ip
ipku.in

IPv4 Subnet Calculator

Enter an IP with a CIDR prefix or a subnet mask to see its network, broadcast, host range, and host count. You can also split the network into smaller subnets.

$ ipcalc
private IP (RFC 1918)10.2.60.0/23
network10.2.60.0/23
broadcast10.2.61.255
first host10.2.60.1
last host10.2.61.254
subnet mask255.255.254.0
wildcard0.0.1.255
addresses512
usable hosts510
classA
ipcalc 10.2.60.0/23
address00001010.00000010.00111100.00000000
subnet mask11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000
network00001010.00000010.00111100.00000000
broadcast00001010.00000010.00111101.11111111
green = network part, grey = host part
hex0x0a023c00
decimal167918592
reverse dns0.60.2.10.in-addr.arpa
ipv4-mapped::ffff:a02:3c00

/23 split into /31 · 256 subnets

close ×
#networkhost rangebroadcast
110.2.60.0/3110.2.60.0 – 10.2.60.110.2.60.1
210.2.60.2/3110.2.60.2 – 10.2.60.310.2.60.3
310.2.60.4/3110.2.60.4 – 10.2.60.510.2.60.5
410.2.60.6/3110.2.60.6 – 10.2.60.710.2.60.7
510.2.60.8/3110.2.60.8 – 10.2.60.910.2.60.9
610.2.60.10/3110.2.60.10 – 10.2.60.1110.2.60.11
710.2.60.12/3110.2.60.12 – 10.2.60.1310.2.60.13
810.2.60.14/3110.2.60.14 – 10.2.60.1510.2.60.15
910.2.60.16/3110.2.60.16 – 10.2.60.1710.2.60.17
1010.2.60.18/3110.2.60.18 – 10.2.60.1910.2.60.19
1110.2.60.20/3110.2.60.20 – 10.2.60.2110.2.60.21
1210.2.60.22/3110.2.60.22 – 10.2.60.2310.2.60.23
1310.2.60.24/3110.2.60.24 – 10.2.60.2510.2.60.25
1410.2.60.26/3110.2.60.26 – 10.2.60.2710.2.60.27
1510.2.60.28/3110.2.60.28 – 10.2.60.2910.2.60.29
1610.2.60.30/3110.2.60.30 – 10.2.60.3110.2.60.31
1710.2.60.32/3110.2.60.32 – 10.2.60.3310.2.60.33
1810.2.60.34/3110.2.60.34 – 10.2.60.3510.2.60.35
1910.2.60.36/3110.2.60.36 – 10.2.60.3710.2.60.37
2010.2.60.38/3110.2.60.38 – 10.2.60.3910.2.60.39
2110.2.60.40/3110.2.60.40 – 10.2.60.4110.2.60.41
2210.2.60.42/3110.2.60.42 – 10.2.60.4310.2.60.43
2310.2.60.44/3110.2.60.44 – 10.2.60.4510.2.60.45
2410.2.60.46/3110.2.60.46 – 10.2.60.4710.2.60.47
2510.2.60.48/3110.2.60.48 – 10.2.60.4910.2.60.49
2610.2.60.50/3110.2.60.50 – 10.2.60.5110.2.60.51
2710.2.60.52/3110.2.60.52 – 10.2.60.5310.2.60.53
2810.2.60.54/3110.2.60.54 – 10.2.60.5510.2.60.55
2910.2.60.56/3110.2.60.56 – 10.2.60.5710.2.60.57
3010.2.60.58/3110.2.60.58 – 10.2.60.5910.2.60.59
3110.2.60.60/3110.2.60.60 – 10.2.60.6110.2.60.61
3210.2.60.62/3110.2.60.62 – 10.2.60.6310.2.60.63
3310.2.60.64/3110.2.60.64 – 10.2.60.6510.2.60.65
3410.2.60.66/3110.2.60.66 – 10.2.60.6710.2.60.67
3510.2.60.68/3110.2.60.68 – 10.2.60.6910.2.60.69
3610.2.60.70/3110.2.60.70 – 10.2.60.7110.2.60.71
3710.2.60.72/3110.2.60.72 – 10.2.60.7310.2.60.73
3810.2.60.74/3110.2.60.74 – 10.2.60.7510.2.60.75
3910.2.60.76/3110.2.60.76 – 10.2.60.7710.2.60.77
4010.2.60.78/3110.2.60.78 – 10.2.60.7910.2.60.79
4110.2.60.80/3110.2.60.80 – 10.2.60.8110.2.60.81
