ip
ipku.in

IPv4 Subnet Calculator

Enter an IP with a CIDR prefix or a subnet mask to see its network, broadcast, host range, and host count. You can also split the network into smaller subnets.

$ ipcalc
private IP (RFC 1918)10.232.236.0/24
network10.232.236.0/24
broadcast10.232.236.255
first host10.232.236.1
last host10.232.236.254
subnet mask255.255.255.0
wildcard0.0.0.255
addresses256
usable hosts254
classA
ipcalc 10.232.236.0/24
address00001010.11101000.11101100.00000000
subnet mask11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
network00001010.11101000.11101100.00000000
broadcast00001010.11101000.11101100.11111111
green = network part, grey = host part
hex0x0ae8ec00
decimal183036928
reverse dns0.236.232.10.in-addr.arpa
ipv4-mapped::ffff:ae8:ec00

/24 split into /32 · 256 subnets

close ×
#networkhost rangebroadcast
110.232.236.0/3210.232.236.0 – 10.232.236.010.232.236.0
210.232.236.1/3210.232.236.1 – 10.232.236.110.232.236.1
310.232.236.2/3210.232.236.2 – 10.232.236.210.232.236.2
410.232.236.3/3210.232.236.3 – 10.232.236.310.232.236.3
510.232.236.4/3210.232.236.4 – 10.232.236.410.232.236.4
610.232.236.5/3210.232.236.5 – 10.232.236.510.232.236.5
710.232.236.6/3210.232.236.6 – 10.232.236.610.232.236.6
810.232.236.7/3210.232.236.7 – 10.232.236.710.232.236.7
910.232.236.8/3210.232.236.8 – 10.232.236.810.232.236.8
1010.232.236.9/3210.232.236.9 – 10.232.236.910.232.236.9
1110.232.236.10/3210.232.236.10 – 10.232.236.1010.232.236.10
1210.232.236.11/3210.232.236.11 – 10.232.236.1110.232.236.11
1310.232.236.12/3210.232.236.12 – 10.232.236.1210.232.236.12
1410.232.236.13/3210.232.236.13 – 10.232.236.1310.232.236.13
1510.232.236.14/3210.232.236.14 – 10.232.236.1410.232.236.14
1610.232.236.15/3210.232.236.15 – 10.232.236.1510.232.236.15
1710.232.236.16/3210.232.236.16 – 10.232.236.1610.232.236.16
1810.232.236.17/3210.232.236.17 – 10.232.236.1710.232.236.17
1910.232.236.18/3210.232.236.18 – 10.232.236.1810.232.236.18
2010.232.236.19/3210.232.236.19 – 10.232.236.1910.232.236.19
2110.232.236.20/3210.232.236.20 – 10.232.236.2010.232.236.20
2210.232.236.21/3210.232.236.21 – 10.232.236.2110.232.236.21
2310.232.236.22/3210.232.236.22 – 10.232.236.2210.232.236.22
2410.232.236.23/3210.232.236.23 – 10.232.236.2310.232.236.23
2510.232.236.24/3210.232.236.24 – 10.232.236.2410.232.236.24
2610.232.236.25/3210.232.236.25 – 10.232.236.2510.232.236.25
2710.232.236.26/3210.232.236.26 – 10.232.236.2610.232.236.26
2810.232.236.27/3210.232.236.27 – 10.232.236.2710.232.236.27
2910.232.236.28/3210.232.236.28 – 10.232.236.2810.232.236.28
3010.232.236.29/3210.232.236.29 – 10.232.236.2910.232.236.29
3110.232.236.30/3210.232.236.30 – 10.232.236.3010.232.236.30
3210.232.236.31/3210.232.236.31 – 10.232.236.3110.232.236.31
3310.232.236.32/3210.232.236.32 – 10.232.236.3210.232.236.32
3410.232.236.33/3210.232.236.33 – 10.232.236.3310.232.236.33
3510.232.236.34/3210.232.236.34 – 10.232.236.3410.232.236.34
3610.232.236.35/3210.232.236.35 – 10.232.236.3510.232.236.35
3710.232.236.36/3210.232.236.36 – 10.232.236.3610.232.236.36
3810.232.236.37/3210.232.236.37 – 10.232.236.3710.232.236.37
3910.232.236.38/3210.232.236.38 – 10.232.236.3810.232.236.38
4010.232.236.39/3210.232.236.39 – 10.232.236.3910.232.236.39
4110.232.236.40/3210.232.236.40 – 10.232.236.4010.232.236.40
4210.232.236.41/3210.232.236.41 – 10.232.236.4110.232.236.41
4310.232.236.42/3210.232.236.42 – 10.232.236.4210.232.236.42
