ip
ipku.in

IPv4 Subnet Calculator

Enter an IP with a CIDR prefix or a subnet mask to see its network, broadcast, host range, and host count. You can also split the network into smaller subnets.

$ ipcalc
private IP (RFC 1918)10.232.237.0/24
network10.232.237.0/24
broadcast10.232.237.255
first host10.232.237.1
last host10.232.237.254
subnet mask255.255.255.0
wildcard0.0.0.255
addresses256
usable hosts254
classA
ipcalc 10.232.237.0/24
address00001010.11101000.11101101.00000000
subnet mask11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
network00001010.11101000.11101101.00000000
broadcast00001010.11101000.11101101.11111111
green = network part, grey = host part
hex0x0ae8ed00
decimal183037184
reverse dns0.237.232.10.in-addr.arpa
ipv4-mapped::ffff:ae8:ed00

/24 split into /32 · 256 subnets

close ×
#networkhost rangebroadcast
110.232.237.0/3210.232.237.0 – 10.232.237.010.232.237.0
210.232.237.1/3210.232.237.1 – 10.232.237.110.232.237.1
310.232.237.2/3210.232.237.2 – 10.232.237.210.232.237.2
410.232.237.3/3210.232.237.3 – 10.232.237.310.232.237.3
510.232.237.4/3210.232.237.4 – 10.232.237.410.232.237.4
610.232.237.5/3210.232.237.5 – 10.232.237.510.232.237.5
710.232.237.6/3210.232.237.6 – 10.232.237.610.232.237.6
810.232.237.7/3210.232.237.7 – 10.232.237.710.232.237.7
910.232.237.8/3210.232.237.8 – 10.232.237.810.232.237.8
1010.232.237.9/3210.232.237.9 – 10.232.237.910.232.237.9
1110.232.237.10/3210.232.237.10 – 10.232.237.1010.232.237.10
1210.232.237.11/3210.232.237.11 – 10.232.237.1110.232.237.11
1310.232.237.12/3210.232.237.12 – 10.232.237.1210.232.237.12
1410.232.237.13/3210.232.237.13 – 10.232.237.1310.232.237.13
1510.232.237.14/3210.232.237.14 – 10.232.237.1410.232.237.14
1610.232.237.15/3210.232.237.15 – 10.232.237.1510.232.237.15
1710.232.237.16/3210.232.237.16 – 10.232.237.1610.232.237.16
1810.232.237.17/3210.232.237.17 – 10.232.237.1710.232.237.17
1910.232.237.18/3210.232.237.18 – 10.232.237.1810.232.237.18
2010.232.237.19/3210.232.237.19 – 10.232.237.1910.232.237.19
2110.232.237.20/3210.232.237.20 – 10.232.237.2010.232.237.20
2210.232.237.21/3210.232.237.21 – 10.232.237.2110.232.237.21
2310.232.237.22/3210.232.237.22 – 10.232.237.2210.232.237.22
2410.232.237.23/3210.232.237.23 – 10.232.237.2310.232.237.23
2510.232.237.24/3210.232.237.24 – 10.232.237.2410.232.237.24
2610.232.237.25/3210.232.237.25 – 10.232.237.2510.232.237.25
2710.232.237.26/3210.232.237.26 – 10.232.237.2610.232.237.26
2810.232.237.27/3210.232.237.27 – 10.232.237.2710.232.237.27
2910.232.237.28/3210.232.237.28 – 10.232.237.2810.232.237.28
3010.232.237.29/3210.232.237.29 – 10.232.237.2910.232.237.29
3110.232.237.30/3210.232.237.30 – 10.232.237.3010.232.237.30
3210.232.237.31/3210.232.237.31 – 10.232.237.3110.232.237.31
3310.232.237.32/3210.232.237.32 – 10.232.237.3210.232.237.32
3410.232.237.33/3210.232.237.33 – 10.232.237.3310.232.237.33
3510.232.237.34/3210.232.237.34 – 10.232.237.3410.232.237.34
3610.232.237.35/3210.232.237.35 – 10.232.237.3510.232.237.35
3710.232.237.36/3210.232.237.36 – 10.232.237.3610.232.237.36
3810.232.237.37/3210.232.237.37 – 10.232.237.3710.232.237.37
3910.232.237.38/3210.232.237.38 – 10.232.237.3810.232.237.38
4010.232.237.39/3210.232.237.39 – 10.232.237.3910.232.237.39
4110.232.237.40/3210.232.237.40 – 10.232.237.4010.232.237.40
4210.232.237.41/3210.232.237.41 – 10.232.237.4110.232.237.41
4310.232.237.42/3210.232.237.42 – 10.232.237.4210.232.237.42