4210.2.60.82/3110.2.60.82 – 10.2.60.8310.2.60.83
4310.2.60.84/3110.2.60.84 – 10.2.60.8510.2.60.85
4410.2.60.86/3110.2.60.86 – 10.2.60.8710.2.60.87
4510.2.60.88/3110.2.60.88 – 10.2.60.8910.2.60.89
4610.2.60.90/3110.2.60.90 – 10.2.60.9110.2.60.91
4710.2.60.92/3110.2.60.92 – 10.2.60.9310.2.60.93
4810.2.60.94/3110.2.60.94 – 10.2.60.9510.2.60.95
4910.2.60.96/3110.2.60.96 – 10.2.60.9710.2.60.97
5010.2.60.98/3110.2.60.98 – 10.2.60.9910.2.60.99
5110.2.60.100/3110.2.60.100 – 10.2.60.10110.2.60.101
5210.2.60.102/3110.2.60.102 – 10.2.60.10310.2.60.103
5310.2.60.104/3110.2.60.104 – 10.2.60.10510.2.60.105
5410.2.60.106/3110.2.60.106 – 10.2.60.10710.2.60.107
5510.2.60.108/3110.2.60.108 – 10.2.60.10910.2.60.109
5610.2.60.110/3110.2.60.110 – 10.2.60.11110.2.60.111
5710.2.60.112/3110.2.60.112 – 10.2.60.11310.2.60.113
5810.2.60.114/3110.2.60.114 – 10.2.60.11510.2.60.115
5910.2.60.116/3110.2.60.116 – 10.2.60.11710.2.60.117
6010.2.60.118/3110.2.60.118 – 10.2.60.11910.2.60.119
6110.2.60.120/3110.2.60.120 – 10.2.60.12110.2.60.121
6210.2.60.122/3110.2.60.122 – 10.2.60.12310.2.60.123
6310.2.60.124/3110.2.60.124 – 10.2.60.12510.2.60.125
6410.2.60.126/3110.2.60.126 – 10.2.60.12710.2.60.127
6510.2.60.128/3110.2.60.128 – 10.2.60.12910.2.60.129
6610.2.60.130/3110.2.60.130 – 10.2.60.13110.2.60.131
6710.2.60.132/3110.2.60.132 – 10.2.60.13310.2.60.133
6810.2.60.134/3110.2.60.134 – 10.2.60.13510.2.60.135
6910.2.60.136/3110.2.60.136 – 10.2.60.13710.2.60.137
7010.2.60.138/3110.2.60.138 – 10.2.60.13910.2.60.139
7110.2.60.140/3110.2.60.140 – 10.2.60.14110.2.60.141
7210.2.60.142/3110.2.60.142 – 10.2.60.14310.2.60.143
7310.2.60.144/3110.2.60.144 – 10.2.60.14510.2.60.145
7410.2.60.146/3110.2.60.146 – 10.2.60.14710.2.60.147
7510.2.60.148/3110.2.60.148 – 10.2.60.14910.2.60.149
7610.2.60.150/3110.2.60.150 – 10.2.60.15110.2.60.151
7710.2.60.152/3110.2.60.152 – 10.2.60.15310.2.60.153
7810.2.60.154/3110.2.60.154 – 10.2.60.15510.2.60.155
7910.2.60.156/3110.2.60.156 – 10.2.60.15710.2.60.157
8010.2.60.158/3110.2.60.158 – 10.2.60.15910.2.60.159
8110.2.60.160/3110.2.60.160 – 10.2.60.16110.2.60.161
8210.2.60.162/3110.2.60.162 – 10.2.60.16310.2.60.163
8310.2.60.164/3110.2.60.164 – 10.2.60.16510.2.60.165
8410.2.60.166/3110.2.60.166 – 10.2.60.16710.2.60.167
8510.2.60.168/3110.2.60.168 – 10.2.60.16910.2.60.169
8610.2.60.170/3110.2.60.170 – 10.2.60.17110.2.60.171
8710.2.60.172/3110.2.60.172 – 10.2.60.17310.2.60.173
8810.2.60.174/3110.2.60.174 – 10.2.60.17510.2.60.175
8910.2.60.176/3110.2.60.176 – 10.2.60.17710.2.60.177
9010.2.60.178/3110.2.60.178 – 10.2.60.17910.2.60.179
9110.2.60.180/3110.2.60.180 – 10.2.60.18110.2.60.181
9210.2.60.182/3110.2.60.182 – 10.2.60.18310.2.60.183
9310.2.60.184/3110.2.60.184 – 10.2.60.18510.2.60.185
9410.2.60.186/3110.2.60.186 – 10.2.60.18710.2.60.187
9510.2.60.188/3110.2.60.188 – 10.2.60.18910.2.60.189
