23010.44.77.230
23210.44.77.231/3210.44.77.231 – 10.44.77.23110.44.77.231
23310.44.77.232/3210.44.77.232 – 10.44.77.23210.44.77.232
23410.44.77.233/3210.44.77.233 – 10.44.77.23310.44.77.233
23510.44.77.234/3210.44.77.234 – 10.44.77.23410.44.77.234
23610.44.77.235/3210.44.77.235 – 10.44.77.23510.44.77.235
23710.44.77.236/3210.44.77.236 – 10.44.77.23610.44.77.236
23810.44.77.237/3210.44.77.237 – 10.44.77.23710.44.77.237
23910.44.77.238/3210.44.77.238 – 10.44.77.23810.44.77.238
24010.44.77.239/3210.44.77.239 – 10.44.77.23910.44.77.239
24110.44.77.240/3210.44.77.240 – 10.44.77.24010.44.77.240
24210.44.77.241/3210.44.77.241 – 10.44.77.24110.44.77.241
24310.44.77.242/3210.44.77.242 – 10.44.77.24210.44.77.242
24410.44.77.243/3210.44.77.243 – 10.44.77.24310.44.77.243
24510.44.77.244/3210.44.77.244 – 10.44.77.24410.44.77.244
24610.44.77.245/3210.44.77.245 – 10.44.77.24510.44.77.245
24710.44.77.246/3210.44.77.246 – 10.44.77.24610.44.77.246
24810.44.77.247/3210.44.77.247 – 10.44.77.24710.44.77.247
24910.44.77.248/3210.44.77.248 – 10.44.77.24810.44.77.248
25010.44.77.249/3210.44.77.249 – 10.44.77.24910.44.77.249
25110.44.77.250/3210.44.77.250 – 10.44.77.25010.44.77.250
25210.44.77.251/3210.44.77.251 – 10.44.77.25110.44.77.251
25310.44.77.252/3210.44.77.252 – 10.44.77.25210.44.77.252
25410.44.77.253/3210.44.77.253 – 10.44.77.25310.44.77.253
25510.44.77.254/3210.44.77.254 – 10.44.77.25410.44.77.254
25610.44.77.255/3210.44.77.255 – 10.44.77.25510.44.77.255
01 / table

IPv4 CIDR prefix table.

Click a prefix longer than your network to split it into subnets.

prefixsubnet maskaddresseshostsin your /24
/00.0.0.04,294,967,2964,294,967,294-
/1128.0.0.02,147,483,6482,147,483,646-
/2192.0.0.01,073,741,8241,073,741,822-
/3224.0.0.0536,870,912536,870,910-
/4240.0.0.0268,435,456268,435,454-
/5248.0.0.0134,217,728134,217,726-
/6252.0.0.067,108,86467,108,862-
/7254.0.0.033,554,43233,554,430-
/8255.0.0.016,777,21616,777,214-
/9255.128.0.08,388,6088,388,606-
/10255.192.0.04,194,3044,194,302-
/11255.224.0.02,097,1522,097,150-
/12255.240.0.01,048,5761,048,574-
/13255.248.0.0524,288524,286-
/14255.252.0.0262,144262,142-
/15255.254.0.0131,072131,070-
/16255.255.0.065,53665,534-
/17255.255.128.032,76832,766-
/18255.255.192.016,38416,382-
/19255.255.224.08,1928,190-
/20255.255.240.04,0964,094-
/21255.255.248.02,0482,046-
/22255.255.252.01,0241,022-
/23255.255.254.0512510-
/24255.255.255.02562541
/25255.255.255.1281281262 split →
/26255.255.255.19264624 split →
/27255.255.255.22432308 split →
/28255.255.255.240161416 split →
/29255.255.255.2488632 split →
/30255.255.255.2524264 split →
/31255.255.255.25422128 split →
/32255.255.255.25511256 split →
02 / faq

About this calculator.

How do I use this subnet calculator?

▼

Type an IP address followed by a prefix, like 192.168.1.10/24, or by a subnet mask, like 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0. Without a prefix it uses /24. Click a row in the table to split the network into smaller subnets.

Why are usable hosts always 2 fewer?

▼

The first address in a subnet is the network address and the last is the broadcast address, so neither can go to a device. The exceptions are /31 (point-to-point links, RFC 3021) and /32 (a single address), which use every address.

Can I use it from a terminal?

▼

Yes. curl 'ipku.in/en/tools/ipv4-subnet-calculator?q=192.168.1.10/24' returns the result as plain text.

Learn how to work it out →