4410.232.237.43/3210.232.237.43 – 10.232.237.4310.232.237.43
4510.232.237.44/3210.232.237.44 – 10.232.237.4410.232.237.44
4610.232.237.45/3210.232.237.45 – 10.232.237.4510.232.237.45
4710.232.237.46/3210.232.237.46 – 10.232.237.4610.232.237.46
4810.232.237.47/3210.232.237.47 – 10.232.237.4710.232.237.47
4910.232.237.48/3210.232.237.48 – 10.232.237.4810.232.237.48
5010.232.237.49/3210.232.237.49 – 10.232.237.4910.232.237.49
5110.232.237.50/3210.232.237.50 – 10.232.237.5010.232.237.50
5210.232.237.51/3210.232.237.51 – 10.232.237.5110.232.237.51
5310.232.237.52/3210.232.237.52 – 10.232.237.5210.232.237.52
5410.232.237.53/3210.232.237.53 – 10.232.237.5310.232.237.53
5510.232.237.54/3210.232.237.54 – 10.232.237.5410.232.237.54
5610.232.237.55/3210.232.237.55 – 10.232.237.5510.232.237.55
5710.232.237.56/3210.232.237.56 – 10.232.237.5610.232.237.56
5810.232.237.57/3210.232.237.57 – 10.232.237.5710.232.237.57
5910.232.237.58/3210.232.237.58 – 10.232.237.5810.232.237.58
6010.232.237.59/3210.232.237.59 – 10.232.237.5910.232.237.59
6110.232.237.60/3210.232.237.60 – 10.232.237.6010.232.237.60
6210.232.237.61/3210.232.237.61 – 10.232.237.6110.232.237.61
6310.232.237.62/3210.232.237.62 – 10.232.237.6210.232.237.62
6410.232.237.63/3210.232.237.63 – 10.232.237.6310.232.237.63
6510.232.237.64/3210.232.237.64 – 10.232.237.6410.232.237.64
6610.232.237.65/3210.232.237.65 – 10.232.237.6510.232.237.65
6710.232.237.66/3210.232.237.66 – 10.232.237.6610.232.237.66
6810.232.237.67/3210.232.237.67 – 10.232.237.6710.232.237.67
6910.232.237.68/3210.232.237.68 – 10.232.237.6810.232.237.68
7010.232.237.69/3210.232.237.69 – 10.232.237.6910.232.237.69
7110.232.237.70/3210.232.237.70 – 10.232.237.7010.232.237.70
7210.232.237.71/3210.232.237.71 – 10.232.237.7110.232.237.71
7310.232.237.72/3210.232.237.72 – 10.232.237.7210.232.237.72
7410.232.237.73/3210.232.237.73 – 10.232.237.7310.232.237.73
7510.232.237.74/3210.232.237.74 – 10.232.237.7410.232.237.74
7610.232.237.75/3210.232.237.75 – 10.232.237.7510.232.237.75
7710.232.237.76/3210.232.237.76 – 10.232.237.7610.232.237.76
7810.232.237.77/3210.232.237.77 – 10.232.237.7710.232.237.77
7910.232.237.78/3210.232.237.78 – 10.232.237.7810.232.237.78
8010.232.237.79/3210.232.237.79 – 10.232.237.7910.232.237.79
8110.232.237.80/3210.232.237.80 – 10.232.237.8010.232.237.80
8210.232.237.81/3210.232.237.81 – 10.232.237.8110.232.237.81
8310.232.237.82/3210.232.237.82 – 10.232.237.8210.232.237.82
8410.232.237.83/3210.232.237.83 – 10.232.237.8310.232.237.83
8510.232.237.84/3210.232.237.84 – 10.232.237.8410.232.237.84
8610.232.237.85/3210.232.237.85 – 10.232.237.8510.232.237.85
8710.232.237.86/3210.232.237.86 – 10.232.237.8610.232.237.86
8810.232.237.87/3210.232.237.87 – 10.232.237.8710.232.237.87
8910.232.237.88/3210.232.237.88 – 10.232.237.8810.232.237.88
9010.232.237.89/3210.232.237.89 – 10.232.237.8910.232.237.89
9110.232.237.90/3210.232.237.90 – 10.232.237.9010.232.237.90
9210.232.237.91/3210.232.237.91 – 10.232.237.9110.232.237.91
9310.232.237.92/3210.232.237.92 – 10.232.237.9210.232.237.92
9410.232.237.93/3210.232.237.93 – 10.232.237.9310.232.237.93
9510.232.237.94/3210.232.237.94 – 10.232.237.9410.232.237.94
9610.232.237.95/3210.232.237.95 – 10.232.237.9510.232.237.95
9710.232.237.96/3210.232.237.96 – 10.232.237.9610.232.237.96
9810.232.237.97/3210.232.237.97 – 10.232.237.9710.232.237.97
9910.232.237.98/3210.232.237.98 – 10.232.237.9810.232.237.98
10010.232.237.99/3210.232.237.99 – 10.232.237.9910.232.237.99
