ip
ipku.in

IPv4 Subnet Calculator

Enter an IP with a CIDR prefix or a subnet mask to see its network, broadcast, host range, and host count. You can also split the network into smaller subnets.

$ ipcalc
private IP (RFC 1918)10.167.24.0/23
network10.167.24.0/23
broadcast10.167.25.255
first host10.167.24.1
last host10.167.25.254
subnet mask255.255.254.0
wildcard0.0.1.255
addresses512
usable hosts510
classA
ipcalc 10.167.24.0/23
address00001010.10100111.00011000.00000000
subnet mask11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000
network00001010.10100111.00011000.00000000
broadcast00001010.10100111.00011001.11111111
green = network part, grey = host part
hex0x0aa71800
decimal178722816
reverse dns0.24.167.10.in-addr.arpa
ipv4-mapped::ffff:aa7:1800

/23 split into /31 · 256 subnets

close ×
#networkhost rangebroadcast
110.167.24.0/3110.167.24.0 – 10.167.24.110.167.24.1
210.167.24.2/3110.167.24.2 – 10.167.24.310.167.24.3
310.167.24.4/3110.167.24.4 – 10.167.24.510.167.24.5
410.167.24.6/3110.167.24.6 – 10.167.24.710.167.24.7
510.167.24.8/3110.167.24.8 – 10.167.24.910.167.24.9
610.167.24.10/3110.167.24.10 – 10.167.24.1110.167.24.11
710.167.24.12/3110.167.24.12 – 10.167.24.1310.167.24.13
810.167.24.14/3110.167.24.14 – 10.167.24.1510.167.24.15
910.167.24.16/3110.167.24.16 – 10.167.24.1710.167.24.17
1010.167.24.18/3110.167.24.18 – 10.167.24.1910.167.24.19
1110.167.24.20/3110.167.24.20 – 10.167.24.2110.167.24.21
1210.167.24.22/3110.167.24.22 – 10.167.24.2310.167.24.23
1310.167.24.24/3110.167.24.24 – 10.167.24.2510.167.24.25
1410.167.24.26/3110.167.24.26 – 10.167.24.2710.167.24.27
1510.167.24.28/3110.167.24.28 – 10.167.24.2910.167.24.29
1610.167.24.30/3110.167.24.30 – 10.167.24.3110.167.24.31
1710.167.24.32/3110.167.24.32 – 10.167.24.3310.167.24.33
1810.167.24.34/3110.167.24.34 – 10.167.24.3510.167.24.35
1910.167.24.36/3110.167.24.36 – 10.167.24.3710.167.24.37
2010.167.24.38/3110.167.24.38 – 10.167.24.3910.167.24.39
2110.167.24.40/3110.167.24.40 – 10.167.24.4110.167.24.41
2210.167.24.42/3110.167.24.42 – 10.167.24.4310.167.24.43
2310.167.24.44/3110.167.24.44 – 10.167.24.4510.167.24.45
2410.167.24.46/3110.167.24.46 – 10.167.24.4710.167.24.47
2510.167.24.48/3110.167.24.48 – 10.167.24.4910.167.24.49
2610.167.24.50/3110.167.24.50 – 10.167.24.5110.167.24.51
2710.167.24.52/3110.167.24.52 – 10.167.24.5310.167.24.53
2810.167.24.54/3110.167.24.54 – 10.167.24.5510.167.24.55
2910.167.24.56/3110.167.24.56 – 10.167.24.5710.167.24.57
3010.167.24.58/3110.167.24.58 – 10.167.24.5910.167.24.59
3110.167.24.60/3110.167.24.60 – 10.167.24.6110.167.24.61
3210.167.24.62/3110.167.24.62 – 10.167.24.6310.167.24.63
3310.167.24.64/3110.167.24.64 – 10.167.24.6510.167.24.65
3410.167.24.66/3110.167.24.66 – 10.167.24.6710.167.24.67
3510.167.24.68/3110.167.24.68 – 10.167.24.6910.167.24.69
3610.167.24.70/3110.167.24.70 – 10.167.24.7110.167.24.71
3710.167.24.72/3110.167.24.72 – 10.167.24.7310.167.24.73
3810.167.24.74/3110.167.24.74 – 10.167.24.7510.167.24.75
3910.167.24.76/3110.167.24.76 – 10.167.24.7710.167.24.77
4010.167.24.78/3110.167.24.78 – 10.167.24.7910.167.24.79
4110.167.24.80/3110.167.24.80 – 10.167.24.8110.167.24.81
4210.167.24.82/3110.167.24.82 – 10.167.24.8310.167.24.83
4310.167.24.84/3110.167.24.84 – 10.167.24.8510.167.24.85
