ip
ipku.in

IPv4 Subnet Calculator

Enter an IP with a CIDR prefix or a subnet mask to see its network, broadcast, host range, and host count. You can also split the network into smaller subnets.

$ ipcalc
private IP (RFC 1918)10.167.250.0/23
network10.167.250.0/23
broadcast10.167.251.255
first host10.167.250.1
last host10.167.251.254
subnet mask255.255.254.0
wildcard0.0.1.255
addresses512
usable hosts510
classA
ipcalc 10.167.250.0/23
address00001010.10100111.11111010.00000000
subnet mask11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000
network00001010.10100111.11111010.00000000
broadcast00001010.10100111.11111011.11111111
green = network part, grey = host part
hex0x0aa7fa00
decimal178780672
reverse dns0.250.167.10.in-addr.arpa
ipv4-mapped::ffff:aa7:fa00

/23 split into /31 · 256 subnets

close ×
#networkhost rangebroadcast
110.167.250.0/3110.167.250.0 – 10.167.250.110.167.250.1
210.167.250.2/3110.167.250.2 – 10.167.250.310.167.250.3
310.167.250.4/3110.167.250.4 – 10.167.250.510.167.250.5
410.167.250.6/3110.167.250.6 – 10.167.250.710.167.250.7
510.167.250.8/3110.167.250.8 – 10.167.250.910.167.250.9
610.167.250.10/3110.167.250.10 – 10.167.250.1110.167.250.11
710.167.250.12/3110.167.250.12 – 10.167.250.1310.167.250.13
810.167.250.14/3110.167.250.14 – 10.167.250.1510.167.250.15
910.167.250.16/3110.167.250.16 – 10.167.250.1710.167.250.17
1010.167.250.18/3110.167.250.18 – 10.167.250.1910.167.250.19
1110.167.250.20/3110.167.250.20 – 10.167.250.2110.167.250.21
1210.167.250.22/3110.167.250.22 – 10.167.250.2310.167.250.23
1310.167.250.24/3110.167.250.24 – 10.167.250.2510.167.250.25
1410.167.250.26/3110.167.250.26 – 10.167.250.2710.167.250.27
1510.167.250.28/3110.167.250.28 – 10.167.250.2910.167.250.29
1610.167.250.30/3110.167.250.30 – 10.167.250.3110.167.250.31
1710.167.250.32/3110.167.250.32 – 10.167.250.3310.167.250.33
1810.167.250.34/3110.167.250.34 – 10.167.250.3510.167.250.35
1910.167.250.36/3110.167.250.36 – 10.167.250.3710.167.250.37
2010.167.250.38/3110.167.250.38 – 10.167.250.3910.167.250.39
2110.167.250.40/3110.167.250.40 – 10.167.250.4110.167.250.41
2210.167.250.42/3110.167.250.42 – 10.167.250.4310.167.250.43
2310.167.250.44/3110.167.250.44 – 10.167.250.4510.167.250.45
2410.167.250.46/3110.167.250.46 – 10.167.250.4710.167.250.47
2510.167.250.48/3110.167.250.48 – 10.167.250.4910.167.250.49
2610.167.250.50/3110.167.250.50 – 10.167.250.5110.167.250.51
2710.167.250.52/3110.167.250.52 – 10.167.250.5310.167.250.53
2810.167.250.54/3110.167.250.54 – 10.167.250.5510.167.250.55
2910.167.250.56/3110.167.250.56 – 10.167.250.5710.167.250.57
3010.167.250.58/3110.167.250.58 – 10.167.250.5910.167.250.59
3110.167.250.60/3110.167.250.60 – 10.167.250.6110.167.250.61
3210.167.250.62/3110.167.250.62 – 10.167.250.6310.167.250.63
3310.167.250.64/3110.167.250.64 – 10.167.250.6510.167.250.65
3410.167.250.66/3110.167.250.66 – 10.167.250.6710.167.250.67
3510.167.250.68/3110.167.250.68 – 10.167.250.6910.167.250.69
3610.167.250.70/3110.167.250.70 – 10.167.250.7110.167.250.71
3710.167.250.72/3110.167.250.72 – 10.167.250.7310.167.250.73
3810.167.250.74/3110.167.250.74 – 10.167.250.7510.167.250.75
3910.167.250.76/3110.167.250.76 – 10.167.250.7710.167.250.77
4010.167.250.78/3110.167.250.78 – 10.167.250.7910.167.250.79
4110.167.250.80/3110.167.250.80 – 10.167.250.8110.167.250.81
4210.167.250.82/3110.167.250.82 – 10.167.250.8310.167.250.83
4310.167.250.84/3110.167.250.84 – 10.167.250.8510.167.250.85
