ip
ipku.in

IPv4 Subnet Calculator

Enter an IP with a CIDR prefix or a subnet mask to see its network, broadcast, host range, and host count. You can also split the network into smaller subnets.

$ ipcalc
private IP (RFC 1918)10.167.50.0/23
network10.167.50.0/23
broadcast10.167.51.255
first host10.167.50.1
last host10.167.51.254
subnet mask255.255.254.0
wildcard0.0.1.255
addresses512
usable hosts510
classA
ipcalc 10.167.50.0/23
address00001010.10100111.00110010.00000000
subnet mask11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000
network00001010.10100111.00110010.00000000
broadcast00001010.10100111.00110011.11111111
green = network part, grey = host part
hex0x0aa73200
decimal178729472
reverse dns0.50.167.10.in-addr.arpa
ipv4-mapped::ffff:aa7:3200

/23 split into /31 · 256 subnets

close ×
#networkhost rangebroadcast
110.167.50.0/3110.167.50.0 – 10.167.50.110.167.50.1
210.167.50.2/3110.167.50.2 – 10.167.50.310.167.50.3
310.167.50.4/3110.167.50.4 – 10.167.50.510.167.50.5
410.167.50.6/3110.167.50.6 – 10.167.50.710.167.50.7
510.167.50.8/3110.167.50.8 – 10.167.50.910.167.50.9
610.167.50.10/3110.167.50.10 – 10.167.50.1110.167.50.11
710.167.50.12/3110.167.50.12 – 10.167.50.1310.167.50.13
810.167.50.14/3110.167.50.14 – 10.167.50.1510.167.50.15
910.167.50.16/3110.167.50.16 – 10.167.50.1710.167.50.17
1010.167.50.18/3110.167.50.18 – 10.167.50.1910.167.50.19
1110.167.50.20/3110.167.50.20 – 10.167.50.2110.167.50.21
1210.167.50.22/3110.167.50.22 – 10.167.50.2310.167.50.23
1310.167.50.24/3110.167.50.24 – 10.167.50.2510.167.50.25
1410.167.50.26/3110.167.50.26 – 10.167.50.2710.167.50.27
1510.167.50.28/3110.167.50.28 – 10.167.50.2910.167.50.29
1610.167.50.30/3110.167.50.30 – 10.167.50.3110.167.50.31
1710.167.50.32/3110.167.50.32 – 10.167.50.3310.167.50.33
1810.167.50.34/3110.167.50.34 – 10.167.50.3510.167.50.35
1910.167.50.36/3110.167.50.36 – 10.167.50.3710.167.50.37
2010.167.50.38/3110.167.50.38 – 10.167.50.3910.167.50.39
2110.167.50.40/3110.167.50.40 – 10.167.50.4110.167.50.41
2210.167.50.42/3110.167.50.42 – 10.167.50.4310.167.50.43
2310.167.50.44/3110.167.50.44 – 10.167.50.4510.167.50.45
2410.167.50.46/3110.167.50.46 – 10.167.50.4710.167.50.47
2510.167.50.48/3110.167.50.48 – 10.167.50.4910.167.50.49
2610.167.50.50/3110.167.50.50 – 10.167.50.5110.167.50.51
2710.167.50.52/3110.167.50.52 – 10.167.50.5310.167.50.53
2810.167.50.54/3110.167.50.54 – 10.167.50.5510.167.50.55
2910.167.50.56/3110.167.50.56 – 10.167.50.5710.167.50.57
3010.167.50.58/3110.167.50.58 – 10.167.50.5910.167.50.59
3110.167.50.60/3110.167.50.60 – 10.167.50.6110.167.50.61
3210.167.50.62/3110.167.50.62 – 10.167.50.6310.167.50.63
3310.167.50.64/3110.167.50.64 – 10.167.50.6510.167.50.65
3410.167.50.66/3110.167.50.66 – 10.167.50.6710.167.50.67
3510.167.50.68/3110.167.50.68 – 10.167.50.6910.167.50.69
3610.167.50.70/3110.167.50.70 – 10.167.50.7110.167.50.71
3710.167.50.72/3110.167.50.72 – 10.167.50.7310.167.50.73
3810.167.50.74/3110.167.50.74 – 10.167.50.7510.167.50.75
3910.167.50.76/3110.167.50.76 – 10.167.50.7710.167.50.77
4010.167.50.78/3110.167.50.78 – 10.167.50.7910.167.50.79
4110.167.50.80/3110.167.50.80 – 10.167.50.8110.167.50.81
4210.167.50.82/3110.167.50.82 – 10.167.50.8310.167.50.83
4310.167.50.84/3110.167.50.84 – 10.167.50.8510.167.50.85