4410.232.236.43/3210.232.236.43 – 10.232.236.4310.232.236.43
4510.232.236.44/3210.232.236.44 – 10.232.236.4410.232.236.44
4610.232.236.45/3210.232.236.45 – 10.232.236.4510.232.236.45
4710.232.236.46/3210.232.236.46 – 10.232.236.4610.232.236.46
4810.232.236.47/3210.232.236.47 – 10.232.236.4710.232.236.47
4910.232.236.48/3210.232.236.48 – 10.232.236.4810.232.236.48
5010.232.236.49/3210.232.236.49 – 10.232.236.4910.232.236.49
5110.232.236.50/3210.232.236.50 – 10.232.236.5010.232.236.50
5210.232.236.51/3210.232.236.51 – 10.232.236.5110.232.236.51
5310.232.236.52/3210.232.236.52 – 10.232.236.5210.232.236.52
5410.232.236.53/3210.232.236.53 – 10.232.236.5310.232.236.53
5510.232.236.54/3210.232.236.54 – 10.232.236.5410.232.236.54
5610.232.236.55/3210.232.236.55 – 10.232.236.5510.232.236.55
5710.232.236.56/3210.232.236.56 – 10.232.236.5610.232.236.56
5810.232.236.57/3210.232.236.57 – 10.232.236.5710.232.236.57
5910.232.236.58/3210.232.236.58 – 10.232.236.5810.232.236.58
6010.232.236.59/3210.232.236.59 – 10.232.236.5910.232.236.59
6110.232.236.60/3210.232.236.60 – 10.232.236.6010.232.236.60
6210.232.236.61/3210.232.236.61 – 10.232.236.6110.232.236.61
6310.232.236.62/3210.232.236.62 – 10.232.236.6210.232.236.62
6410.232.236.63/3210.232.236.63 – 10.232.236.6310.232.236.63
6510.232.236.64/3210.232.236.64 – 10.232.236.6410.232.236.64
6610.232.236.65/3210.232.236.65 – 10.232.236.6510.232.236.65
6710.232.236.66/3210.232.236.66 – 10.232.236.6610.232.236.66
6810.232.236.67/3210.232.236.67 – 10.232.236.6710.232.236.67
6910.232.236.68/3210.232.236.68 – 10.232.236.6810.232.236.68
7010.232.236.69/3210.232.236.69 – 10.232.236.6910.232.236.69
7110.232.236.70/3210.232.236.70 – 10.232.236.7010.232.236.70
7210.232.236.71/3210.232.236.71 – 10.232.236.7110.232.236.71
7310.232.236.72/3210.232.236.72 – 10.232.236.7210.232.236.72
7410.232.236.73/3210.232.236.73 – 10.232.236.7310.232.236.73
7510.232.236.74/3210.232.236.74 – 10.232.236.7410.232.236.74
7610.232.236.75/3210.232.236.75 – 10.232.236.7510.232.236.75
7710.232.236.76/3210.232.236.76 – 10.232.236.7610.232.236.76
7810.232.236.77/3210.232.236.77 – 10.232.236.7710.232.236.77
7910.232.236.78/3210.232.236.78 – 10.232.236.7810.232.236.78
8010.232.236.79/3210.232.236.79 – 10.232.236.7910.232.236.79
8110.232.236.80/3210.232.236.80 – 10.232.236.8010.232.236.80
8210.232.236.81/3210.232.236.81 – 10.232.236.8110.232.236.81
8310.232.236.82/3210.232.236.82 – 10.232.236.8210.232.236.82
8410.232.236.83/3210.232.236.83 – 10.232.236.8310.232.236.83
8510.232.236.84/3210.232.236.84 – 10.232.236.8410.232.236.84
8610.232.236.85/3210.232.236.85 – 10.232.236.8510.232.236.85
8710.232.236.86/3210.232.236.86 – 10.232.236.8610.232.236.86
8810.232.236.87/3210.232.236.87 – 10.232.236.8710.232.236.87
8910.232.236.88/3210.232.236.88 – 10.232.236.8810.232.236.88
9010.232.236.89/3210.232.236.89 – 10.232.236.8910.232.236.89
9110.232.236.90/3210.232.236.90 – 10.232.236.9010.232.236.90
9210.232.236.91/3210.232.236.91 – 10.232.236.9110.232.236.91
9310.232.236.92/3210.232.236.92 – 10.232.236.9210.232.236.92
9410.232.236.93/3210.232.236.93 – 10.232.236.9310.232.236.93
9510.232.236.94/3210.232.236.94 – 10.232.236.9410.232.236.94
9610.232.236.95/3210.232.236.95 – 10.232.236.9510.232.236.95
9710.232.236.96/3210.232.236.96 – 10.232.236.9610.232.236.96
9810.232.236.97/3210.232.236.97 – 10.232.236.9710.232.236.97
9910.232.236.98/3210.232.236.98 – 10.232.236.9810.232.236.98
10010.232.236.99/3210.232.236.99 – 10.232.236.9910.232.236.99