4410.167.250.86/3110.167.250.86 – 10.167.250.8710.167.250.87
4510.167.250.88/3110.167.250.88 – 10.167.250.8910.167.250.89
4610.167.250.90/3110.167.250.90 – 10.167.250.9110.167.250.91
4710.167.250.92/3110.167.250.92 – 10.167.250.9310.167.250.93
4810.167.250.94/3110.167.250.94 – 10.167.250.9510.167.250.95
4910.167.250.96/3110.167.250.96 – 10.167.250.9710.167.250.97
5010.167.250.98/3110.167.250.98 – 10.167.250.9910.167.250.99
5110.167.250.100/3110.167.250.100 – 10.167.250.10110.167.250.101
5210.167.250.102/3110.167.250.102 – 10.167.250.10310.167.250.103
5310.167.250.104/3110.167.250.104 – 10.167.250.10510.167.250.105
5410.167.250.106/3110.167.250.106 – 10.167.250.10710.167.250.107
5510.167.250.108/3110.167.250.108 – 10.167.250.10910.167.250.109
5610.167.250.110/3110.167.250.110 – 10.167.250.11110.167.250.111
5710.167.250.112/3110.167.250.112 – 10.167.250.11310.167.250.113
5810.167.250.114/3110.167.250.114 – 10.167.250.11510.167.250.115
5910.167.250.116/3110.167.250.116 – 10.167.250.11710.167.250.117
6010.167.250.118/3110.167.250.118 – 10.167.250.11910.167.250.119
6110.167.250.120/3110.167.250.120 – 10.167.250.12110.167.250.121
6210.167.250.122/3110.167.250.122 – 10.167.250.12310.167.250.123
6310.167.250.124/3110.167.250.124 – 10.167.250.12510.167.250.125
6410.167.250.126/3110.167.250.126 – 10.167.250.12710.167.250.127
6510.167.250.128/3110.167.250.128 – 10.167.250.12910.167.250.129
6610.167.250.130/3110.167.250.130 – 10.167.250.13110.167.250.131
6710.167.250.132/3110.167.250.132 – 10.167.250.13310.167.250.133
6810.167.250.134/3110.167.250.134 – 10.167.250.13510.167.250.135
6910.167.250.136/3110.167.250.136 – 10.167.250.13710.167.250.137
7010.167.250.138/3110.167.250.138 – 10.167.250.13910.167.250.139
7110.167.250.140/3110.167.250.140 – 10.167.250.14110.167.250.141
7210.167.250.142/3110.167.250.142 – 10.167.250.14310.167.250.143
7310.167.250.144/3110.167.250.144 – 10.167.250.14510.167.250.145
7410.167.250.146/3110.167.250.146 – 10.167.250.14710.167.250.147
7510.167.250.148/3110.167.250.148 – 10.167.250.14910.167.250.149
7610.167.250.150/3110.167.250.150 – 10.167.250.15110.167.250.151
7710.167.250.152/3110.167.250.152 – 10.167.250.15310.167.250.153
7810.167.250.154/3110.167.250.154 – 10.167.250.15510.167.250.155
7910.167.250.156/3110.167.250.156 – 10.167.250.15710.167.250.157
8010.167.250.158/3110.167.250.158 – 10.167.250.15910.167.250.159
8110.167.250.160/3110.167.250.160 – 10.167.250.16110.167.250.161
8210.167.250.162/3110.167.250.162 – 10.167.250.16310.167.250.163
8310.167.250.164/3110.167.250.164 – 10.167.250.16510.167.250.165
8410.167.250.166/3110.167.250.166 – 10.167.250.16710.167.250.167
8510.167.250.168/3110.167.250.168 – 10.167.250.16910.167.250.169
8610.167.250.170/3110.167.250.170 – 10.167.250.17110.167.250.171
8710.167.250.172/3110.167.250.172 – 10.167.250.17310.167.250.173
8810.167.250.174/3110.167.250.174 – 10.167.250.17510.167.250.175
8910.167.250.176/3110.167.250.176 – 10.167.250.17710.167.250.177
9010.167.250.178/3110.167.250.178 – 10.167.250.17910.167.250.179
9110.167.250.180/3110.167.250.180 – 10.167.250.18110.167.250.181
9210.167.250.182/3110.167.250.182 – 10.167.250.18310.167.250.183
9310.167.250.184/3110.167.250.184 – 10.167.250.18510.167.250.185
9410.167.250.186/3110.167.250.186 – 10.167.250.18710.167.250.187
9510.167.250.188/3110.167.250.188 – 10.167.250.18910.167.250.189
9610.167.250.190/3110.167.250.190 – 10.167.250.19110.167.250.191