4410.167.24.86/3110.167.24.86 – 10.167.24.8710.167.24.87
4510.167.24.88/3110.167.24.88 – 10.167.24.8910.167.24.89
4610.167.24.90/3110.167.24.90 – 10.167.24.9110.167.24.91
4710.167.24.92/3110.167.24.92 – 10.167.24.9310.167.24.93
4810.167.24.94/3110.167.24.94 – 10.167.24.9510.167.24.95
4910.167.24.96/3110.167.24.96 – 10.167.24.9710.167.24.97
5010.167.24.98/3110.167.24.98 – 10.167.24.9910.167.24.99
5110.167.24.100/3110.167.24.100 – 10.167.24.10110.167.24.101
5210.167.24.102/3110.167.24.102 – 10.167.24.10310.167.24.103
5310.167.24.104/3110.167.24.104 – 10.167.24.10510.167.24.105
5410.167.24.106/3110.167.24.106 – 10.167.24.10710.167.24.107
5510.167.24.108/3110.167.24.108 – 10.167.24.10910.167.24.109
5610.167.24.110/3110.167.24.110 – 10.167.24.11110.167.24.111
5710.167.24.112/3110.167.24.112 – 10.167.24.11310.167.24.113
5810.167.24.114/3110.167.24.114 – 10.167.24.11510.167.24.115
5910.167.24.116/3110.167.24.116 – 10.167.24.11710.167.24.117
6010.167.24.118/3110.167.24.118 – 10.167.24.11910.167.24.119
6110.167.24.120/3110.167.24.120 – 10.167.24.12110.167.24.121
6210.167.24.122/3110.167.24.122 – 10.167.24.12310.167.24.123
6310.167.24.124/3110.167.24.124 – 10.167.24.12510.167.24.125
6410.167.24.126/3110.167.24.126 – 10.167.24.12710.167.24.127
6510.167.24.128/3110.167.24.128 – 10.167.24.12910.167.24.129
6610.167.24.130/3110.167.24.130 – 10.167.24.13110.167.24.131
6710.167.24.132/3110.167.24.132 – 10.167.24.13310.167.24.133
6810.167.24.134/3110.167.24.134 – 10.167.24.13510.167.24.135
6910.167.24.136/3110.167.24.136 – 10.167.24.13710.167.24.137
7010.167.24.138/3110.167.24.138 – 10.167.24.13910.167.24.139
7110.167.24.140/3110.167.24.140 – 10.167.24.14110.167.24.141
7210.167.24.142/3110.167.24.142 – 10.167.24.14310.167.24.143
7310.167.24.144/3110.167.24.144 – 10.167.24.14510.167.24.145
7410.167.24.146/3110.167.24.146 – 10.167.24.14710.167.24.147
7510.167.24.148/3110.167.24.148 – 10.167.24.14910.167.24.149
7610.167.24.150/3110.167.24.150 – 10.167.24.15110.167.24.151
7710.167.24.152/3110.167.24.152 – 10.167.24.15310.167.24.153
7810.167.24.154/3110.167.24.154 – 10.167.24.15510.167.24.155
7910.167.24.156/3110.167.24.156 – 10.167.24.15710.167.24.157
8010.167.24.158/3110.167.24.158 – 10.167.24.15910.167.24.159
8110.167.24.160/3110.167.24.160 – 10.167.24.16110.167.24.161
8210.167.24.162/3110.167.24.162 – 10.167.24.16310.167.24.163
8310.167.24.164/3110.167.24.164 – 10.167.24.16510.167.24.165
8410.167.24.166/3110.167.24.166 – 10.167.24.16710.167.24.167
8510.167.24.168/3110.167.24.168 – 10.167.24.16910.167.24.169
8610.167.24.170/3110.167.24.170 – 10.167.24.17110.167.24.171
8710.167.24.172/3110.167.24.172 – 10.167.24.17310.167.24.173
8810.167.24.174/3110.167.24.174 – 10.167.24.17510.167.24.175
8910.167.24.176/3110.167.24.176 – 10.167.24.17710.167.24.177
9010.167.24.178/3110.167.24.178 – 10.167.24.17910.167.24.179
9110.167.24.180/3110.167.24.180 – 10.167.24.18110.167.24.181
9210.167.24.182/3110.167.24.182 – 10.167.24.18310.167.24.183
9310.167.24.184/3110.167.24.184 – 10.167.24.18510.167.24.185
9410.167.24.186/3110.167.24.186 – 10.167.24.18710.167.24.187
9510.167.24.188/3110.167.24.188 – 10.167.24.18910.167.24.189
9610.167.24.190/3110.167.24.190 – 10.167.24.19110.167.24.191
