ip
ipku.in

IPv4 Subnet Calculator

Enter an IP with a CIDR prefix or a subnet mask to see its network, broadcast, host range, and host count. You can also split the network into smaller subnets.

$ ipcalc
private IP (RFC 1918)10.232.196.0/24
network10.232.196.0/24
broadcast10.232.196.255
first host10.232.196.1
last host10.232.196.254
subnet mask255.255.255.0
wildcard0.0.0.255
addresses256
usable hosts254
classA
ipcalc 10.232.196.0/24
address00001010.11101000.11000100.00000000
subnet mask11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
network00001010.11101000.11000100.00000000
broadcast00001010.11101000.11000100.11111111
green = network part, grey = host part
hex0x0ae8c400
decimal183026688
reverse dns0.196.232.10.in-addr.arpa
ipv4-mapped::ffff:ae8:c400

/24 split into /32 · 256 subnets

close ×
#networkhost rangebroadcast
110.232.196.0/3210.232.196.0 – 10.232.196.010.232.196.0
210.232.196.1/3210.232.196.1 – 10.232.196.110.232.196.1
310.232.196.2/3210.232.196.2 – 10.232.196.210.232.196.2
410.232.196.3/3210.232.196.3 – 10.232.196.310.232.196.3
510.232.196.4/3210.232.196.4 – 10.232.196.410.232.196.4
610.232.196.5/3210.232.196.5 – 10.232.196.510.232.196.5
710.232.196.6/3210.232.196.6 – 10.232.196.610.232.196.6
810.232.196.7/3210.232.196.7 – 10.232.196.710.232.196.7
910.232.196.8/3210.232.196.8 – 10.232.196.810.232.196.8
1010.232.196.9/3210.232.196.9 – 10.232.196.910.232.196.9
1110.232.196.10/3210.232.196.10 – 10.232.196.1010.232.196.10
1210.232.196.11/3210.232.196.11 – 10.232.196.1110.232.196.11
1310.232.196.12/3210.232.196.12 – 10.232.196.1210.232.196.12
1410.232.196.13/3210.232.196.13 – 10.232.196.1310.232.196.13
1510.232.196.14/3210.232.196.14 – 10.232.196.1410.232.196.14
1610.232.196.15/3210.232.196.15 – 10.232.196.1510.232.196.15
1710.232.196.16/3210.232.196.16 – 10.232.196.1610.232.196.16
1810.232.196.17/3210.232.196.17 – 10.232.196.1710.232.196.17
1910.232.196.18/3210.232.196.18 – 10.232.196.1810.232.196.18
2010.232.196.19/3210.232.196.19 – 10.232.196.1910.232.196.19
2110.232.196.20/3210.232.196.20 – 10.232.196.2010.232.196.20
2210.232.196.21/3210.232.196.21 – 10.232.196.2110.232.196.21
2310.232.196.22/3210.232.196.22 – 10.232.196.2210.232.196.22
2410.232.196.23/3210.232.196.23 – 10.232.196.2310.232.196.23
2510.232.196.24/3210.232.196.24 – 10.232.196.2410.232.196.24
2610.232.196.25/3210.232.196.25 – 10.232.196.2510.232.196.25
2710.232.196.26/3210.232.196.26 – 10.232.196.2610.232.196.26
2810.232.196.27/3210.232.196.27 – 10.232.196.2710.232.196.27
2910.232.196.28/3210.232.196.28 – 10.232.196.2810.232.196.28
3010.232.196.29/3210.232.196.29 – 10.232.196.2910.232.196.29
3110.232.196.30/3210.232.196.30 – 10.232.196.3010.232.196.30
3210.232.196.31/3210.232.196.31 – 10.232.196.3110.232.196.31
3310.232.196.32/3210.232.196.32 – 10.232.196.3210.232.196.32
3410.232.196.33/3210.232.196.33 – 10.232.196.3310.232.196.33
3510.232.196.34/3210.232.196.34 – 10.232.196.3410.232.196.34
3610.232.196.35/3210.232.196.35 – 10.232.196.3510.232.196.35
3710.232.196.36/3210.232.196.36 – 10.232.196.3610.232.196.36
3810.232.196.37/3210.232.196.37 – 10.232.196.3710.232.196.37
3910.232.196.38/3210.232.196.38 – 10.232.196.3810.232.196.38
4010.232.196.39/3210.232.196.39 – 10.232.196.3910.232.196.39
4110.232.196.40/3210.232.196.40 – 10.232.196.4010.232.196.40
4210.232.196.41/3210.232.196.41 – 10.232.196.4110.232.196.41
4310.232.196.42/3210.232.196.42 – 10.232.196.4210.232.196.42