9710.167.250.192/3110.167.250.192 – 10.167.250.19310.167.250.193
9810.167.250.194/3110.167.250.194 – 10.167.250.19510.167.250.195
9910.167.250.196/3110.167.250.196 – 10.167.250.19710.167.250.197
10010.167.250.198/3110.167.250.198 – 10.167.250.19910.167.250.199
10110.167.250.200/3110.167.250.200 – 10.167.250.20110.167.250.201
10210.167.250.202/3110.167.250.202 – 10.167.250.20310.167.250.203
10310.167.250.204/3110.167.250.204 – 10.167.250.20510.167.250.205
10410.167.250.206/3110.167.250.206 – 10.167.250.20710.167.250.207
10510.167.250.208/3110.167.250.208 – 10.167.250.20910.167.250.209
10610.167.250.210/3110.167.250.210 – 10.167.250.21110.167.250.211
10710.167.250.212/3110.167.250.212 – 10.167.250.21310.167.250.213
10810.167.250.214/3110.167.250.214 – 10.167.250.21510.167.250.215
10910.167.250.216/3110.167.250.216 – 10.167.250.21710.167.250.217
11010.167.250.218/3110.167.250.218 – 10.167.250.21910.167.250.219
11110.167.250.220/3110.167.250.220 – 10.167.250.22110.167.250.221
11210.167.250.222/3110.167.250.222 – 10.167.250.22310.167.250.223
11310.167.250.224/3110.167.250.224 – 10.167.250.22510.167.250.225
11410.167.250.226/3110.167.250.226 – 10.167.250.22710.167.250.227
11510.167.250.228/3110.167.250.228 – 10.167.250.22910.167.250.229
11610.167.250.230/3110.167.250.230 – 10.167.250.23110.167.250.231
11710.167.250.232/3110.167.250.232 – 10.167.250.23310.167.250.233
11810.167.250.234/3110.167.250.234 – 10.167.250.23510.167.250.235
11910.167.250.236/3110.167.250.236 – 10.167.250.23710.167.250.237
12010.167.250.238/3110.167.250.238 – 10.167.250.23910.167.250.239
12110.167.250.240/3110.167.250.240 – 10.167.250.24110.167.250.241
12210.167.250.242/3110.167.250.242 – 10.167.250.24310.167.250.243
12310.167.250.244/3110.167.250.244 – 10.167.250.24510.167.250.245
12410.167.250.246/3110.167.250.246 – 10.167.250.24710.167.250.247
12510.167.250.248/3110.167.250.248 – 10.167.250.24910.167.250.249
12610.167.250.250/3110.167.250.250 – 10.167.250.25110.167.250.251
12710.167.250.252/3110.167.250.252 – 10.167.250.25310.167.250.253
12810.167.250.254/3110.167.250.254 – 10.167.250.25510.167.250.255
12910.167.251.0/3110.167.251.0 – 10.167.251.110.167.251.1
13010.167.251.2/3110.167.251.2 – 10.167.251.310.167.251.3
13110.167.251.4/3110.167.251.4 – 10.167.251.510.167.251.5
13210.167.251.6/3110.167.251.6 – 10.167.251.710.167.251.7
13310.167.251.8/3110.167.251.8 – 10.167.251.910.167.251.9
13410.167.251.10/3110.167.251.10 – 10.167.251.1110.167.251.11
13510.167.251.12/3110.167.251.12 – 10.167.251.1310.167.251.13
13610.167.251.14/3110.167.251.14 – 10.167.251.1510.167.251.15
13710.167.251.16/3110.167.251.16 – 10.167.251.1710.167.251.17
13810.167.251.18/3110.167.251.18 – 10.167.251.1910.167.251.19
13910.167.251.20/3110.167.251.20 – 10.167.251.2110.167.251.21
14010.167.251.22/3110.167.251.22 – 10.167.251.2310.167.251.23
14110.167.251.24/3110.167.251.24 – 10.167.251.2510.167.251.25
14210.167.251.26/3110.167.251.26 – 10.167.251.2710.167.251.27
14310.167.251.28/3110.167.251.28 – 10.167.251.2910.167.251.29
14410.167.251.30/3110.167.251.30 – 10.167.251.3110.167.251.31
14510.167.251.32/3110.167.251.32 – 10.167.251.3310.167.251.33
14610.167.251.34/3110.167.251.34 – 10.167.251.3510.167.251.35
14710.167.251.36/3110.167.251.36 – 10.167.251.3710.167.251.37
14810.167.251.38/3110.167.251.38 – 10.167.251.3910.167.251.39
14910.167.251.40/3110.167.251.40 – 10.167.251.4110.167.251.41
15010.167.251.42/3110.167.251.42 – 10.167.251.4310.167.251.43
