ip
ipku.in

IPv4 Subnet Calculator

Enter an IP with a CIDR prefix or a subnet mask to see its network, broadcast, host range, and host count. You can also split the network into smaller subnets.

$ ipcalc
private IP (RFC 1918)10.167.163.0/24
network10.167.163.0/24
broadcast10.167.163.255
first host10.167.163.1
last host10.167.163.254
subnet mask255.255.255.0
wildcard0.0.0.255
addresses256
usable hosts254
classA
ipcalc 10.167.163.0/24
address00001010.10100111.10100011.00000000
subnet mask11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
network00001010.10100111.10100011.00000000
broadcast00001010.10100111.10100011.11111111
green = network part, grey = host part
hex0x0aa7a300
decimal178758400
reverse dns0.163.167.10.in-addr.arpa
ipv4-mapped::ffff:aa7:a300

/24 split into /32 · 256 subnets

close ×
#networkhost rangebroadcast
110.167.163.0/3210.167.163.0 – 10.167.163.010.167.163.0
210.167.163.1/3210.167.163.1 – 10.167.163.110.167.163.1
310.167.163.2/3210.167.163.2 – 10.167.163.210.167.163.2
410.167.163.3/3210.167.163.3 – 10.167.163.310.167.163.3
510.167.163.4/3210.167.163.4 – 10.167.163.410.167.163.4
610.167.163.5/3210.167.163.5 – 10.167.163.510.167.163.5
710.167.163.6/3210.167.163.6 – 10.167.163.610.167.163.6
810.167.163.7/3210.167.163.7 – 10.167.163.710.167.163.7
910.167.163.8/3210.167.163.8 – 10.167.163.810.167.163.8
1010.167.163.9/3210.167.163.9 – 10.167.163.910.167.163.9
1110.167.163.10/3210.167.163.10 – 10.167.163.1010.167.163.10
1210.167.163.11/3210.167.163.11 – 10.167.163.1110.167.163.11
1310.167.163.12/3210.167.163.12 – 10.167.163.1210.167.163.12
1410.167.163.13/3210.167.163.13 – 10.167.163.1310.167.163.13
1510.167.163.14/3210.167.163.14 – 10.167.163.1410.167.163.14
1610.167.163.15/3210.167.163.15 – 10.167.163.1510.167.163.15
1710.167.163.16/3210.167.163.16 – 10.167.163.1610.167.163.16
1810.167.163.17/3210.167.163.17 – 10.167.163.1710.167.163.17
1910.167.163.18/3210.167.163.18 – 10.167.163.1810.167.163.18
2010.167.163.19/3210.167.163.19 – 10.167.163.1910.167.163.19
2110.167.163.20/3210.167.163.20 – 10.167.163.2010.167.163.20
2210.167.163.21/3210.167.163.21 – 10.167.163.2110.167.163.21
2310.167.163.22/3210.167.163.22 – 10.167.163.2210.167.163.22
2410.167.163.23/3210.167.163.23 – 10.167.163.2310.167.163.23
2510.167.163.24/3210.167.163.24 – 10.167.163.2410.167.163.24
2610.167.163.25/3210.167.163.25 – 10.167.163.2510.167.163.25
2710.167.163.26/3210.167.163.26 – 10.167.163.2610.167.163.26
2810.167.163.27/3210.167.163.27 – 10.167.163.2710.167.163.27
2910.167.163.28/3210.167.163.28 – 10.167.163.2810.167.163.28
3010.167.163.29/3210.167.163.29 – 10.167.163.2910.167.163.29
3110.167.163.30/3210.167.163.30 – 10.167.163.3010.167.163.30
3210.167.163.31/3210.167.163.31 – 10.167.163.3110.167.163.31
3310.167.163.32/3210.167.163.32 – 10.167.163.3210.167.163.32
3410.167.163.33/3210.167.163.33 – 10.167.163.3310.167.163.33
3510.167.163.34/3210.167.163.34 – 10.167.163.3410.167.163.34
3610.167.163.35/3210.167.163.35 – 10.167.163.3510.167.163.35
3710.167.163.36/3210.167.163.36 – 10.167.163.3610.167.163.36
3810.167.163.37/3210.167.163.37 – 10.167.163.3710.167.163.37
3910.167.163.38/3210.167.163.38 – 10.167.163.3810.167.163.38
4010.167.163.39/3210.167.163.39 – 10.167.163.3910.167.163.39
4110.167.163.40/3210.167.163.40 – 10.167.163.4010.167.163.40
4210.167.163.41/3210.167.163.41 – 10.167.163.4110.167.163.41
4310.167.163.42/3210.167.163.42 – 10.167.163.4210.167.163.42