4410.232.196.43/3210.232.196.43 – 10.232.196.4310.232.196.43
4510.232.196.44/3210.232.196.44 – 10.232.196.4410.232.196.44
4610.232.196.45/3210.232.196.45 – 10.232.196.4510.232.196.45
4710.232.196.46/3210.232.196.46 – 10.232.196.4610.232.196.46
4810.232.196.47/3210.232.196.47 – 10.232.196.4710.232.196.47
4910.232.196.48/3210.232.196.48 – 10.232.196.4810.232.196.48
5010.232.196.49/3210.232.196.49 – 10.232.196.4910.232.196.49
5110.232.196.50/3210.232.196.50 – 10.232.196.5010.232.196.50
5210.232.196.51/3210.232.196.51 – 10.232.196.5110.232.196.51
5310.232.196.52/3210.232.196.52 – 10.232.196.5210.232.196.52
5410.232.196.53/3210.232.196.53 – 10.232.196.5310.232.196.53
5510.232.196.54/3210.232.196.54 – 10.232.196.5410.232.196.54
5610.232.196.55/3210.232.196.55 – 10.232.196.5510.232.196.55
5710.232.196.56/3210.232.196.56 – 10.232.196.5610.232.196.56
5810.232.196.57/3210.232.196.57 – 10.232.196.5710.232.196.57
5910.232.196.58/3210.232.196.58 – 10.232.196.5810.232.196.58
6010.232.196.59/3210.232.196.59 – 10.232.196.5910.232.196.59
6110.232.196.60/3210.232.196.60 – 10.232.196.6010.232.196.60
6210.232.196.61/3210.232.196.61 – 10.232.196.6110.232.196.61
6310.232.196.62/3210.232.196.62 – 10.232.196.6210.232.196.62
6410.232.196.63/3210.232.196.63 – 10.232.196.6310.232.196.63
6510.232.196.64/3210.232.196.64 – 10.232.196.6410.232.196.64
6610.232.196.65/3210.232.196.65 – 10.232.196.6510.232.196.65
6710.232.196.66/3210.232.196.66 – 10.232.196.6610.232.196.66
6810.232.196.67/3210.232.196.67 – 10.232.196.6710.232.196.67
6910.232.196.68/3210.232.196.68 – 10.232.196.6810.232.196.68
7010.232.196.69/3210.232.196.69 – 10.232.196.6910.232.196.69
7110.232.196.70/3210.232.196.70 – 10.232.196.7010.232.196.70
7210.232.196.71/3210.232.196.71 – 10.232.196.7110.232.196.71
7310.232.196.72/3210.232.196.72 – 10.232.196.7210.232.196.72
7410.232.196.73/3210.232.196.73 – 10.232.196.7310.232.196.73
7510.232.196.74/3210.232.196.74 – 10.232.196.7410.232.196.74
7610.232.196.75/3210.232.196.75 – 10.232.196.7510.232.196.75
7710.232.196.76/3210.232.196.76 – 10.232.196.7610.232.196.76
7810.232.196.77/3210.232.196.77 – 10.232.196.7710.232.196.77
7910.232.196.78/3210.232.196.78 – 10.232.196.7810.232.196.78
8010.232.196.79/3210.232.196.79 – 10.232.196.7910.232.196.79
8110.232.196.80/3210.232.196.80 – 10.232.196.8010.232.196.80
8210.232.196.81/3210.232.196.81 – 10.232.196.8110.232.196.81
8310.232.196.82/3210.232.196.82 – 10.232.196.8210.232.196.82
8410.232.196.83/3210.232.196.83 – 10.232.196.8310.232.196.83
8510.232.196.84/3210.232.196.84 – 10.232.196.8410.232.196.84
8610.232.196.85/3210.232.196.85 – 10.232.196.8510.232.196.85
8710.232.196.86/3210.232.196.86 – 10.232.196.8610.232.196.86
8810.232.196.87/3210.232.196.87 – 10.232.196.8710.232.196.87
8910.232.196.88/3210.232.196.88 – 10.232.196.8810.232.196.88
9010.232.196.89/3210.232.196.89 – 10.232.196.8910.232.196.89
9110.232.196.90/3210.232.196.90 – 10.232.196.9010.232.196.90
9210.232.196.91/3210.232.196.91 – 10.232.196.9110.232.196.91
9310.232.196.92/3210.232.196.92 – 10.232.196.9210.232.196.92
9410.232.196.93/3210.232.196.93 – 10.232.196.9310.232.196.93
9510.232.196.94/3210.232.196.94 – 10.232.196.9410.232.196.94
9610.232.196.95/3210.232.196.95 – 10.232.196.9510.232.196.95
9710.232.196.96/3210.232.196.96 – 10.232.196.9610.232.196.96
9810.232.196.97/3210.232.196.97 – 10.232.196.9710.232.196.97
9910.232.196.98/3210.232.196.98 – 10.232.196.9810.232.196.98
10010.232.196.99/3210.232.196.99 – 10.232.196.9910.232.196.99