9710.167.24.192/3110.167.24.192 – 10.167.24.19310.167.24.193
9810.167.24.194/3110.167.24.194 – 10.167.24.19510.167.24.195
9910.167.24.196/3110.167.24.196 – 10.167.24.19710.167.24.197
10010.167.24.198/3110.167.24.198 – 10.167.24.19910.167.24.199
10110.167.24.200/3110.167.24.200 – 10.167.24.20110.167.24.201
10210.167.24.202/3110.167.24.202 – 10.167.24.20310.167.24.203
10310.167.24.204/3110.167.24.204 – 10.167.24.20510.167.24.205
10410.167.24.206/3110.167.24.206 – 10.167.24.20710.167.24.207
10510.167.24.208/3110.167.24.208 – 10.167.24.20910.167.24.209
10610.167.24.210/3110.167.24.210 – 10.167.24.21110.167.24.211
10710.167.24.212/3110.167.24.212 – 10.167.24.21310.167.24.213
10810.167.24.214/3110.167.24.214 – 10.167.24.21510.167.24.215
10910.167.24.216/3110.167.24.216 – 10.167.24.21710.167.24.217
11010.167.24.218/3110.167.24.218 – 10.167.24.21910.167.24.219
11110.167.24.220/3110.167.24.220 – 10.167.24.22110.167.24.221
11210.167.24.222/3110.167.24.222 – 10.167.24.22310.167.24.223
11310.167.24.224/3110.167.24.224 – 10.167.24.22510.167.24.225
11410.167.24.226/3110.167.24.226 – 10.167.24.22710.167.24.227
11510.167.24.228/3110.167.24.228 – 10.167.24.22910.167.24.229
11610.167.24.230/3110.167.24.230 – 10.167.24.23110.167.24.231
11710.167.24.232/3110.167.24.232 – 10.167.24.23310.167.24.233
11810.167.24.234/3110.167.24.234 – 10.167.24.23510.167.24.235
11910.167.24.236/3110.167.24.236 – 10.167.24.23710.167.24.237
12010.167.24.238/3110.167.24.238 – 10.167.24.23910.167.24.239
12110.167.24.240/3110.167.24.240 – 10.167.24.24110.167.24.241
12210.167.24.242/3110.167.24.242 – 10.167.24.24310.167.24.243
12310.167.24.244/3110.167.24.244 – 10.167.24.24510.167.24.245
12410.167.24.246/3110.167.24.246 – 10.167.24.24710.167.24.247
12510.167.24.248/3110.167.24.248 – 10.167.24.24910.167.24.249
12610.167.24.250/3110.167.24.250 – 10.167.24.25110.167.24.251
12710.167.24.252/3110.167.24.252 – 10.167.24.25310.167.24.253
12810.167.24.254/3110.167.24.254 – 10.167.24.25510.167.24.255
12910.167.25.0/3110.167.25.0 – 10.167.25.110.167.25.1
13010.167.25.2/3110.167.25.2 – 10.167.25.310.167.25.3
13110.167.25.4/3110.167.25.4 – 10.167.25.510.167.25.5
13210.167.25.6/3110.167.25.6 – 10.167.25.710.167.25.7
13310.167.25.8/3110.167.25.8 – 10.167.25.910.167.25.9
13410.167.25.10/3110.167.25.10 – 10.167.25.1110.167.25.11
13510.167.25.12/3110.167.25.12 – 10.167.25.1310.167.25.13
13610.167.25.14/3110.167.25.14 – 10.167.25.1510.167.25.15
13710.167.25.16/3110.167.25.16 – 10.167.25.1710.167.25.17
13810.167.25.18/3110.167.25.18 – 10.167.25.1910.167.25.19
13910.167.25.20/3110.167.25.20 – 10.167.25.2110.167.25.21
14010.167.25.22/3110.167.25.22 – 10.167.25.2310.167.25.23
14110.167.25.24/3110.167.25.24 – 10.167.25.2510.167.25.25
14210.167.25.26/3110.167.25.26 – 10.167.25.2710.167.25.27
14310.167.25.28/3110.167.25.28 – 10.167.25.2910.167.25.29
14410.167.25.30/3110.167.25.30 – 10.167.25.3110.167.25.31
14510.167.25.32/3110.167.25.32 – 10.167.25.3310.167.25.33
14610.167.25.34/3110.167.25.34 – 10.167.25.3510.167.25.35
14710.167.25.36/3110.167.25.36 – 10.167.25.3710.167.25.37
14810.167.25.38/3110.167.25.38 – 10.167.25.3910.167.25.39
14910.167.25.40/3110.167.25.40 – 10.167.25.4110.167.25.41
15010.167.25.42/3110.167.25.42 – 10.167.25.4310.167.25.43