15110.167.251.44/3110.167.251.44 – 10.167.251.4510.167.251.45
15210.167.251.46/3110.167.251.46 – 10.167.251.4710.167.251.47
15310.167.251.48/3110.167.251.48 – 10.167.251.4910.167.251.49
15410.167.251.50/3110.167.251.50 – 10.167.251.5110.167.251.51
15510.167.251.52/3110.167.251.52 – 10.167.251.5310.167.251.53
15610.167.251.54/3110.167.251.54 – 10.167.251.5510.167.251.55
15710.167.251.56/3110.167.251.56 – 10.167.251.5710.167.251.57
15810.167.251.58/3110.167.251.58 – 10.167.251.5910.167.251.59
15910.167.251.60/3110.167.251.60 – 10.167.251.6110.167.251.61
16010.167.251.62/3110.167.251.62 – 10.167.251.6310.167.251.63
16110.167.251.64/3110.167.251.64 – 10.167.251.6510.167.251.65
16210.167.251.66/3110.167.251.66 – 10.167.251.6710.167.251.67
16310.167.251.68/3110.167.251.68 – 10.167.251.6910.167.251.69
16410.167.251.70/3110.167.251.70 – 10.167.251.7110.167.251.71
16510.167.251.72/3110.167.251.72 – 10.167.251.7310.167.251.73
16610.167.251.74/3110.167.251.74 – 10.167.251.7510.167.251.75
16710.167.251.76/3110.167.251.76 – 10.167.251.7710.167.251.77
16810.167.251.78/3110.167.251.78 – 10.167.251.7910.167.251.79
16910.167.251.80/3110.167.251.80 – 10.167.251.8110.167.251.81
17010.167.251.82/3110.167.251.82 – 10.167.251.8310.167.251.83
17110.167.251.84/3110.167.251.84 – 10.167.251.8510.167.251.85
17210.167.251.86/3110.167.251.86 – 10.167.251.8710.167.251.87
17310.167.251.88/3110.167.251.88 – 10.167.251.8910.167.251.89
17410.167.251.90/3110.167.251.90 – 10.167.251.9110.167.251.91
17510.167.251.92/3110.167.251.92 – 10.167.251.9310.167.251.93
17610.167.251.94/3110.167.251.94 – 10.167.251.9510.167.251.95
17710.167.251.96/3110.167.251.96 – 10.167.251.9710.167.251.97
17810.167.251.98/3110.167.251.98 – 10.167.251.9910.167.251.99
17910.167.251.100/3110.167.251.100 – 10.167.251.10110.167.251.101
18010.167.251.102/3110.167.251.102 – 10.167.251.10310.167.251.103
18110.167.251.104/3110.167.251.104 – 10.167.251.10510.167.251.105
18210.167.251.106/3110.167.251.106 – 10.167.251.10710.167.251.107
18310.167.251.108/3110.167.251.108 – 10.167.251.10910.167.251.109
18410.167.251.110/3110.167.251.110 – 10.167.251.11110.167.251.111
18510.167.251.112/3110.167.251.112 – 10.167.251.11310.167.251.113
18610.167.251.114/3110.167.251.114 – 10.167.251.11510.167.251.115
18710.167.251.116/3110.167.251.116 – 10.167.251.11710.167.251.117
18810.167.251.118/3110.167.251.118 – 10.167.251.11910.167.251.119
18910.167.251.120/3110.167.251.120 – 10.167.251.12110.167.251.121
19010.167.251.122/3110.167.251.122 – 10.167.251.12310.167.251.123
19110.167.251.124/3110.167.251.124 – 10.167.251.12510.167.251.125
19210.167.251.126/3110.167.251.126 – 10.167.251.12710.167.251.127
19310.167.251.128/3110.167.251.128 – 10.167.251.12910.167.251.129
19410.167.251.130/3110.167.251.130 – 10.167.251.13110.167.251.131
19510.167.251.132/3110.167.251.132 – 10.167.251.13310.167.251.133
19610.167.251.134/3110.167.251.134 – 10.167.251.13510.167.251.135
19710.167.251.136/3110.167.251.136 – 10.167.251.13710.167.251.137
19810.167.251.138/3110.167.251.138 – 10.167.251.13910.167.251.139
19910.167.251.140/3110.167.251.140 – 10.167.251.14110.167.251.141
20010.167.251.142/3110.167.251.142 – 10.167.251.14310.167.251.143
20110.167.251.144/3110.167.251.144 – 10.167.251.14510.167.251.145
20210.167.251.146/3110.167.251.146 – 10.167.251.14710.167.251.147
20310.167.251.148/3110.167.251.148 – 10.167.251.14910.167.251.149
20410.167.251.150/3110.167.251.150 – 10.167.251.15110.167.251.151