10110.232.196.100/3210.232.196.100 – 10.232.196.10010.232.196.100
10210.232.196.101/3210.232.196.101 – 10.232.196.10110.232.196.101
10310.232.196.102/3210.232.196.102 – 10.232.196.10210.232.196.102
10410.232.196.103/3210.232.196.103 – 10.232.196.10310.232.196.103
10510.232.196.104/3210.232.196.104 – 10.232.196.10410.232.196.104
10610.232.196.105/3210.232.196.105 – 10.232.196.10510.232.196.105
10710.232.196.106/3210.232.196.106 – 10.232.196.10610.232.196.106
10810.232.196.107/3210.232.196.107 – 10.232.196.10710.232.196.107
10910.232.196.108/3210.232.196.108 – 10.232.196.10810.232.196.108
11010.232.196.109/3210.232.196.109 – 10.232.196.10910.232.196.109
11110.232.196.110/3210.232.196.110 – 10.232.196.11010.232.196.110
11210.232.196.111/3210.232.196.111 – 10.232.196.11110.232.196.111
11310.232.196.112/3210.232.196.112 – 10.232.196.11210.232.196.112
11410.232.196.113/3210.232.196.113 – 10.232.196.11310.232.196.113
11510.232.196.114/3210.232.196.114 – 10.232.196.11410.232.196.114
11610.232.196.115/3210.232.196.115 – 10.232.196.11510.232.196.115
11710.232.196.116/3210.232.196.116 – 10.232.196.11610.232.196.116
11810.232.196.117/3210.232.196.117 – 10.232.196.11710.232.196.117
11910.232.196.118/3210.232.196.118 – 10.232.196.11810.232.196.118
12010.232.196.119/3210.232.196.119 – 10.232.196.11910.232.196.119
12110.232.196.120/3210.232.196.120 – 10.232.196.12010.232.196.120
12210.232.196.121/3210.232.196.121 – 10.232.196.12110.232.196.121
12310.232.196.122/3210.232.196.122 – 10.232.196.12210.232.196.122
12410.232.196.123/3210.232.196.123 – 10.232.196.12310.232.196.123
12510.232.196.124/3210.232.196.124 – 10.232.196.12410.232.196.124
12610.232.196.125/3210.232.196.125 – 10.232.196.12510.232.196.125
12710.232.196.126/3210.232.196.126 – 10.232.196.12610.232.196.126
12810.232.196.127/3210.232.196.127 – 10.232.196.12710.232.196.127
12910.232.196.128/3210.232.196.128 – 10.232.196.12810.232.196.128
13010.232.196.129/3210.232.196.129 – 10.232.196.12910.232.196.129
13110.232.196.130/3210.232.196.130 – 10.232.196.13010.232.196.130
13210.232.196.131/3210.232.196.131 – 10.232.196.13110.232.196.131
13310.232.196.132/3210.232.196.132 – 10.232.196.13210.232.196.132
13410.232.196.133/3210.232.196.133 – 10.232.196.13310.232.196.133
13510.232.196.134/3210.232.196.134 – 10.232.196.13410.232.196.134
13610.232.196.135/3210.232.196.135 – 10.232.196.13510.232.196.135
13710.232.196.136/3210.232.196.136 – 10.232.196.13610.232.196.136
13810.232.196.137/3210.232.196.137 – 10.232.196.13710.232.196.137
13910.232.196.138/3210.232.196.138 – 10.232.196.13810.232.196.138
14010.232.196.139/3210.232.196.139 – 10.232.196.13910.232.196.139
14110.232.196.140/3210.232.196.140 – 10.232.196.14010.232.196.140
14210.232.196.141/3210.232.196.141 – 10.232.196.14110.232.196.141
14310.232.196.142/3210.232.196.142 – 10.232.196.14210.232.196.142
14410.232.196.143/3210.232.196.143 – 10.232.196.14310.232.196.143
14510.232.196.144/3210.232.196.144 – 10.232.196.14410.232.196.144
14610.232.196.145/3210.232.196.145 – 10.232.196.14510.232.196.145
14710.232.196.146/3210.232.196.146 – 10.232.196.14610.232.196.146
14810.232.196.147/3210.232.196.147 – 10.232.196.14710.232.196.147
14910.232.196.148/3210.232.196.148 – 10.232.196.14810.232.196.148
15010.232.196.149/3210.232.196.149 – 10.232.196.14910.232.196.149
15110.232.196.150/3210.232.196.150 – 10.232.196.15010.232.196.150
15210.232.196.151/3210.232.196.151 – 10.232.196.15110.232.196.151