10110.232.236.100/3210.232.236.100 – 10.232.236.10010.232.236.100
10210.232.236.101/3210.232.236.101 – 10.232.236.10110.232.236.101
10310.232.236.102/3210.232.236.102 – 10.232.236.10210.232.236.102
10410.232.236.103/3210.232.236.103 – 10.232.236.10310.232.236.103
10510.232.236.104/3210.232.236.104 – 10.232.236.10410.232.236.104
10610.232.236.105/3210.232.236.105 – 10.232.236.10510.232.236.105
10710.232.236.106/3210.232.236.106 – 10.232.236.10610.232.236.106
10810.232.236.107/3210.232.236.107 – 10.232.236.10710.232.236.107
10910.232.236.108/3210.232.236.108 – 10.232.236.10810.232.236.108
11010.232.236.109/3210.232.236.109 – 10.232.236.10910.232.236.109
11110.232.236.110/3210.232.236.110 – 10.232.236.11010.232.236.110
11210.232.236.111/3210.232.236.111 – 10.232.236.11110.232.236.111
11310.232.236.112/3210.232.236.112 – 10.232.236.11210.232.236.112
11410.232.236.113/3210.232.236.113 – 10.232.236.11310.232.236.113
11510.232.236.114/3210.232.236.114 – 10.232.236.11410.232.236.114
11610.232.236.115/3210.232.236.115 – 10.232.236.11510.232.236.115
11710.232.236.116/3210.232.236.116 – 10.232.236.11610.232.236.116
11810.232.236.117/3210.232.236.117 – 10.232.236.11710.232.236.117
11910.232.236.118/3210.232.236.118 – 10.232.236.11810.232.236.118
12010.232.236.119/3210.232.236.119 – 10.232.236.11910.232.236.119
12110.232.236.120/3210.232.236.120 – 10.232.236.12010.232.236.120
12210.232.236.121/3210.232.236.121 – 10.232.236.12110.232.236.121
12310.232.236.122/3210.232.236.122 – 10.232.236.12210.232.236.122
12410.232.236.123/3210.232.236.123 – 10.232.236.12310.232.236.123
12510.232.236.124/3210.232.236.124 – 10.232.236.12410.232.236.124
12610.232.236.125/3210.232.236.125 – 10.232.236.12510.232.236.125
12710.232.236.126/3210.232.236.126 – 10.232.236.12610.232.236.126
12810.232.236.127/3210.232.236.127 – 10.232.236.12710.232.236.127
12910.232.236.128/3210.232.236.128 – 10.232.236.12810.232.236.128
13010.232.236.129/3210.232.236.129 – 10.232.236.12910.232.236.129
13110.232.236.130/3210.232.236.130 – 10.232.236.13010.232.236.130
13210.232.236.131/3210.232.236.131 – 10.232.236.13110.232.236.131
13310.232.236.132/3210.232.236.132 – 10.232.236.13210.232.236.132
13410.232.236.133/3210.232.236.133 – 10.232.236.13310.232.236.133
13510.232.236.134/3210.232.236.134 – 10.232.236.13410.232.236.134
13610.232.236.135/3210.232.236.135 – 10.232.236.13510.232.236.135
13710.232.236.136/3210.232.236.136 – 10.232.236.13610.232.236.136
13810.232.236.137/3210.232.236.137 – 10.232.236.13710.232.236.137
13910.232.236.138/3210.232.236.138 – 10.232.236.13810.232.236.138
14010.232.236.139/3210.232.236.139 – 10.232.236.13910.232.236.139
14110.232.236.140/3210.232.236.140 – 10.232.236.14010.232.236.140
14210.232.236.141/3210.232.236.141 – 10.232.236.14110.232.236.141
14310.232.236.142/3210.232.236.142 – 10.232.236.14210.232.236.142
14410.232.236.143/3210.232.236.143 – 10.232.236.14310.232.236.143
14510.232.236.144/3210.232.236.144 – 10.232.236.14410.232.236.144
14610.232.236.145/3210.232.236.145 – 10.232.236.14510.232.236.145
14710.232.236.146/3210.232.236.146 – 10.232.236.14610.232.236.146
14810.232.236.147/3210.232.236.147 – 10.232.236.14710.232.236.147
14910.232.236.148/3210.232.236.148 – 10.232.236.14810.232.236.148
15010.232.236.149/3210.232.236.149 – 10.232.236.14910.232.236.149
15110.232.236.150/3210.232.236.150 – 10.232.236.15010.232.236.150
15210.232.236.151/3210.232.236.151 – 10.232.236.15110.232.236.151