4410.167.50.86/3110.167.50.86 – 10.167.50.8710.167.50.87
4510.167.50.88/3110.167.50.88 – 10.167.50.8910.167.50.89
4610.167.50.90/3110.167.50.90 – 10.167.50.9110.167.50.91
4710.167.50.92/3110.167.50.92 – 10.167.50.9310.167.50.93
4810.167.50.94/3110.167.50.94 – 10.167.50.9510.167.50.95
4910.167.50.96/3110.167.50.96 – 10.167.50.9710.167.50.97
5010.167.50.98/3110.167.50.98 – 10.167.50.9910.167.50.99
5110.167.50.100/3110.167.50.100 – 10.167.50.10110.167.50.101
5210.167.50.102/3110.167.50.102 – 10.167.50.10310.167.50.103
5310.167.50.104/3110.167.50.104 – 10.167.50.10510.167.50.105
5410.167.50.106/3110.167.50.106 – 10.167.50.10710.167.50.107
5510.167.50.108/3110.167.50.108 – 10.167.50.10910.167.50.109
5610.167.50.110/3110.167.50.110 – 10.167.50.11110.167.50.111
5710.167.50.112/3110.167.50.112 – 10.167.50.11310.167.50.113
5810.167.50.114/3110.167.50.114 – 10.167.50.11510.167.50.115
5910.167.50.116/3110.167.50.116 – 10.167.50.11710.167.50.117
6010.167.50.118/3110.167.50.118 – 10.167.50.11910.167.50.119
6110.167.50.120/3110.167.50.120 – 10.167.50.12110.167.50.121
6210.167.50.122/3110.167.50.122 – 10.167.50.12310.167.50.123
6310.167.50.124/3110.167.50.124 – 10.167.50.12510.167.50.125
6410.167.50.126/3110.167.50.126 – 10.167.50.12710.167.50.127
6510.167.50.128/3110.167.50.128 – 10.167.50.12910.167.50.129
6610.167.50.130/3110.167.50.130 – 10.167.50.13110.167.50.131
6710.167.50.132/3110.167.50.132 – 10.167.50.13310.167.50.133
6810.167.50.134/3110.167.50.134 – 10.167.50.13510.167.50.135
6910.167.50.136/3110.167.50.136 – 10.167.50.13710.167.50.137
7010.167.50.138/3110.167.50.138 – 10.167.50.13910.167.50.139
7110.167.50.140/3110.167.50.140 – 10.167.50.14110.167.50.141
7210.167.50.142/3110.167.50.142 – 10.167.50.14310.167.50.143
7310.167.50.144/3110.167.50.144 – 10.167.50.14510.167.50.145
7410.167.50.146/3110.167.50.146 – 10.167.50.14710.167.50.147
7510.167.50.148/3110.167.50.148 – 10.167.50.14910.167.50.149
7610.167.50.150/3110.167.50.150 – 10.167.50.15110.167.50.151
7710.167.50.152/3110.167.50.152 – 10.167.50.15310.167.50.153
7810.167.50.154/3110.167.50.154 – 10.167.50.15510.167.50.155
7910.167.50.156/3110.167.50.156 – 10.167.50.15710.167.50.157
8010.167.50.158/3110.167.50.158 – 10.167.50.15910.167.50.159
8110.167.50.160/3110.167.50.160 – 10.167.50.16110.167.50.161
8210.167.50.162/3110.167.50.162 – 10.167.50.16310.167.50.163
8310.167.50.164/3110.167.50.164 – 10.167.50.16510.167.50.165
8410.167.50.166/3110.167.50.166 – 10.167.50.16710.167.50.167
8510.167.50.168/3110.167.50.168 – 10.167.50.16910.167.50.169
8610.167.50.170/3110.167.50.170 – 10.167.50.17110.167.50.171
8710.167.50.172/3110.167.50.172 – 10.167.50.17310.167.50.173
8810.167.50.174/3110.167.50.174 – 10.167.50.17510.167.50.175
8910.167.50.176/3110.167.50.176 – 10.167.50.17710.167.50.177
9010.167.50.178/3110.167.50.178 – 10.167.50.17910.167.50.179
9110.167.50.180/3110.167.50.180 – 10.167.50.18110.167.50.181
9210.167.50.182/3110.167.50.182 – 10.167.50.18310.167.50.183
9310.167.50.184/3110.167.50.184 – 10.167.50.18510.167.50.185
9410.167.50.186/3110.167.50.186 – 10.167.50.18710.167.50.187
9510.167.50.188/3110.167.50.188 – 10.167.50.18910.167.50.189
9610.167.50.190/3110.167.50.190 – 10.167.50.19110.167.50.191