15310.232.196.152/3210.232.196.152 – 10.232.196.15210.232.196.152
15410.232.196.153/3210.232.196.153 – 10.232.196.15310.232.196.153
15510.232.196.154/3210.232.196.154 – 10.232.196.15410.232.196.154
15610.232.196.155/3210.232.196.155 – 10.232.196.15510.232.196.155
15710.232.196.156/3210.232.196.156 – 10.232.196.15610.232.196.156
15810.232.196.157/3210.232.196.157 – 10.232.196.15710.232.196.157
15910.232.196.158/3210.232.196.158 – 10.232.196.15810.232.196.158
16010.232.196.159/3210.232.196.159 – 10.232.196.15910.232.196.159
16110.232.196.160/3210.232.196.160 – 10.232.196.16010.232.196.160
16210.232.196.161/3210.232.196.161 – 10.232.196.16110.232.196.161
16310.232.196.162/3210.232.196.162 – 10.232.196.16210.232.196.162
16410.232.196.163/3210.232.196.163 – 10.232.196.16310.232.196.163
16510.232.196.164/3210.232.196.164 – 10.232.196.16410.232.196.164
16610.232.196.165/3210.232.196.165 – 10.232.196.16510.232.196.165
16710.232.196.166/3210.232.196.166 – 10.232.196.16610.232.196.166
16810.232.196.167/3210.232.196.167 – 10.232.196.16710.232.196.167
16910.232.196.168/3210.232.196.168 – 10.232.196.16810.232.196.168
17010.232.196.169/3210.232.196.169 – 10.232.196.16910.232.196.169
17110.232.196.170/3210.232.196.170 – 10.232.196.17010.232.196.170
17210.232.196.171/3210.232.196.171 – 10.232.196.17110.232.196.171
17310.232.196.172/3210.232.196.172 – 10.232.196.17210.232.196.172
17410.232.196.173/3210.232.196.173 – 10.232.196.17310.232.196.173
17510.232.196.174/3210.232.196.174 – 10.232.196.17410.232.196.174
17610.232.196.175/3210.232.196.175 – 10.232.196.17510.232.196.175
17710.232.196.176/3210.232.196.176 – 10.232.196.17610.232.196.176
17810.232.196.177/3210.232.196.177 – 10.232.196.17710.232.196.177
17910.232.196.178/3210.232.196.178 – 10.232.196.17810.232.196.178
18010.232.196.179/3210.232.196.179 – 10.232.196.17910.232.196.179
18110.232.196.180/3210.232.196.180 – 10.232.196.18010.232.196.180
18210.232.196.181/3210.232.196.181 – 10.232.196.18110.232.196.181
18310.232.196.182/3210.232.196.182 – 10.232.196.18210.232.196.182
18410.232.196.183/3210.232.196.183 – 10.232.196.18310.232.196.183
18510.232.196.184/3210.232.196.184 – 10.232.196.18410.232.196.184
18610.232.196.185/3210.232.196.185 – 10.232.196.18510.232.196.185
18710.232.196.186/3210.232.196.186 – 10.232.196.18610.232.196.186
18810.232.196.187/3210.232.196.187 – 10.232.196.18710.232.196.187
18910.232.196.188/3210.232.196.188 – 10.232.196.18810.232.196.188
19010.232.196.189/3210.232.196.189 – 10.232.196.18910.232.196.189
19110.232.196.190/3210.232.196.190 – 10.232.196.19010.232.196.190
19210.232.196.191/3210.232.196.191 – 10.232.196.19110.232.196.191
19310.232.196.192/3210.232.196.192 – 10.232.196.19210.232.196.192
19410.232.196.193/3210.232.196.193 – 10.232.196.19310.232.196.193
19510.232.196.194/3210.232.196.194 – 10.232.196.19410.232.196.194
19610.232.196.195/3210.232.196.195 – 10.232.196.19510.232.196.195
19710.232.196.196/3210.232.196.196 – 10.232.196.19610.232.196.196
19810.232.196.197/3210.232.196.197 – 10.232.196.19710.232.196.197
19910.232.196.198/3210.232.196.198 – 10.232.196.19810.232.196.198
20010.232.196.199/3210.232.196.199 – 10.232.196.19910.232.196.199
20110.232.196.200/3210.232.196.200 – 10.232.196.20010.232.196.200
20210.232.196.201/3210.232.196.201 – 10.232.196.20110.232.196.201
20310.232.196.202/3210.232.196.202 – 10.232.196.20210.232.196.202
20410.232.196.203/3210.232.196.203 – 10.232.196.20310.232.196.203