15310.232.236.152/3210.232.236.152 – 10.232.236.15210.232.236.152
15410.232.236.153/3210.232.236.153 – 10.232.236.15310.232.236.153
15510.232.236.154/3210.232.236.154 – 10.232.236.15410.232.236.154
15610.232.236.155/3210.232.236.155 – 10.232.236.15510.232.236.155
15710.232.236.156/3210.232.236.156 – 10.232.236.15610.232.236.156
15810.232.236.157/3210.232.236.157 – 10.232.236.15710.232.236.157
15910.232.236.158/3210.232.236.158 – 10.232.236.15810.232.236.158
16010.232.236.159/3210.232.236.159 – 10.232.236.15910.232.236.159
16110.232.236.160/3210.232.236.160 – 10.232.236.16010.232.236.160
16210.232.236.161/3210.232.236.161 – 10.232.236.16110.232.236.161
16310.232.236.162/3210.232.236.162 – 10.232.236.16210.232.236.162
16410.232.236.163/3210.232.236.163 – 10.232.236.16310.232.236.163
16510.232.236.164/3210.232.236.164 – 10.232.236.16410.232.236.164
16610.232.236.165/3210.232.236.165 – 10.232.236.16510.232.236.165
16710.232.236.166/3210.232.236.166 – 10.232.236.16610.232.236.166
16810.232.236.167/3210.232.236.167 – 10.232.236.16710.232.236.167
16910.232.236.168/3210.232.236.168 – 10.232.236.16810.232.236.168
17010.232.236.169/3210.232.236.169 – 10.232.236.16910.232.236.169
17110.232.236.170/3210.232.236.170 – 10.232.236.17010.232.236.170
17210.232.236.171/3210.232.236.171 – 10.232.236.17110.232.236.171
17310.232.236.172/3210.232.236.172 – 10.232.236.17210.232.236.172
17410.232.236.173/3210.232.236.173 – 10.232.236.17310.232.236.173
17510.232.236.174/3210.232.236.174 – 10.232.236.17410.232.236.174
17610.232.236.175/3210.232.236.175 – 10.232.236.17510.232.236.175
17710.232.236.176/3210.232.236.176 – 10.232.236.17610.232.236.176
17810.232.236.177/3210.232.236.177 – 10.232.236.17710.232.236.177
17910.232.236.178/3210.232.236.178 – 10.232.236.17810.232.236.178
18010.232.236.179/3210.232.236.179 – 10.232.236.17910.232.236.179
18110.232.236.180/3210.232.236.180 – 10.232.236.18010.232.236.180
18210.232.236.181/3210.232.236.181 – 10.232.236.18110.232.236.181
18310.232.236.182/3210.232.236.182 – 10.232.236.18210.232.236.182
18410.232.236.183/3210.232.236.183 – 10.232.236.18310.232.236.183
18510.232.236.184/3210.232.236.184 – 10.232.236.18410.232.236.184
18610.232.236.185/3210.232.236.185 – 10.232.236.18510.232.236.185
18710.232.236.186/3210.232.236.186 – 10.232.236.18610.232.236.186
18810.232.236.187/3210.232.236.187 – 10.232.236.18710.232.236.187
18910.232.236.188/3210.232.236.188 – 10.232.236.18810.232.236.188
19010.232.236.189/3210.232.236.189 – 10.232.236.18910.232.236.189
19110.232.236.190/3210.232.236.190 – 10.232.236.19010.232.236.190
19210.232.236.191/3210.232.236.191 – 10.232.236.19110.232.236.191
19310.232.236.192/3210.232.236.192 – 10.232.236.19210.232.236.192
19410.232.236.193/3210.232.236.193 – 10.232.236.19310.232.236.193
19510.232.236.194/3210.232.236.194 – 10.232.236.19410.232.236.194
19610.232.236.195/3210.232.236.195 – 10.232.236.19510.232.236.195
19710.232.236.196/3210.232.236.196 – 10.232.236.19610.232.236.196
19810.232.236.197/3210.232.236.197 – 10.232.236.19710.232.236.197
19910.232.236.198/3210.232.236.198 – 10.232.236.19810.232.236.198
20010.232.236.199/3210.232.236.199 – 10.232.236.19910.232.236.199
20110.232.236.200/3210.232.236.200 – 10.232.236.20010.232.236.200
20210.232.236.201/3210.232.236.201 – 10.232.236.20110.232.236.201
20310.232.236.202/3210.232.236.202 – 10.232.236.20210.232.236.202
20410.232.236.203/3210.232.236.203 – 10.232.236.20310.232.236.203