15110.167.25.44/3110.167.25.44 – 10.167.25.4510.167.25.45
15210.167.25.46/3110.167.25.46 – 10.167.25.4710.167.25.47
15310.167.25.48/3110.167.25.48 – 10.167.25.4910.167.25.49
15410.167.25.50/3110.167.25.50 – 10.167.25.5110.167.25.51
15510.167.25.52/3110.167.25.52 – 10.167.25.5310.167.25.53
15610.167.25.54/3110.167.25.54 – 10.167.25.5510.167.25.55
15710.167.25.56/3110.167.25.56 – 10.167.25.5710.167.25.57
15810.167.25.58/3110.167.25.58 – 10.167.25.5910.167.25.59
15910.167.25.60/3110.167.25.60 – 10.167.25.6110.167.25.61
16010.167.25.62/3110.167.25.62 – 10.167.25.6310.167.25.63
16110.167.25.64/3110.167.25.64 – 10.167.25.6510.167.25.65
16210.167.25.66/3110.167.25.66 – 10.167.25.6710.167.25.67
16310.167.25.68/3110.167.25.68 – 10.167.25.6910.167.25.69
16410.167.25.70/3110.167.25.70 – 10.167.25.7110.167.25.71
16510.167.25.72/3110.167.25.72 – 10.167.25.7310.167.25.73
16610.167.25.74/3110.167.25.74 – 10.167.25.7510.167.25.75
16710.167.25.76/3110.167.25.76 – 10.167.25.7710.167.25.77
16810.167.25.78/3110.167.25.78 – 10.167.25.7910.167.25.79
16910.167.25.80/3110.167.25.80 – 10.167.25.8110.167.25.81
17010.167.25.82/3110.167.25.82 – 10.167.25.8310.167.25.83
17110.167.25.84/3110.167.25.84 – 10.167.25.8510.167.25.85
17210.167.25.86/3110.167.25.86 – 10.167.25.8710.167.25.87
17310.167.25.88/3110.167.25.88 – 10.167.25.8910.167.25.89
17410.167.25.90/3110.167.25.90 – 10.167.25.9110.167.25.91
17510.167.25.92/3110.167.25.92 – 10.167.25.9310.167.25.93
17610.167.25.94/3110.167.25.94 – 10.167.25.9510.167.25.95
17710.167.25.96/3110.167.25.96 – 10.167.25.9710.167.25.97
17810.167.25.98/3110.167.25.98 – 10.167.25.9910.167.25.99
17910.167.25.100/3110.167.25.100 – 10.167.25.10110.167.25.101
18010.167.25.102/3110.167.25.102 – 10.167.25.10310.167.25.103
18110.167.25.104/3110.167.25.104 – 10.167.25.10510.167.25.105
18210.167.25.106/3110.167.25.106 – 10.167.25.10710.167.25.107
18310.167.25.108/3110.167.25.108 – 10.167.25.10910.167.25.109
18410.167.25.110/3110.167.25.110 – 10.167.25.11110.167.25.111
18510.167.25.112/3110.167.25.112 – 10.167.25.11310.167.25.113
18610.167.25.114/3110.167.25.114 – 10.167.25.11510.167.25.115
18710.167.25.116/3110.167.25.116 – 10.167.25.11710.167.25.117
18810.167.25.118/3110.167.25.118 – 10.167.25.11910.167.25.119
18910.167.25.120/3110.167.25.120 – 10.167.25.12110.167.25.121
19010.167.25.122/3110.167.25.122 – 10.167.25.12310.167.25.123
19110.167.25.124/3110.167.25.124 – 10.167.25.12510.167.25.125
19210.167.25.126/3110.167.25.126 – 10.167.25.12710.167.25.127
19310.167.25.128/3110.167.25.128 – 10.167.25.12910.167.25.129
19410.167.25.130/3110.167.25.130 – 10.167.25.13110.167.25.131
19510.167.25.132/3110.167.25.132 – 10.167.25.13310.167.25.133
19610.167.25.134/3110.167.25.134 – 10.167.25.13510.167.25.135
19710.167.25.136/3110.167.25.136 – 10.167.25.13710.167.25.137
19810.167.25.138/3110.167.25.138 – 10.167.25.13910.167.25.139
19910.167.25.140/3110.167.25.140 – 10.167.25.14110.167.25.141
20010.167.25.142/3110.167.25.142 – 10.167.25.14310.167.25.143
20110.167.25.144/3110.167.25.144 – 10.167.25.14510.167.25.145
20210.167.25.146/3110.167.25.146 – 10.167.25.14710.167.25.147
20310.167.25.148/3110.167.25.148 – 10.167.25.14910.167.25.149
20410.167.25.150/3110.167.25.150 – 10.167.25.15110.167.25.151