20510.167.251.152/3110.167.251.152 – 10.167.251.15310.167.251.153
20610.167.251.154/3110.167.251.154 – 10.167.251.15510.167.251.155
20710.167.251.156/3110.167.251.156 – 10.167.251.15710.167.251.157
20810.167.251.158/3110.167.251.158 – 10.167.251.15910.167.251.159
20910.167.251.160/3110.167.251.160 – 10.167.251.16110.167.251.161
21010.167.251.162/3110.167.251.162 – 10.167.251.16310.167.251.163
21110.167.251.164/3110.167.251.164 – 10.167.251.16510.167.251.165
21210.167.251.166/3110.167.251.166 – 10.167.251.16710.167.251.167
21310.167.251.168/3110.167.251.168 – 10.167.251.16910.167.251.169
21410.167.251.170/3110.167.251.170 – 10.167.251.17110.167.251.171
21510.167.251.172/3110.167.251.172 – 10.167.251.17310.167.251.173
21610.167.251.174/3110.167.251.174 – 10.167.251.17510.167.251.175
21710.167.251.176/3110.167.251.176 – 10.167.251.17710.167.251.177
21810.167.251.178/3110.167.251.178 – 10.167.251.17910.167.251.179
21910.167.251.180/3110.167.251.180 – 10.167.251.18110.167.251.181
22010.167.251.182/3110.167.251.182 – 10.167.251.18310.167.251.183
22110.167.251.184/3110.167.251.184 – 10.167.251.18510.167.251.185
22210.167.251.186/3110.167.251.186 – 10.167.251.18710.167.251.187
22310.167.251.188/3110.167.251.188 – 10.167.251.18910.167.251.189
22410.167.251.190/3110.167.251.190 – 10.167.251.19110.167.251.191
22510.167.251.192/3110.167.251.192 – 10.167.251.19310.167.251.193
22610.167.251.194/3110.167.251.194 – 10.167.251.19510.167.251.195
22710.167.251.196/3110.167.251.196 – 10.167.251.19710.167.251.197
22810.167.251.198/3110.167.251.198 – 10.167.251.19910.167.251.199
22910.167.251.200/3110.167.251.200 – 10.167.251.20110.167.251.201
23010.167.251.202/3110.167.251.202 – 10.167.251.20310.167.251.203
23110.167.251.204/3110.167.251.204 – 10.167.251.20510.167.251.205
23210.167.251.206/3110.167.251.206 – 10.167.251.20710.167.251.207
23310.167.251.208/3110.167.251.208 – 10.167.251.20910.167.251.209
23410.167.251.210/3110.167.251.210 – 10.167.251.21110.167.251.211
23510.167.251.212/3110.167.251.212 – 10.167.251.21310.167.251.213
23610.167.251.214/3110.167.251.214 – 10.167.251.21510.167.251.215
23710.167.251.216/3110.167.251.216 – 10.167.251.21710.167.251.217
23810.167.251.218/3110.167.251.218 – 10.167.251.21910.167.251.219
23910.167.251.220/3110.167.251.220 – 10.167.251.22110.167.251.221
24010.167.251.222/3110.167.251.222 – 10.167.251.22310.167.251.223
24110.167.251.224/3110.167.251.224 – 10.167.251.22510.167.251.225
24210.167.251.226/3110.167.251.226 – 10.167.251.22710.167.251.227
24310.167.251.228/3110.167.251.228 – 10.167.251.22910.167.251.229
24410.167.251.230/3110.167.251.230 – 10.167.251.23110.167.251.231
24510.167.251.232/3110.167.251.232 – 10.167.251.23310.167.251.233
24610.167.251.234/3110.167.251.234 – 10.167.251.23510.167.251.235
24710.167.251.236/3110.167.251.236 – 10.167.251.23710.167.251.237
24810.167.251.238/3110.167.251.238 – 10.167.251.23910.167.251.239
24910.167.251.240/3110.167.251.240 – 10.167.251.24110.167.251.241
25010.167.251.242/3110.167.251.242 – 10.167.251.24310.167.251.243
25110.167.251.244/3110.167.251.244 – 10.167.251.24510.167.251.245
25210.167.251.246/3110.167.251.246 – 10.167.251.24710.167.251.247
25310.167.251.248/3110.167.251.248 – 10.167.251.24910.167.251.249
25410.167.251.250/3110.167.251.250 – 10.167.251.25110.167.251.251
25510.167.251.252/3110.167.251.252 – 10.167.251.25310.167.251.253
25610.167.251.254/3110.167.251.254 – 10.167.251.25510.167.251.255
01 / table