9710.167.50.192/3110.167.50.192 – 10.167.50.19310.167.50.193
9810.167.50.194/3110.167.50.194 – 10.167.50.19510.167.50.195
9910.167.50.196/3110.167.50.196 – 10.167.50.19710.167.50.197
10010.167.50.198/3110.167.50.198 – 10.167.50.19910.167.50.199
10110.167.50.200/3110.167.50.200 – 10.167.50.20110.167.50.201
10210.167.50.202/3110.167.50.202 – 10.167.50.20310.167.50.203
10310.167.50.204/3110.167.50.204 – 10.167.50.20510.167.50.205
10410.167.50.206/3110.167.50.206 – 10.167.50.20710.167.50.207
10510.167.50.208/3110.167.50.208 – 10.167.50.20910.167.50.209
10610.167.50.210/3110.167.50.210 – 10.167.50.21110.167.50.211
10710.167.50.212/3110.167.50.212 – 10.167.50.21310.167.50.213
10810.167.50.214/3110.167.50.214 – 10.167.50.21510.167.50.215
10910.167.50.216/3110.167.50.216 – 10.167.50.21710.167.50.217
11010.167.50.218/3110.167.50.218 – 10.167.50.21910.167.50.219
11110.167.50.220/3110.167.50.220 – 10.167.50.22110.167.50.221
11210.167.50.222/3110.167.50.222 – 10.167.50.22310.167.50.223
11310.167.50.224/3110.167.50.224 – 10.167.50.22510.167.50.225
11410.167.50.226/3110.167.50.226 – 10.167.50.22710.167.50.227
11510.167.50.228/3110.167.50.228 – 10.167.50.22910.167.50.229
11610.167.50.230/3110.167.50.230 – 10.167.50.23110.167.50.231
11710.167.50.232/3110.167.50.232 – 10.167.50.23310.167.50.233
11810.167.50.234/3110.167.50.234 – 10.167.50.23510.167.50.235
11910.167.50.236/3110.167.50.236 – 10.167.50.23710.167.50.237
12010.167.50.238/3110.167.50.238 – 10.167.50.23910.167.50.239
12110.167.50.240/3110.167.50.240 – 10.167.50.24110.167.50.241
12210.167.50.242/3110.167.50.242 – 10.167.50.24310.167.50.243
12310.167.50.244/3110.167.50.244 – 10.167.50.24510.167.50.245
12410.167.50.246/3110.167.50.246 – 10.167.50.24710.167.50.247
12510.167.50.248/3110.167.50.248 – 10.167.50.24910.167.50.249
12610.167.50.250/3110.167.50.250 – 10.167.50.25110.167.50.251
12710.167.50.252/3110.167.50.252 – 10.167.50.25310.167.50.253
12810.167.50.254/3110.167.50.254 – 10.167.50.25510.167.50.255
12910.167.51.0/3110.167.51.0 – 10.167.51.110.167.51.1
13010.167.51.2/3110.167.51.2 – 10.167.51.310.167.51.3
13110.167.51.4/3110.167.51.4 – 10.167.51.510.167.51.5
13210.167.51.6/3110.167.51.6 – 10.167.51.710.167.51.7
13310.167.51.8/3110.167.51.8 – 10.167.51.910.167.51.9
13410.167.51.10/3110.167.51.10 – 10.167.51.1110.167.51.11
13510.167.51.12/3110.167.51.12 – 10.167.51.1310.167.51.13
13610.167.51.14/3110.167.51.14 – 10.167.51.1510.167.51.15
13710.167.51.16/3110.167.51.16 – 10.167.51.1710.167.51.17
13810.167.51.18/3110.167.51.18 – 10.167.51.1910.167.51.19
13910.167.51.20/3110.167.51.20 – 10.167.51.2110.167.51.21
14010.167.51.22/3110.167.51.22 – 10.167.51.2310.167.51.23
14110.167.51.24/3110.167.51.24 – 10.167.51.2510.167.51.25
14210.167.51.26/3110.167.51.26 – 10.167.51.2710.167.51.27
14310.167.51.28/3110.167.51.28 – 10.167.51.2910.167.51.29
14410.167.51.30/3110.167.51.30 – 10.167.51.3110.167.51.31
14510.167.51.32/3110.167.51.32 – 10.167.51.3310.167.51.33
14610.167.51.34/3110.167.51.34 – 10.167.51.3510.167.51.35
14710.167.51.36/3110.167.51.36 – 10.167.51.3710.167.51.37
14810.167.51.38/3110.167.51.38 – 10.167.51.3910.167.51.39
14910.167.51.40/3110.167.51.40 – 10.167.51.4110.167.51.41
15010.167.51.42/3110.167.51.42 – 10.167.51.4310.167.51.43