20510.232.196.204/3210.232.196.204 – 10.232.196.20410.232.196.204
20610.232.196.205/3210.232.196.205 – 10.232.196.20510.232.196.205
20710.232.196.206/3210.232.196.206 – 10.232.196.20610.232.196.206
20810.232.196.207/3210.232.196.207 – 10.232.196.20710.232.196.207
20910.232.196.208/3210.232.196.208 – 10.232.196.20810.232.196.208
21010.232.196.209/3210.232.196.209 – 10.232.196.20910.232.196.209
21110.232.196.210/3210.232.196.210 – 10.232.196.21010.232.196.210
21210.232.196.211/3210.232.196.211 – 10.232.196.21110.232.196.211
21310.232.196.212/3210.232.196.212 – 10.232.196.21210.232.196.212
21410.232.196.213/3210.232.196.213 – 10.232.196.21310.232.196.213
21510.232.196.214/3210.232.196.214 – 10.232.196.21410.232.196.214
21610.232.196.215/3210.232.196.215 – 10.232.196.21510.232.196.215
21710.232.196.216/3210.232.196.216 – 10.232.196.21610.232.196.216
21810.232.196.217/3210.232.196.217 – 10.232.196.21710.232.196.217
21910.232.196.218/3210.232.196.218 – 10.232.196.21810.232.196.218
22010.232.196.219/3210.232.196.219 – 10.232.196.21910.232.196.219
22110.232.196.220/3210.232.196.220 – 10.232.196.22010.232.196.220
22210.232.196.221/3210.232.196.221 – 10.232.196.22110.232.196.221
22310.232.196.222/3210.232.196.222 – 10.232.196.22210.232.196.222
22410.232.196.223/3210.232.196.223 – 10.232.196.22310.232.196.223
22510.232.196.224/3210.232.196.224 – 10.232.196.22410.232.196.224
22610.232.196.225/3210.232.196.225 – 10.232.196.22510.232.196.225
22710.232.196.226/3210.232.196.226 – 10.232.196.22610.232.196.226
22810.232.196.227/3210.232.196.227 – 10.232.196.22710.232.196.227
22910.232.196.228/3210.232.196.228 – 10.232.196.22810.232.196.228
23010.232.196.229/3210.232.196.229 – 10.232.196.22910.232.196.229
23110.232.196.230/3210.232.196.230 – 10.232.196.23010.232.196.230
23210.232.196.231/3210.232.196.231 – 10.232.196.23110.232.196.231
23310.232.196.232/3210.232.196.232 – 10.232.196.23210.232.196.232
23410.232.196.233/3210.232.196.233 – 10.232.196.23310.232.196.233
23510.232.196.234/3210.232.196.234 – 10.232.196.23410.232.196.234
23610.232.196.235/3210.232.196.235 – 10.232.196.23510.232.196.235
23710.232.196.236/3210.232.196.236 – 10.232.196.23610.232.196.236
23810.232.196.237/3210.232.196.237 – 10.232.196.23710.232.196.237
23910.232.196.238/3210.232.196.238 – 10.232.196.23810.232.196.238
24010.232.196.239/3210.232.196.239 – 10.232.196.23910.232.196.239
24110.232.196.240/3210.232.196.240 – 10.232.196.24010.232.196.240
24210.232.196.241/3210.232.196.241 – 10.232.196.24110.232.196.241
24310.232.196.242/3210.232.196.242 – 10.232.196.24210.232.196.242
24410.232.196.243/3210.232.196.243 – 10.232.196.24310.232.196.243
24510.232.196.244/3210.232.196.244 – 10.232.196.24410.232.196.244
24610.232.196.245/3210.232.196.245 – 10.232.196.24510.232.196.245
24710.232.196.246/3210.232.196.246 – 10.232.196.24610.232.196.246
24810.232.196.247/3210.232.196.247 – 10.232.196.24710.232.196.247
24910.232.196.248/3210.232.196.248 – 10.232.196.24810.232.196.248
25010.232.196.249/3210.232.196.249 – 10.232.196.24910.232.196.249
25110.232.196.250/3210.232.196.250 – 10.232.196.25010.232.196.250
25210.232.196.251/3210.232.196.251 – 10.232.196.25110.232.196.251
25310.232.196.252/3210.232.196.252 – 10.232.196.25210.232.196.252
25410.232.196.253/3210.232.196.253 – 10.232.196.25310.232.196.253
25510.232.196.254/3210.232.196.254 – 10.232.196.25410.232.196.254
25610.232.196.255/3210.232.196.255 – 10.232.196.25510.232.196.255
01 / table