IPv4 CIDR prefix table.

Click a prefix longer than your network to split it into subnets.

prefixsubnet maskaddresseshostsin your /23
/00.0.0.04,294,967,2964,294,967,294-
/1128.0.0.02,147,483,6482,147,483,646-
/2192.0.0.01,073,741,8241,073,741,822-
/3224.0.0.0536,870,912536,870,910-
/4240.0.0.0268,435,456268,435,454-
/5248.0.0.0134,217,728134,217,726-
/6252.0.0.067,108,86467,108,862-
/7254.0.0.033,554,43233,554,430-
/8255.0.0.016,777,21616,777,214-
/9255.128.0.08,388,6088,388,606-
/10255.192.0.04,194,3044,194,302-
/11255.224.0.02,097,1522,097,150-
/12255.240.0.01,048,5761,048,574-
/13255.248.0.0524,288524,286-
/14255.252.0.0262,144262,142-
/15255.254.0.0131,072131,070-
/16255.255.0.065,53665,534-
/17255.255.128.032,76832,766-
/18255.255.192.016,38416,382-
/19255.255.224.08,1928,190-
/20255.255.240.04,0964,094-
/21255.255.248.02,0482,046-
/22255.255.252.01,0241,022-
/23255.255.254.05125101
/24255.255.255.02562542 split →
/25255.255.255.1281281264 split →
/26255.255.255.19264628 split →
/27255.255.255.224323016 split →
/28255.255.255.240161432 split →
/29255.255.255.2488664 split →
/30255.255.255.25242128 split →
/31255.255.255.25422256 split →
/32255.255.255.25511512 split →
02 / faq

About this calculator.

How do I use this subnet calculator?

▼

Type an IP address followed by a prefix, like 192.168.1.10/24, or by a subnet mask, like 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0. Without a prefix it uses /24. Click a row in the table to split the network into smaller subnets.

Why are usable hosts always 2 fewer?

▼

The first address in a subnet is the network address and the last is the broadcast address, so neither can go to a device. The exceptions are /31 (point-to-point links, RFC 3021) and /32 (a single address), which use every address.

Can I use it from a terminal?

▼

Yes. curl 'ipku.in/en/tools/ipv4-subnet-calculator?q=192.168.1.10/24' returns the result as plain text.

Learn how to work it out →