20510.167.25.152/3110.167.25.152 – 10.167.25.15310.167.25.153
20610.167.25.154/3110.167.25.154 – 10.167.25.15510.167.25.155
20710.167.25.156/3110.167.25.156 – 10.167.25.15710.167.25.157
20810.167.25.158/3110.167.25.158 – 10.167.25.15910.167.25.159
20910.167.25.160/3110.167.25.160 – 10.167.25.16110.167.25.161
21010.167.25.162/3110.167.25.162 – 10.167.25.16310.167.25.163
21110.167.25.164/3110.167.25.164 – 10.167.25.16510.167.25.165
21210.167.25.166/3110.167.25.166 – 10.167.25.16710.167.25.167
21310.167.25.168/3110.167.25.168 – 10.167.25.16910.167.25.169
21410.167.25.170/3110.167.25.170 – 10.167.25.17110.167.25.171
21510.167.25.172/3110.167.25.172 – 10.167.25.17310.167.25.173
21610.167.25.174/3110.167.25.174 – 10.167.25.17510.167.25.175
21710.167.25.176/3110.167.25.176 – 10.167.25.17710.167.25.177
21810.167.25.178/3110.167.25.178 – 10.167.25.17910.167.25.179
21910.167.25.180/3110.167.25.180 – 10.167.25.18110.167.25.181
22010.167.25.182/3110.167.25.182 – 10.167.25.18310.167.25.183
22110.167.25.184/3110.167.25.184 – 10.167.25.18510.167.25.185
22210.167.25.186/3110.167.25.186 – 10.167.25.18710.167.25.187
22310.167.25.188/3110.167.25.188 – 10.167.25.18910.167.25.189
22410.167.25.190/3110.167.25.190 – 10.167.25.19110.167.25.191
22510.167.25.192/3110.167.25.192 – 10.167.25.19310.167.25.193
22610.167.25.194/3110.167.25.194 – 10.167.25.19510.167.25.195
22710.167.25.196/3110.167.25.196 – 10.167.25.19710.167.25.197
22810.167.25.198/3110.167.25.198 – 10.167.25.19910.167.25.199
22910.167.25.200/3110.167.25.200 – 10.167.25.20110.167.25.201
23010.167.25.202/3110.167.25.202 – 10.167.25.20310.167.25.203
23110.167.25.204/3110.167.25.204 – 10.167.25.20510.167.25.205
23210.167.25.206/3110.167.25.206 – 10.167.25.20710.167.25.207
23310.167.25.208/3110.167.25.208 – 10.167.25.20910.167.25.209
23410.167.25.210/3110.167.25.210 – 10.167.25.21110.167.25.211
23510.167.25.212/3110.167.25.212 – 10.167.25.21310.167.25.213
23610.167.25.214/3110.167.25.214 – 10.167.25.21510.167.25.215
23710.167.25.216/3110.167.25.216 – 10.167.25.21710.167.25.217
23810.167.25.218/3110.167.25.218 – 10.167.25.21910.167.25.219
23910.167.25.220/3110.167.25.220 – 10.167.25.22110.167.25.221
24010.167.25.222/3110.167.25.222 – 10.167.25.22310.167.25.223
24110.167.25.224/3110.167.25.224 – 10.167.25.22510.167.25.225
24210.167.25.226/3110.167.25.226 – 10.167.25.22710.167.25.227
24310.167.25.228/3110.167.25.228 – 10.167.25.22910.167.25.229
24410.167.25.230/3110.167.25.230 – 10.167.25.23110.167.25.231
24510.167.25.232/3110.167.25.232 – 10.167.25.23310.167.25.233
24610.167.25.234/3110.167.25.234 – 10.167.25.23510.167.25.235
24710.167.25.236/3110.167.25.236 – 10.167.25.23710.167.25.237
24810.167.25.238/3110.167.25.238 – 10.167.25.23910.167.25.239
24910.167.25.240/3110.167.25.240 – 10.167.25.24110.167.25.241
25010.167.25.242/3110.167.25.242 – 10.167.25.24310.167.25.243
25110.167.25.244/3110.167.25.244 – 10.167.25.24510.167.25.245
25210.167.25.246/3110.167.25.246 – 10.167.25.24710.167.25.247
25310.167.25.248/3110.167.25.248 – 10.167.25.24910.167.25.249
25410.167.25.250/3110.167.25.250 – 10.167.25.25110.167.25.251
25510.167.25.252/3110.167.25.252 – 10.167.25.25310.167.25.253
25610.167.25.254/3110.167.25.254 – 10.167.25.25510.167.25.255
01 / table