9610.2.60.190/3110.2.60.190 – 10.2.60.19110.2.60.191
9710.2.60.192/3110.2.60.192 – 10.2.60.19310.2.60.193
9810.2.60.194/3110.2.60.194 – 10.2.60.19510.2.60.195
9910.2.60.196/3110.2.60.196 – 10.2.60.19710.2.60.197
10010.2.60.198/3110.2.60.198 – 10.2.60.19910.2.60.199
10110.2.60.200/3110.2.60.200 – 10.2.60.20110.2.60.201
10210.2.60.202/3110.2.60.202 – 10.2.60.20310.2.60.203
10310.2.60.204/3110.2.60.204 – 10.2.60.20510.2.60.205
10410.2.60.206/3110.2.60.206 – 10.2.60.20710.2.60.207
10510.2.60.208/3110.2.60.208 – 10.2.60.20910.2.60.209
10610.2.60.210/3110.2.60.210 – 10.2.60.21110.2.60.211
10710.2.60.212/3110.2.60.212 – 10.2.60.21310.2.60.213
10810.2.60.214/3110.2.60.214 – 10.2.60.21510.2.60.215
10910.2.60.216/3110.2.60.216 – 10.2.60.21710.2.60.217
11010.2.60.218/3110.2.60.218 – 10.2.60.21910.2.60.219
11110.2.60.220/3110.2.60.220 – 10.2.60.22110.2.60.221
11210.2.60.222/3110.2.60.222 – 10.2.60.22310.2.60.223
11310.2.60.224/3110.2.60.224 – 10.2.60.22510.2.60.225
11410.2.60.226/3110.2.60.226 – 10.2.60.22710.2.60.227
11510.2.60.228/3110.2.60.228 – 10.2.60.22910.2.60.229
11610.2.60.230/3110.2.60.230 – 10.2.60.23110.2.60.231
11710.2.60.232/3110.2.60.232 – 10.2.60.23310.2.60.233
11810.2.60.234/3110.2.60.234 – 10.2.60.23510.2.60.235
11910.2.60.236/3110.2.60.236 – 10.2.60.23710.2.60.237
12010.2.60.238/3110.2.60.238 – 10.2.60.23910.2.60.239
12110.2.60.240/3110.2.60.240 – 10.2.60.24110.2.60.241
12210.2.60.242/3110.2.60.242 – 10.2.60.24310.2.60.243
12310.2.60.244/3110.2.60.244 – 10.2.60.24510.2.60.245
12410.2.60.246/3110.2.60.246 – 10.2.60.24710.2.60.247
12510.2.60.248/3110.2.60.248 – 10.2.60.24910.2.60.249
12610.2.60.250/3110.2.60.250 – 10.2.60.25110.2.60.251
12710.2.60.252/3110.2.60.252 – 10.2.60.25310.2.60.253
12810.2.60.254/3110.2.60.254 – 10.2.60.25510.2.60.255
12910.2.61.0/3110.2.61.0 – 10.2.61.110.2.61.1
13010.2.61.2/3110.2.61.2 – 10.2.61.310.2.61.3
13110.2.61.4/3110.2.61.4 – 10.2.61.510.2.61.5
13210.2.61.6/3110.2.61.6 – 10.2.61.710.2.61.7
13310.2.61.8/3110.2.61.8 – 10.2.61.910.2.61.9
13410.2.61.10/3110.2.61.10 – 10.2.61.1110.2.61.11
13510.2.61.12/3110.2.61.12 – 10.2.61.1310.2.61.13
13610.2.61.14/3110.2.61.14 – 10.2.61.1510.2.61.15
13710.2.61.16/3110.2.61.16 – 10.2.61.1710.2.61.17
13810.2.61.18/3110.2.61.18 – 10.2.61.1910.2.61.19
13910.2.61.20/3110.2.61.20 – 10.2.61.2110.2.61.21
14010.2.61.22/3110.2.61.22 – 10.2.61.2310.2.61.23
14110.2.61.24/3110.2.61.24 – 10.2.61.2510.2.61.25
14210.2.61.26/3110.2.61.26 – 10.2.61.2710.2.61.27
14310.2.61.28/3110.2.61.28 – 10.2.61.2910.2.61.29
14410.2.61.30/3110.2.61.30 – 10.2.61.3110.2.61.31
14510.2.61.32/3110.2.61.32 – 10.2.61.3310.2.61.33
14610.2.61.34/3110.2.61.34 – 10.2.61.3510.2.61.35
14710.2.61.36/3110.2.61.36 – 10.2.61.3710.2.61.37
14810.2.61.38/3110.2.61.38 – 10.2.61.3910.2.61.39
14910.2.61.40/3110.2.61.40 – 10.2.61.4110.2.61.41
15010.2.61.42/3110.2.61.42 – 10.2.61.4310.2.61.43