10110.232.237.100/3210.232.237.100 – 10.232.237.10010.232.237.100
10210.232.237.101/3210.232.237.101 – 10.232.237.10110.232.237.101
10310.232.237.102/3210.232.237.102 – 10.232.237.10210.232.237.102
10410.232.237.103/3210.232.237.103 – 10.232.237.10310.232.237.103
10510.232.237.104/3210.232.237.104 – 10.232.237.10410.232.237.104
10610.232.237.105/3210.232.237.105 – 10.232.237.10510.232.237.105
10710.232.237.106/3210.232.237.106 – 10.232.237.10610.232.237.106
10810.232.237.107/3210.232.237.107 – 10.232.237.10710.232.237.107
10910.232.237.108/3210.232.237.108 – 10.232.237.10810.232.237.108
11010.232.237.109/3210.232.237.109 – 10.232.237.10910.232.237.109
11110.232.237.110/3210.232.237.110 – 10.232.237.11010.232.237.110
11210.232.237.111/3210.232.237.111 – 10.232.237.11110.232.237.111
11310.232.237.112/3210.232.237.112 – 10.232.237.11210.232.237.112
11410.232.237.113/3210.232.237.113 – 10.232.237.11310.232.237.113
11510.232.237.114/3210.232.237.114 – 10.232.237.11410.232.237.114
11610.232.237.115/3210.232.237.115 – 10.232.237.11510.232.237.115
11710.232.237.116/3210.232.237.116 – 10.232.237.11610.232.237.116
11810.232.237.117/3210.232.237.117 – 10.232.237.11710.232.237.117
11910.232.237.118/3210.232.237.118 – 10.232.237.11810.232.237.118
12010.232.237.119/3210.232.237.119 – 10.232.237.11910.232.237.119
12110.232.237.120/3210.232.237.120 – 10.232.237.12010.232.237.120
12210.232.237.121/3210.232.237.121 – 10.232.237.12110.232.237.121
12310.232.237.122/3210.232.237.122 – 10.232.237.12210.232.237.122
12410.232.237.123/3210.232.237.123 – 10.232.237.12310.232.237.123
12510.232.237.124/3210.232.237.124 – 10.232.237.12410.232.237.124
12610.232.237.125/3210.232.237.125 – 10.232.237.12510.232.237.125
12710.232.237.126/3210.232.237.126 – 10.232.237.12610.232.237.126
12810.232.237.127/3210.232.237.127 – 10.232.237.12710.232.237.127
12910.232.237.128/3210.232.237.128 – 10.232.237.12810.232.237.128
13010.232.237.129/3210.232.237.129 – 10.232.237.12910.232.237.129
13110.232.237.130/3210.232.237.130 – 10.232.237.13010.232.237.130
13210.232.237.131/3210.232.237.131 – 10.232.237.13110.232.237.131
13310.232.237.132/3210.232.237.132 – 10.232.237.13210.232.237.132
13410.232.237.133/3210.232.237.133 – 10.232.237.13310.232.237.133
13510.232.237.134/3210.232.237.134 – 10.232.237.13410.232.237.134
13610.232.237.135/3210.232.237.135 – 10.232.237.13510.232.237.135
13710.232.237.136/3210.232.237.136 – 10.232.237.13610.232.237.136
13810.232.237.137/3210.232.237.137 – 10.232.237.13710.232.237.137
13910.232.237.138/3210.232.237.138 – 10.232.237.13810.232.237.138
14010.232.237.139/3210.232.237.139 – 10.232.237.13910.232.237.139
14110.232.237.140/3210.232.237.140 – 10.232.237.14010.232.237.140
14210.232.237.141/3210.232.237.141 – 10.232.237.14110.232.237.141
14310.232.237.142/3210.232.237.142 – 10.232.237.14210.232.237.142
14410.232.237.143/3210.232.237.143 – 10.232.237.14310.232.237.143
14510.232.237.144/3210.232.237.144 – 10.232.237.14410.232.237.144
14610.232.237.145/3210.232.237.145 – 10.232.237.14510.232.237.145
14710.232.237.146/3210.232.237.146 – 10.232.237.14610.232.237.146
14810.232.237.147/3210.232.237.147 – 10.232.237.14710.232.237.147
14910.232.237.148/3210.232.237.148 – 10.232.237.14810.232.237.148
15010.232.237.149/3210.232.237.149 – 10.232.237.14910.232.237.149
15110.232.237.150/3210.232.237.150 – 10.232.237.15010.232.237.150
15210.232.237.151/3210.232.237.151 – 10.232.237.15110.232.237.151