20510.232.236.204/3210.232.236.204 – 10.232.236.20410.232.236.204
20610.232.236.205/3210.232.236.205 – 10.232.236.20510.232.236.205
20710.232.236.206/3210.232.236.206 – 10.232.236.20610.232.236.206
20810.232.236.207/3210.232.236.207 – 10.232.236.20710.232.236.207
20910.232.236.208/3210.232.236.208 – 10.232.236.20810.232.236.208
21010.232.236.209/3210.232.236.209 – 10.232.236.20910.232.236.209
21110.232.236.210/3210.232.236.210 – 10.232.236.21010.232.236.210
21210.232.236.211/3210.232.236.211 – 10.232.236.21110.232.236.211
21310.232.236.212/3210.232.236.212 – 10.232.236.21210.232.236.212
21410.232.236.213/3210.232.236.213 – 10.232.236.21310.232.236.213
21510.232.236.214/3210.232.236.214 – 10.232.236.21410.232.236.214
21610.232.236.215/3210.232.236.215 – 10.232.236.21510.232.236.215
21710.232.236.216/3210.232.236.216 – 10.232.236.21610.232.236.216
21810.232.236.217/3210.232.236.217 – 10.232.236.21710.232.236.217
21910.232.236.218/3210.232.236.218 – 10.232.236.21810.232.236.218
22010.232.236.219/3210.232.236.219 – 10.232.236.21910.232.236.219
22110.232.236.220/3210.232.236.220 – 10.232.236.22010.232.236.220
22210.232.236.221/3210.232.236.221 – 10.232.236.22110.232.236.221
22310.232.236.222/3210.232.236.222 – 10.232.236.22210.232.236.222
22410.232.236.223/3210.232.236.223 – 10.232.236.22310.232.236.223
22510.232.236.224/3210.232.236.224 – 10.232.236.22410.232.236.224
22610.232.236.225/3210.232.236.225 – 10.232.236.22510.232.236.225
22710.232.236.226/3210.232.236.226 – 10.232.236.22610.232.236.226
22810.232.236.227/3210.232.236.227 – 10.232.236.22710.232.236.227
22910.232.236.228/3210.232.236.228 – 10.232.236.22810.232.236.228
23010.232.236.229/3210.232.236.229 – 10.232.236.22910.232.236.229
23110.232.236.230/3210.232.236.230 – 10.232.236.23010.232.236.230
23210.232.236.231/3210.232.236.231 – 10.232.236.23110.232.236.231
23310.232.236.232/3210.232.236.232 – 10.232.236.23210.232.236.232
23410.232.236.233/3210.232.236.233 – 10.232.236.23310.232.236.233
23510.232.236.234/3210.232.236.234 – 10.232.236.23410.232.236.234
23610.232.236.235/3210.232.236.235 – 10.232.236.23510.232.236.235
23710.232.236.236/3210.232.236.236 – 10.232.236.23610.232.236.236
23810.232.236.237/3210.232.236.237 – 10.232.236.23710.232.236.237
23910.232.236.238/3210.232.236.238 – 10.232.236.23810.232.236.238
24010.232.236.239/3210.232.236.239 – 10.232.236.23910.232.236.239
24110.232.236.240/3210.232.236.240 – 10.232.236.24010.232.236.240
24210.232.236.241/3210.232.236.241 – 10.232.236.24110.232.236.241
24310.232.236.242/3210.232.236.242 – 10.232.236.24210.232.236.242
24410.232.236.243/3210.232.236.243 – 10.232.236.24310.232.236.243
24510.232.236.244/3210.232.236.244 – 10.232.236.24410.232.236.244
24610.232.236.245/3210.232.236.245 – 10.232.236.24510.232.236.245
24710.232.236.246/3210.232.236.246 – 10.232.236.24610.232.236.246
24810.232.236.247/3210.232.236.247 – 10.232.236.24710.232.236.247
24910.232.236.248/3210.232.236.248 – 10.232.236.24810.232.236.248
25010.232.236.249/3210.232.236.249 – 10.232.236.24910.232.236.249
25110.232.236.250/3210.232.236.250 – 10.232.236.25010.232.236.250
25210.232.236.251/3210.232.236.251 – 10.232.236.25110.232.236.251
25310.232.236.252/3210.232.236.252 – 10.232.236.25210.232.236.252
25410.232.236.253/3210.232.236.253 – 10.232.236.25310.232.236.253
25510.232.236.254/3210.232.236.254 – 10.232.236.25410.232.236.254
25610.232.236.255/3210.232.236.255 – 10.232.236.25510.232.236.255
01 / table