15110.2.61.44/3110.2.61.44 – 10.2.61.4510.2.61.45
15210.2.61.46/3110.2.61.46 – 10.2.61.4710.2.61.47
15310.2.61.48/3110.2.61.48 – 10.2.61.4910.2.61.49
15410.2.61.50/3110.2.61.50 – 10.2.61.5110.2.61.51
15510.2.61.52/3110.2.61.52 – 10.2.61.5310.2.61.53
15610.2.61.54/3110.2.61.54 – 10.2.61.5510.2.61.55
15710.2.61.56/3110.2.61.56 – 10.2.61.5710.2.61.57
15810.2.61.58/3110.2.61.58 – 10.2.61.5910.2.61.59
15910.2.61.60/3110.2.61.60 – 10.2.61.6110.2.61.61
16010.2.61.62/3110.2.61.62 – 10.2.61.6310.2.61.63
16110.2.61.64/3110.2.61.64 – 10.2.61.6510.2.61.65
16210.2.61.66/3110.2.61.66 – 10.2.61.6710.2.61.67
16310.2.61.68/3110.2.61.68 – 10.2.61.6910.2.61.69
16410.2.61.70/3110.2.61.70 – 10.2.61.7110.2.61.71
16510.2.61.72/3110.2.61.72 – 10.2.61.7310.2.61.73
16610.2.61.74/3110.2.61.74 – 10.2.61.7510.2.61.75
16710.2.61.76/3110.2.61.76 – 10.2.61.7710.2.61.77
16810.2.61.78/3110.2.61.78 – 10.2.61.7910.2.61.79
16910.2.61.80/3110.2.61.80 – 10.2.61.8110.2.61.81
17010.2.61.82/3110.2.61.82 – 10.2.61.8310.2.61.83
17110.2.61.84/3110.2.61.84 – 10.2.61.8510.2.61.85
17210.2.61.86/3110.2.61.86 – 10.2.61.8710.2.61.87
17310.2.61.88/3110.2.61.88 – 10.2.61.8910.2.61.89
17410.2.61.90/3110.2.61.90 – 10.2.61.9110.2.61.91
17510.2.61.92/3110.2.61.92 – 10.2.61.9310.2.61.93
17610.2.61.94/3110.2.61.94 – 10.2.61.9510.2.61.95
17710.2.61.96/3110.2.61.96 – 10.2.61.9710.2.61.97
17810.2.61.98/3110.2.61.98 – 10.2.61.9910.2.61.99
17910.2.61.100/3110.2.61.100 – 10.2.61.10110.2.61.101
18010.2.61.102/3110.2.61.102 – 10.2.61.10310.2.61.103
18110.2.61.104/3110.2.61.104 – 10.2.61.10510.2.61.105
18210.2.61.106/3110.2.61.106 – 10.2.61.10710.2.61.107
18310.2.61.108/3110.2.61.108 – 10.2.61.10910.2.61.109
18410.2.61.110/3110.2.61.110 – 10.2.61.11110.2.61.111
18510.2.61.112/3110.2.61.112 – 10.2.61.11310.2.61.113
18610.2.61.114/3110.2.61.114 – 10.2.61.11510.2.61.115
18710.2.61.116/3110.2.61.116 – 10.2.61.11710.2.61.117
18810.2.61.118/3110.2.61.118 – 10.2.61.11910.2.61.119
18910.2.61.120/3110.2.61.120 – 10.2.61.12110.2.61.121
19010.2.61.122/3110.2.61.122 – 10.2.61.12310.2.61.123
19110.2.61.124/3110.2.61.124 – 10.2.61.12510.2.61.125
19210.2.61.126/3110.2.61.126 – 10.2.61.12710.2.61.127
19310.2.61.128/3110.2.61.128 – 10.2.61.12910.2.61.129
19410.2.61.130/3110.2.61.130 – 10.2.61.13110.2.61.131
19510.2.61.132/3110.2.61.132 – 10.2.61.13310.2.61.133
19610.2.61.134/3110.2.61.134 – 10.2.61.13510.2.61.135
19710.2.61.136/3110.2.61.136 – 10.2.61.13710.2.61.137
19810.2.61.138/3110.2.61.138 – 10.2.61.13910.2.61.139
19910.2.61.140/3110.2.61.140 – 10.2.61.14110.2.61.141
20010.2.61.142/3110.2.61.142 – 10.2.61.14310.2.61.143
20110.2.61.144/3110.2.61.144 – 10.2.61.14510.2.61.145
20210.2.61.146/3110.2.61.146 – 10.2.61.14710.2.61.147
20310.2.61.148/3110.2.61.148 – 10.2.61.14910.2.61.149
20410.2.61.150/3110.2.61.150 – 10.2.61.15110.2.61.151