15310.232.237.152/3210.232.237.152 – 10.232.237.15210.232.237.152
15410.232.237.153/3210.232.237.153 – 10.232.237.15310.232.237.153
15510.232.237.154/3210.232.237.154 – 10.232.237.15410.232.237.154
15610.232.237.155/3210.232.237.155 – 10.232.237.15510.232.237.155
15710.232.237.156/3210.232.237.156 – 10.232.237.15610.232.237.156
15810.232.237.157/3210.232.237.157 – 10.232.237.15710.232.237.157
15910.232.237.158/3210.232.237.158 – 10.232.237.15810.232.237.158
16010.232.237.159/3210.232.237.159 – 10.232.237.15910.232.237.159
16110.232.237.160/3210.232.237.160 – 10.232.237.16010.232.237.160
16210.232.237.161/3210.232.237.161 – 10.232.237.16110.232.237.161
16310.232.237.162/3210.232.237.162 – 10.232.237.16210.232.237.162
16410.232.237.163/3210.232.237.163 – 10.232.237.16310.232.237.163
16510.232.237.164/3210.232.237.164 – 10.232.237.16410.232.237.164
16610.232.237.165/3210.232.237.165 – 10.232.237.16510.232.237.165
16710.232.237.166/3210.232.237.166 – 10.232.237.16610.232.237.166
16810.232.237.167/3210.232.237.167 – 10.232.237.16710.232.237.167
16910.232.237.168/3210.232.237.168 – 10.232.237.16810.232.237.168
17010.232.237.169/3210.232.237.169 – 10.232.237.16910.232.237.169
17110.232.237.170/3210.232.237.170 – 10.232.237.17010.232.237.170
17210.232.237.171/3210.232.237.171 – 10.232.237.17110.232.237.171
17310.232.237.172/3210.232.237.172 – 10.232.237.17210.232.237.172
17410.232.237.173/3210.232.237.173 – 10.232.237.17310.232.237.173
17510.232.237.174/3210.232.237.174 – 10.232.237.17410.232.237.174
17610.232.237.175/3210.232.237.175 – 10.232.237.17510.232.237.175
17710.232.237.176/3210.232.237.176 – 10.232.237.17610.232.237.176
17810.232.237.177/3210.232.237.177 – 10.232.237.17710.232.237.177
17910.232.237.178/3210.232.237.178 – 10.232.237.17810.232.237.178
18010.232.237.179/3210.232.237.179 – 10.232.237.17910.232.237.179
18110.232.237.180/3210.232.237.180 – 10.232.237.18010.232.237.180
18210.232.237.181/3210.232.237.181 – 10.232.237.18110.232.237.181
18310.232.237.182/3210.232.237.182 – 10.232.237.18210.232.237.182
18410.232.237.183/3210.232.237.183 – 10.232.237.18310.232.237.183
18510.232.237.184/3210.232.237.184 – 10.232.237.18410.232.237.184
18610.232.237.185/3210.232.237.185 – 10.232.237.18510.232.237.185
18710.232.237.186/3210.232.237.186 – 10.232.237.18610.232.237.186
18810.232.237.187/3210.232.237.187 – 10.232.237.18710.232.237.187
18910.232.237.188/3210.232.237.188 – 10.232.237.18810.232.237.188
19010.232.237.189/3210.232.237.189 – 10.232.237.18910.232.237.189
19110.232.237.190/3210.232.237.190 – 10.232.237.19010.232.237.190
19210.232.237.191/3210.232.237.191 – 10.232.237.19110.232.237.191
19310.232.237.192/3210.232.237.192 – 10.232.237.19210.232.237.192
19410.232.237.193/3210.232.237.193 – 10.232.237.19310.232.237.193
19510.232.237.194/3210.232.237.194 – 10.232.237.19410.232.237.194
19610.232.237.195/3210.232.237.195 – 10.232.237.19510.232.237.195
19710.232.237.196/3210.232.237.196 – 10.232.237.19610.232.237.196
19810.232.237.197/3210.232.237.197 – 10.232.237.19710.232.237.197
19910.232.237.198/3210.232.237.198 – 10.232.237.19810.232.237.198
20010.232.237.199/3210.232.237.199 – 10.232.237.19910.232.237.199
20110.232.237.200/3210.232.237.200 – 10.232.237.20010.232.237.200
20210.232.237.201/3210.232.237.201 – 10.232.237.20110.232.237.201
20310.232.237.202/3210.232.237.202 – 10.232.237.20210.232.237.202
20410.232.237.203/3210.232.237.203 – 10.232.237.20310.232.237.203