15110.167.51.44/3110.167.51.44 – 10.167.51.4510.167.51.45
15210.167.51.46/3110.167.51.46 – 10.167.51.4710.167.51.47
15310.167.51.48/3110.167.51.48 – 10.167.51.4910.167.51.49
15410.167.51.50/3110.167.51.50 – 10.167.51.5110.167.51.51
15510.167.51.52/3110.167.51.52 – 10.167.51.5310.167.51.53
15610.167.51.54/3110.167.51.54 – 10.167.51.5510.167.51.55
15710.167.51.56/3110.167.51.56 – 10.167.51.5710.167.51.57
15810.167.51.58/3110.167.51.58 – 10.167.51.5910.167.51.59
15910.167.51.60/3110.167.51.60 – 10.167.51.6110.167.51.61
16010.167.51.62/3110.167.51.62 – 10.167.51.6310.167.51.63
16110.167.51.64/3110.167.51.64 – 10.167.51.6510.167.51.65
16210.167.51.66/3110.167.51.66 – 10.167.51.6710.167.51.67
16310.167.51.68/3110.167.51.68 – 10.167.51.6910.167.51.69
16410.167.51.70/3110.167.51.70 – 10.167.51.7110.167.51.71
16510.167.51.72/3110.167.51.72 – 10.167.51.7310.167.51.73
16610.167.51.74/3110.167.51.74 – 10.167.51.7510.167.51.75
16710.167.51.76/3110.167.51.76 – 10.167.51.7710.167.51.77
16810.167.51.78/3110.167.51.78 – 10.167.51.7910.167.51.79
16910.167.51.80/3110.167.51.80 – 10.167.51.8110.167.51.81
17010.167.51.82/3110.167.51.82 – 10.167.51.8310.167.51.83
17110.167.51.84/3110.167.51.84 – 10.167.51.8510.167.51.85
17210.167.51.86/3110.167.51.86 – 10.167.51.8710.167.51.87
17310.167.51.88/3110.167.51.88 – 10.167.51.8910.167.51.89
17410.167.51.90/3110.167.51.90 – 10.167.51.9110.167.51.91
17510.167.51.92/3110.167.51.92 – 10.167.51.9310.167.51.93
17610.167.51.94/3110.167.51.94 – 10.167.51.9510.167.51.95
17710.167.51.96/3110.167.51.96 – 10.167.51.9710.167.51.97
17810.167.51.98/3110.167.51.98 – 10.167.51.9910.167.51.99
17910.167.51.100/3110.167.51.100 – 10.167.51.10110.167.51.101
18010.167.51.102/3110.167.51.102 – 10.167.51.10310.167.51.103
18110.167.51.104/3110.167.51.104 – 10.167.51.10510.167.51.105
18210.167.51.106/3110.167.51.106 – 10.167.51.10710.167.51.107
18310.167.51.108/3110.167.51.108 – 10.167.51.10910.167.51.109
18410.167.51.110/3110.167.51.110 – 10.167.51.11110.167.51.111
18510.167.51.112/3110.167.51.112 – 10.167.51.11310.167.51.113
18610.167.51.114/3110.167.51.114 – 10.167.51.11510.167.51.115
18710.167.51.116/3110.167.51.116 – 10.167.51.11710.167.51.117
18810.167.51.118/3110.167.51.118 – 10.167.51.11910.167.51.119
18910.167.51.120/3110.167.51.120 – 10.167.51.12110.167.51.121
19010.167.51.122/3110.167.51.122 – 10.167.51.12310.167.51.123
19110.167.51.124/3110.167.51.124 – 10.167.51.12510.167.51.125
19210.167.51.126/3110.167.51.126 – 10.167.51.12710.167.51.127
19310.167.51.128/3110.167.51.128 – 10.167.51.12910.167.51.129
19410.167.51.130/3110.167.51.130 – 10.167.51.13110.167.51.131
19510.167.51.132/3110.167.51.132 – 10.167.51.13310.167.51.133
19610.167.51.134/3110.167.51.134 – 10.167.51.13510.167.51.135
19710.167.51.136/3110.167.51.136 – 10.167.51.13710.167.51.137
19810.167.51.138/3110.167.51.138 – 10.167.51.13910.167.51.139
19910.167.51.140/3110.167.51.140 – 10.167.51.14110.167.51.141
20010.167.51.142/3110.167.51.142 – 10.167.51.14310.167.51.143
20110.167.51.144/3110.167.51.144 – 10.167.51.14510.167.51.145
20210.167.51.146/3110.167.51.146 – 10.167.51.14710.167.51.147
20310.167.51.148/3110.167.51.148 – 10.167.51.14910.167.51.149
20410.167.51.150/3110.167.51.150 – 10.167.51.15110.167.51.151