20510.2.61.152/3110.2.61.152 – 10.2.61.15310.2.61.153
20610.2.61.154/3110.2.61.154 – 10.2.61.15510.2.61.155
20710.2.61.156/3110.2.61.156 – 10.2.61.15710.2.61.157
20810.2.61.158/3110.2.61.158 – 10.2.61.15910.2.61.159
20910.2.61.160/3110.2.61.160 – 10.2.61.16110.2.61.161
21010.2.61.162/3110.2.61.162 – 10.2.61.16310.2.61.163
21110.2.61.164/3110.2.61.164 – 10.2.61.16510.2.61.165
21210.2.61.166/3110.2.61.166 – 10.2.61.16710.2.61.167
21310.2.61.168/3110.2.61.168 – 10.2.61.16910.2.61.169
21410.2.61.170/3110.2.61.170 – 10.2.61.17110.2.61.171
21510.2.61.172/3110.2.61.172 – 10.2.61.17310.2.61.173
21610.2.61.174/3110.2.61.174 – 10.2.61.17510.2.61.175
21710.2.61.176/3110.2.61.176 – 10.2.61.17710.2.61.177
21810.2.61.178/3110.2.61.178 – 10.2.61.17910.2.61.179
21910.2.61.180/3110.2.61.180 – 10.2.61.18110.2.61.181
22010.2.61.182/3110.2.61.182 – 10.2.61.18310.2.61.183
22110.2.61.184/3110.2.61.184 – 10.2.61.18510.2.61.185
22210.2.61.186/3110.2.61.186 – 10.2.61.18710.2.61.187
22310.2.61.188/3110.2.61.188 – 10.2.61.18910.2.61.189
22410.2.61.190/3110.2.61.190 – 10.2.61.19110.2.61.191
22510.2.61.192/3110.2.61.192 – 10.2.61.19310.2.61.193
22610.2.61.194/3110.2.61.194 – 10.2.61.19510.2.61.195
22710.2.61.196/3110.2.61.196 – 10.2.61.19710.2.61.197
22810.2.61.198/3110.2.61.198 – 10.2.61.19910.2.61.199
22910.2.61.200/3110.2.61.200 – 10.2.61.20110.2.61.201
23010.2.61.202/3110.2.61.202 – 10.2.61.20310.2.61.203
23110.2.61.204/3110.2.61.204 – 10.2.61.20510.2.61.205
23210.2.61.206/3110.2.61.206 – 10.2.61.20710.2.61.207
23310.2.61.208/3110.2.61.208 – 10.2.61.20910.2.61.209
23410.2.61.210/3110.2.61.210 – 10.2.61.21110.2.61.211
23510.2.61.212/3110.2.61.212 – 10.2.61.21310.2.61.213
23610.2.61.214/3110.2.61.214 – 10.2.61.21510.2.61.215
23710.2.61.216/3110.2.61.216 – 10.2.61.21710.2.61.217
23810.2.61.218/3110.2.61.218 – 10.2.61.21910.2.61.219
23910.2.61.220/3110.2.61.220 – 10.2.61.22110.2.61.221
24010.2.61.222/3110.2.61.222 – 10.2.61.22310.2.61.223
24110.2.61.224/3110.2.61.224 – 10.2.61.22510.2.61.225
24210.2.61.226/3110.2.61.226 – 10.2.61.22710.2.61.227
24310.2.61.228/3110.2.61.228 – 10.2.61.22910.2.61.229
24410.2.61.230/3110.2.61.230 – 10.2.61.23110.2.61.231
24510.2.61.232/3110.2.61.232 – 10.2.61.23310.2.61.233
24610.2.61.234/3110.2.61.234 – 10.2.61.23510.2.61.235
24710.2.61.236/3110.2.61.236 – 10.2.61.23710.2.61.237
24810.2.61.238/3110.2.61.238 – 10.2.61.23910.2.61.239
24910.2.61.240/3110.2.61.240 – 10.2.61.24110.2.61.241
25010.2.61.242/3110.2.61.242 – 10.2.61.24310.2.61.243
25110.2.61.244/3110.2.61.244 – 10.2.61.24510.2.61.245
25210.2.61.246/3110.2.61.246 – 10.2.61.24710.2.61.247
25310.2.61.248/3110.2.61.248 – 10.2.61.24910.2.61.249
25410.2.61.250/3110.2.61.250 – 10.2.61.25110.2.61.251
25510.2.61.252/3110.2.61.252 – 10.2.61.25310.2.61.253
25610.2.61.254/3110.2.61.254 – 10.2.61.25510.2.61.255
01 / table