IPv4 CIDR prefix table.

Click a prefix longer than your network to split it into subnets.

prefixsubnet maskaddresseshostsin your /24
/00.0.0.04,294,967,2964,294,967,294-
/1128.0.0.02,147,483,6482,147,483,646-
/2192.0.0.01,073,741,8241,073,741,822-
/3224.0.0.0536,870,912536,870,910-
/4240.0.0.0268,435,456268,435,454-
/5248.0.0.0134,217,728134,217,726-
/6252.0.0.067,108,86467,108,862-
/7254.0.0.033,554,43233,554,430-
/8255.0.0.016,777,21616,777,214-
/9255.128.0.08,388,6088,388,606-
/10255.192.0.04,194,3044,194,302-
/11255.224.0.02,097,1522,097,150-
/12255.240.0.01,048,5761,048,574-
/13255.248.0.0524,288524,286-
/14255.252.0.0262,144262,142-
/15255.254.0.0131,072131,070-
/16255.255.0.065,53665,534-
/17255.255.128.032,76832,766-
/18255.255.192.016,38416,382-
/19255.255.224.08,1928,190-
/20255.255.240.04,0964,094-
/21255.255.248.02,0482,046-
/22255.255.252.01,0241,022-
/23255.255.254.0512510-
/24255.255.255.02562541
/25255.255.255.1281281262 split →
/26255.255.255.19264624 split →
/27255.255.255.22432308 split →
/28255.255.255.240161416 split →
/29255.255.255.2488632 split →
/30255.255.255.2524264 split →
/31255.255.255.25422128 split →
/32255.255.255.25511256 split →
02 / faq

About this calculator.

How do I use this subnet calculator?

▼

Type an IP address followed by a prefix, like 192.168.1.10/24, or by a subnet mask, like 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0. Without a prefix it uses /24. Click a row in the table to split the network into smaller subnets.

Why are usable hosts always 2 fewer?

▼

The first address in a subnet is the network address and the last is the broadcast address, so neither can go to a device. The exceptions are /31 (point-to-point links, RFC 3021) and /32 (a single address), which use every address.

Can I use it from a terminal?

▼

Yes. curl 'ipku.in/en/tools/ipv4-subnet-calculator?q=192.168.1.10/24' returns the result as plain text.

Learn how to work it out →