20510.232.237.204/3210.232.237.204 – 10.232.237.20410.232.237.204
20610.232.237.205/3210.232.237.205 – 10.232.237.20510.232.237.205
20710.232.237.206/3210.232.237.206 – 10.232.237.20610.232.237.206
20810.232.237.207/3210.232.237.207 – 10.232.237.20710.232.237.207
20910.232.237.208/3210.232.237.208 – 10.232.237.20810.232.237.208
21010.232.237.209/3210.232.237.209 – 10.232.237.20910.232.237.209
21110.232.237.210/3210.232.237.210 – 10.232.237.21010.232.237.210
21210.232.237.211/3210.232.237.211 – 10.232.237.21110.232.237.211
21310.232.237.212/3210.232.237.212 – 10.232.237.21210.232.237.212
21410.232.237.213/3210.232.237.213 – 10.232.237.21310.232.237.213
21510.232.237.214/3210.232.237.214 – 10.232.237.21410.232.237.214
21610.232.237.215/3210.232.237.215 – 10.232.237.21510.232.237.215
21710.232.237.216/3210.232.237.216 – 10.232.237.21610.232.237.216
21810.232.237.217/3210.232.237.217 – 10.232.237.21710.232.237.217
21910.232.237.218/3210.232.237.218 – 10.232.237.21810.232.237.218
22010.232.237.219/3210.232.237.219 – 10.232.237.21910.232.237.219
22110.232.237.220/3210.232.237.220 – 10.232.237.22010.232.237.220
22210.232.237.221/3210.232.237.221 – 10.232.237.22110.232.237.221
22310.232.237.222/3210.232.237.222 – 10.232.237.22210.232.237.222
22410.232.237.223/3210.232.237.223 – 10.232.237.22310.232.237.223
22510.232.237.224/3210.232.237.224 – 10.232.237.22410.232.237.224
22610.232.237.225/3210.232.237.225 – 10.232.237.22510.232.237.225
22710.232.237.226/3210.232.237.226 – 10.232.237.22610.232.237.226
22810.232.237.227/3210.232.237.227 – 10.232.237.22710.232.237.227
22910.232.237.228/3210.232.237.228 – 10.232.237.22810.232.237.228
23010.232.237.229/3210.232.237.229 – 10.232.237.22910.232.237.229
23110.232.237.230/3210.232.237.230 – 10.232.237.23010.232.237.230
23210.232.237.231/3210.232.237.231 – 10.232.237.23110.232.237.231
23310.232.237.232/3210.232.237.232 – 10.232.237.23210.232.237.232
23410.232.237.233/3210.232.237.233 – 10.232.237.23310.232.237.233
23510.232.237.234/3210.232.237.234 – 10.232.237.23410.232.237.234
23610.232.237.235/3210.232.237.235 – 10.232.237.23510.232.237.235
23710.232.237.236/3210.232.237.236 – 10.232.237.23610.232.237.236
23810.232.237.237/3210.232.237.237 – 10.232.237.23710.232.237.237
23910.232.237.238/3210.232.237.238 – 10.232.237.23810.232.237.238
24010.232.237.239/3210.232.237.239 – 10.232.237.23910.232.237.239
24110.232.237.240/3210.232.237.240 – 10.232.237.24010.232.237.240
24210.232.237.241/3210.232.237.241 – 10.232.237.24110.232.237.241
24310.232.237.242/3210.232.237.242 – 10.232.237.24210.232.237.242
24410.232.237.243/3210.232.237.243 – 10.232.237.24310.232.237.243
24510.232.237.244/3210.232.237.244 – 10.232.237.24410.232.237.244
24610.232.237.245/3210.232.237.245 – 10.232.237.24510.232.237.245
24710.232.237.246/3210.232.237.246 – 10.232.237.24610.232.237.246
24810.232.237.247/3210.232.237.247 – 10.232.237.24710.232.237.247
24910.232.237.248/3210.232.237.248 – 10.232.237.24810.232.237.248
25010.232.237.249/3210.232.237.249 – 10.232.237.24910.232.237.249
25110.232.237.250/3210.232.237.250 – 10.232.237.25010.232.237.250
25210.232.237.251/3210.232.237.251 – 10.232.237.25110.232.237.251
25310.232.237.252/3210.232.237.252 – 10.232.237.25210.232.237.252
25410.232.237.253/3210.232.237.253 – 10.232.237.25310.232.237.253
25510.232.237.254/3210.232.237.254 – 10.232.237.25410.232.237.254
25610.232.237.255/3210.232.237.255 – 10.232.237.25510.232.237.255
01 / table