IPv4 CIDR prefix table.

Click a prefix longer than your network to split it into subnets.

prefixsubnet maskaddresseshostsin your /23
/00.0.0.04,294,967,2964,294,967,294-
/1128.0.0.02,147,483,6482,147,483,646-
/2192.0.0.01,073,741,8241,073,741,822-
/3224.0.0.0536,870,912536,870,910-
/4240.0.0.0268,435,456268,435,454-
/5248.0.0.0134,217,728134,217,726-
/6252.0.0.067,108,86467,108,862-
/7254.0.0.033,554,43233,554,430-
/8255.0.0.016,777,21616,777,214-
/9255.128.0.08,388,6088,388,606-
/10255.192.0.04,194,3044,194,302-
/11255.224.0.02,097,1522,097,150-
/12255.240.0.01,048,5761,048,574-
/13255.248.0.0524,288524,286-
/14255.252.0.0262,144262,142-
/15255.254.0.0131,072131,070-
/16255.255.0.065,53665,534-
/17255.255.128.032,76832,766-
/18255.255.192.016,38416,382-
/19255.255.224.08,1928,190-
/20255.255.240.04,0964,094-
/21255.255.248.02,0482,046-
/22255.255.252.01,0241,022-
/23255.255.254.05125101
/24255.255.255.02562542 split →
/25255.255.255.1281281264 split →
/26255.255.255.19264628 split →
/27255.255.255.224323016 split →
/28255.255.255.240161432 split →
/29255.255.255.2488664 split →
/30255.255.255.25242128 split →
/31255.255.255.25422256 split →
/32255.255.255.25511512 split →
02 / faq

About this calculator.

How do I use this subnet calculator?

▼

Type an IP address followed by a prefix, like 192.168.1.10/24, or by a subnet mask, like 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0. Without a prefix it uses /24. Click a row in the table to split the network into smaller subnets.

Why are usable hosts always 2 fewer?

▼

The first address in a subnet is the network address and the last is the broadcast address, so neither can go to a device. The exceptions are /31 (point-to-point links, RFC 3021) and /32 (a single address), which use every address.

Can I use it from a terminal?

▼

Yes. curl 'ipku.in/en/tools/ipv4-subnet-calculator?q=192.168.1.10/24' returns the result as plain text.

Learn how to work it out →