IPv4 CIDR prefix table.

Click a prefix longer than your network to split it into subnets.

prefixsubnet maskaddresseshostsin your /24
/00.0.0.04,294,967,2964,294,967,294-
/1128.0.0.02,147,483,6482,147,483,646-
/2192.0.0.01,073,741,8241,073,741,822-
/3224.0.0.0536,870,912536,870,910-
/4240.0.0.0268,435,456268,435,454-
/5248.0.0.0134,217,728134,217,726-
/6252.0.0.067,108,86467,108,862-
/7254.0.0.033,554,43233,554,430-
/8255.0.0.016,777,21616,777,214-
/9255.128.0.08,388,6088,388,606-
/10255.192.0.04,194,3044,194,302-
/11255.224.0.02,097,1522,097,150-
/12255.240.0.01,048,5761,048,574-
/13255.248.0.0524,288524,286-
/14255.252.0.0262,144262,142-
/15255.254.0.0131,072131,070-
/16255.255.0.065,53665,534-
/17255.255.128.032,76832,766-
/18255.255.192.016,38416,382-
/19255.255.224.08,1928,190-
/20255.255.240.04,0964,094-
/21255.255.248.02,0482,046-
/22255.255.252.01,0241,022-
/23255.255.254.0512510-
/24255.255.255.02562541
/25255.255.255.1281281262 split →
/26255.255.255.19264624 split →
/27255.255.255.22432308 split →
/28255.255.255.240161416 split →
/29255.255.255.2488632 split →
/30255.255.255.2524264 split →
/31255.255.255.25422128 split →
/32255.255.255.25511256 split →
02 / faq

About this calculator.

How do I use this subnet calculator?

▼

Type an IP address followed by a prefix, like 192.168.1.10/24, or by a subnet mask, like 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0. Without a prefix it uses /24. Click a row in the table to split the network into smaller subnets.

Why are usable hosts always 2 fewer?

▼

The first address in a subnet is the network address and the last is the broadcast address, so neither can go to a device. The exceptions are /31 (point-to-point links, RFC 3021) and /32 (a single address), which use every address.

Can I use it from a terminal?

▼

Yes. curl 'ipku.in/en/tools/ipv4-subnet-calculator?q=192.168.1.10/24' returns the result as plain text.

Learn how to work it out →