20510.167.51.152/3110.167.51.152 – 10.167.51.15310.167.51.153
20610.167.51.154/3110.167.51.154 – 10.167.51.15510.167.51.155
20710.167.51.156/3110.167.51.156 – 10.167.51.15710.167.51.157
20810.167.51.158/3110.167.51.158 – 10.167.51.15910.167.51.159
20910.167.51.160/3110.167.51.160 – 10.167.51.16110.167.51.161
21010.167.51.162/3110.167.51.162 – 10.167.51.16310.167.51.163
21110.167.51.164/3110.167.51.164 – 10.167.51.16510.167.51.165
21210.167.51.166/3110.167.51.166 – 10.167.51.16710.167.51.167
21310.167.51.168/3110.167.51.168 – 10.167.51.16910.167.51.169
21410.167.51.170/3110.167.51.170 – 10.167.51.17110.167.51.171
21510.167.51.172/3110.167.51.172 – 10.167.51.17310.167.51.173
21610.167.51.174/3110.167.51.174 – 10.167.51.17510.167.51.175
21710.167.51.176/3110.167.51.176 – 10.167.51.17710.167.51.177
21810.167.51.178/3110.167.51.178 – 10.167.51.17910.167.51.179
21910.167.51.180/3110.167.51.180 – 10.167.51.18110.167.51.181
22010.167.51.182/3110.167.51.182 – 10.167.51.18310.167.51.183
22110.167.51.184/3110.167.51.184 – 10.167.51.18510.167.51.185
22210.167.51.186/3110.167.51.186 – 10.167.51.18710.167.51.187
22310.167.51.188/3110.167.51.188 – 10.167.51.18910.167.51.189
22410.167.51.190/3110.167.51.190 – 10.167.51.19110.167.51.191
22510.167.51.192/3110.167.51.192 – 10.167.51.19310.167.51.193
22610.167.51.194/3110.167.51.194 – 10.167.51.19510.167.51.195
22710.167.51.196/3110.167.51.196 – 10.167.51.19710.167.51.197
22810.167.51.198/3110.167.51.198 – 10.167.51.19910.167.51.199
22910.167.51.200/3110.167.51.200 – 10.167.51.20110.167.51.201
23010.167.51.202/3110.167.51.202 – 10.167.51.20310.167.51.203
23110.167.51.204/3110.167.51.204 – 10.167.51.20510.167.51.205
23210.167.51.206/3110.167.51.206 – 10.167.51.20710.167.51.207
23310.167.51.208/3110.167.51.208 – 10.167.51.20910.167.51.209
23410.167.51.210/3110.167.51.210 – 10.167.51.21110.167.51.211
23510.167.51.212/3110.167.51.212 – 10.167.51.21310.167.51.213
23610.167.51.214/3110.167.51.214 – 10.167.51.21510.167.51.215
23710.167.51.216/3110.167.51.216 – 10.167.51.21710.167.51.217
23810.167.51.218/3110.167.51.218 – 10.167.51.21910.167.51.219
23910.167.51.220/3110.167.51.220 – 10.167.51.22110.167.51.221
24010.167.51.222/3110.167.51.222 – 10.167.51.22310.167.51.223
24110.167.51.224/3110.167.51.224 – 10.167.51.22510.167.51.225
24210.167.51.226/3110.167.51.226 – 10.167.51.22710.167.51.227
24310.167.51.228/3110.167.51.228 – 10.167.51.22910.167.51.229
24410.167.51.230/3110.167.51.230 – 10.167.51.23110.167.51.231
24510.167.51.232/3110.167.51.232 – 10.167.51.23310.167.51.233
24610.167.51.234/3110.167.51.234 – 10.167.51.23510.167.51.235
24710.167.51.236/3110.167.51.236 – 10.167.51.23710.167.51.237
24810.167.51.238/3110.167.51.238 – 10.167.51.23910.167.51.239
24910.167.51.240/3110.167.51.240 – 10.167.51.24110.167.51.241
25010.167.51.242/3110.167.51.242 – 10.167.51.24310.167.51.243
25110.167.51.244/3110.167.51.244 – 10.167.51.24510.167.51.245
25210.167.51.246/3110.167.51.246 – 10.167.51.24710.167.51.247
25310.167.51.248/3110.167.51.248 – 10.167.51.24910.167.51.249
25410.167.51.250/3110.167.51.250 – 10.167.51.25110.167.51.251
25510.167.51.252/3110.167.51.252 – 10.167.51.25310.167.51.253
25610.167.51.254/3110.167.51.254 – 10.167.51.25510.167.51.255
01 / table