IPv4 CIDR prefix table.

Click a prefix longer than your network to split it into subnets.

prefixsubnet maskaddresseshostsin your /23
/00.0.0.04,294,967,2964,294,967,294-
/1128.0.0.02,147,483,6482,147,483,646-
/2192.0.0.01,073,741,8241,073,741,822-
/3224.0.0.0536,870,912536,870,910-
/4240.0.0.0268,435,456268,435,454-
/5248.0.0.0134,217,728134,217,726-
/6252.0.0.067,108,86467,108,862-
/7254.0.0.033,554,43233,554,430-
/8255.0.0.016,777,21616,777,214-
/9255.128.0.08,388,6088,388,606-
/10255.192.0.04,194,3044,194,302-
/11255.224.0.02,097,1522,097,150-
/12255.240.0.01,048,5761,048,574-
/13255.248.0.0524,288524,286-
/14255.252.0.0262,144262,142-
/15255.254.0.0131,072131,070-
/16255.255.0.065,53665,534-
/17255.255.128.032,76832,766-
/18255.255.192.016,38416,382-
/19255.255.224.08,1928,190-
/20255.255.240.04,0964,094-
/21255.255.248.02,0482,046-
/22255.255.252.01,0241,022-
/23255.255.254.05125101
/24255.255.255.02562542 split →
/25255.255.255.1281281264 split →
/26255.255.255.19264628 split →
/27255.255.255.224323016 split →
/28255.255.255.240161432 split →
/29255.255.255.2488664 split →
/30255.255.255.25242128 split →
/31255.255.255.25422256 split →
/32255.255.255.25511512 split →
02 / faq

About this calculator.

How do I use this subnet calculator?

▼

Type an IP address followed by a prefix, like 192.168.1.10/24, or by a subnet mask, like 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0. Without a prefix it uses /24. Click a row in the table to split the network into smaller subnets.

Why are usable hosts always 2 fewer?

▼

The first address in a subnet is the network address and the last is the broadcast address, so neither can go to a device. The exceptions are /31 (point-to-point links, RFC 3021) and /32 (a single address), which use every address.

Can I use it from a terminal?

▼

Yes. curl 'ipku.in/en/tools/ipv4-subnet-calculator?q=192.168.1.10/24' returns the result as plain text.

Learn how to work it out →