IPv4 CIDR prefix table.

Click a prefix longer than your network to split it into subnets.

prefixsubnet maskaddresseshostsin your /24
/00.0.0.04,294,967,2964,294,967,294-
/1128.0.0.02,147,483,6482,147,483,646-
/2192.0.0.01,073,741,8241,073,741,822-
/3224.0.0.0536,870,912536,870,910-
/4240.0.0.0268,435,456268,435,454-
/5248.0.0.0134,217,728134,217,726-
/6252.0.0.067,108,86467,108,862-
/7254.0.0.033,554,43233,554,430-
/8255.0.0.016,777,21616,777,214-
/9255.128.0.08,388,6088,388,606-
/10255.192.0.04,194,3044,194,302-
/11255.224.0.02,097,1522,097,150-
/12255.240.0.01,048,5761,048,574-
/13255.248.0.0524,288524,286-
/14255.252.0.0262,144262,142-
/15255.254.0.0131,072131,070-
/16255.255.0.065,53665,534-
/17255.255.128.032,76832,766-
/18255.255.192.016,38416,382-
/19255.255.224.08,1928,190-
/20255.255.240.04,0964,094-
/21255.255.248.02,0482,046-
/22255.255.252.01,0241,022-
/23255.255.254.0512510-
/24255.255.255.02562541
/25255.255.255.1281281262 split →
/26255.255.255.19264624 split →
/27255.255.255.22432308 split →
/28255.255.255.240161416 split →
/29255.255.255.2488632 split →
/30255.255.255.2524264 split →
/31255.255.255.25422128 split →
/32255.255.255.25511256 split →
02 / faq

About this calculator.

How do I use this subnet calculator?

▼

Type an IP address followed by a prefix, like 192.168.1.10/24, or by a subnet mask, like 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0. Without a prefix it uses /24. Click a row in the table to split the network into smaller subnets.

Why are usable hosts always 2 fewer?

▼

The first address in a subnet is the network address and the last is the broadcast address, so neither can go to a device. The exceptions are /31 (point-to-point links, RFC 3021) and /32 (a single address), which use every address.

Can I use it from a terminal?

▼

Yes. curl 'ipku.in/en/tools/ipv4-subnet-calculator?q=192.168.1.10/24' returns the result as plain text.

Learn how to work it out →