IPv4 CIDR prefix table.

Click a prefix longer than your network to split it into subnets.

prefixsubnet maskaddresseshostsin your /23
/00.0.0.04,294,967,2964,294,967,294-
/1128.0.0.02,147,483,6482,147,483,646-
/2192.0.0.01,073,741,8241,073,741,822-
/3224.0.0.0536,870,912536,870,910-
/4240.0.0.0268,435,456268,435,454-
/5248.0.0.0134,217,728134,217,726-
/6252.0.0.067,108,86467,108,862-
/7254.0.0.033,554,43233,554,430-
/8255.0.0.016,777,21616,777,214-
/9255.128.0.08,388,6088,388,606-
/10255.192.0.04,194,3044,194,302-
/11255.224.0.02,097,1522,097,150-
/12255.240.0.01,048,5761,048,574-
/13255.248.0.0524,288524,286-
/14255.252.0.0262,144262,142-
/15255.254.0.0131,072131,070-
/16255.255.0.065,53665,534-
/17255.255.128.032,76832,766-
/18255.255.192.016,38416,382-
/19255.255.224.08,1928,190-
/20255.255.240.04,0964,094-
/21255.255.248.02,0482,046-
/22255.255.252.01,0241,022-
/23255.255.254.05125101
/24255.255.255.02562542 split →
/25255.255.255.1281281264 split →
/26255.255.255.19264628 split →
/27255.255.255.224323016 split →
/28255.255.255.240161432 split →
/29255.255.255.2488664 split →
/30255.255.255.25242128 split →
/31255.255.255.25422256 split →
/32255.255.255.25511512 split →
02 / faq

About this calculator.

How do I use this subnet calculator?

▼

Type an IP address followed by a prefix, like 192.168.1.10/24, or by a subnet mask, like 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0. Without a prefix it uses /24. Click a row in the table to split the network into smaller subnets.

Why are usable hosts always 2 fewer?

▼

The first address in a subnet is the network address and the last is the broadcast address, so neither can go to a device. The exceptions are /31 (point-to-point links, RFC 3021) and /32 (a single address), which use every address.

Can I use it from a terminal?

▼

Yes. curl 'ipku.in/en/tools/ipv4-subnet-calculator?q=192.168.1.10/24' returns the result as plain text.

Learn how to work it out →