4410.167.163.43/3210.167.163.43 – 10.167.163.4310.167.163.43
4510.167.163.44/3210.167.163.44 – 10.167.163.4410.167.163.44
4610.167.163.45/3210.167.163.45 – 10.167.163.4510.167.163.45
4710.167.163.46/3210.167.163.46 – 10.167.163.4610.167.163.46
4810.167.163.47/3210.167.163.47 – 10.167.163.4710.167.163.47
4910.167.163.48/3210.167.163.48 – 10.167.163.4810.167.163.48
5010.167.163.49/3210.167.163.49 – 10.167.163.4910.167.163.49
5110.167.163.50/3210.167.163.50 – 10.167.163.5010.167.163.50
5210.167.163.51/3210.167.163.51 – 10.167.163.5110.167.163.51
5310.167.163.52/3210.167.163.52 – 10.167.163.5210.167.163.52
5410.167.163.53/3210.167.163.53 – 10.167.163.5310.167.163.53
5510.167.163.54/3210.167.163.54 – 10.167.163.5410.167.163.54
5610.167.163.55/3210.167.163.55 – 10.167.163.5510.167.163.55
5710.167.163.56/3210.167.163.56 – 10.167.163.5610.167.163.56
5810.167.163.57/3210.167.163.57 – 10.167.163.5710.167.163.57
5910.167.163.58/3210.167.163.58 – 10.167.163.5810.167.163.58
6010.167.163.59/3210.167.163.59 – 10.167.163.5910.167.163.59
6110.167.163.60/3210.167.163.60 – 10.167.163.6010.167.163.60
6210.167.163.61/3210.167.163.61 – 10.167.163.6110.167.163.61
6310.167.163.62/3210.167.163.62 – 10.167.163.6210.167.163.62
6410.167.163.63/3210.167.163.63 – 10.167.163.6310.167.163.63
6510.167.163.64/3210.167.163.64 – 10.167.163.6410.167.163.64
6610.167.163.65/3210.167.163.65 – 10.167.163.6510.167.163.65
6710.167.163.66/3210.167.163.66 – 10.167.163.6610.167.163.66
6810.167.163.67/3210.167.163.67 – 10.167.163.6710.167.163.67
6910.167.163.68/3210.167.163.68 – 10.167.163.6810.167.163.68
7010.167.163.69/3210.167.163.69 – 10.167.163.6910.167.163.69
7110.167.163.70/3210.167.163.70 – 10.167.163.7010.167.163.70
7210.167.163.71/3210.167.163.71 – 10.167.163.7110.167.163.71
7310.167.163.72/3210.167.163.72 – 10.167.163.7210.167.163.72
7410.167.163.73/3210.167.163.73 – 10.167.163.7310.167.163.73
7510.167.163.74/3210.167.163.74 – 10.167.163.7410.167.163.74
7610.167.163.75/3210.167.163.75 – 10.167.163.7510.167.163.75
7710.167.163.76/3210.167.163.76 – 10.167.163.7610.167.163.76
7810.167.163.77/3210.167.163.77 – 10.167.163.7710.167.163.77
7910.167.163.78/3210.167.163.78 – 10.167.163.7810.167.163.78
8010.167.163.79/3210.167.163.79 – 10.167.163.7910.167.163.79
8110.167.163.80/3210.167.163.80 – 10.167.163.8010.167.163.80
8210.167.163.81/3210.167.163.81 – 10.167.163.8110.167.163.81
8310.167.163.82/3210.167.163.82 – 10.167.163.8210.167.163.82
8410.167.163.83/3210.167.163.83 – 10.167.163.8310.167.163.83
8510.167.163.84/3210.167.163.84 – 10.167.163.8410.167.163.84
8610.167.163.85/3210.167.163.85 – 10.167.163.8510.167.163.85
8710.167.163.86/3210.167.163.86 – 10.167.163.8610.167.163.86
8810.167.163.87/3210.167.163.87 – 10.167.163.8710.167.163.87
8910.167.163.88/3210.167.163.88 – 10.167.163.8810.167.163.88
9010.167.163.89/3210.167.163.89 – 10.167.163.8910.167.163.89
9110.167.163.90/3210.167.163.90 – 10.167.163.9010.167.163.90
9210.167.163.91/3210.167.163.91 – 10.167.163.9110.167.163.91
9310.167.163.92/3210.167.163.92 – 10.167.163.9210.167.163.92
9410.167.163.93/3210.167.163.93 – 10.167.163.9310.167.163.93
9510.167.163.94/3210.167.163.94 – 10.167.163.9410.167.163.94
9610.167.163.95/3210.167.163.95 – 10.167.163.9510.167.163.95
9710.167.163.96/3210.167.163.96 – 10.167.163.9610.167.163.96
9810.167.163.97/3210.167.163.97 – 10.167.163.9710.167.163.97
9910.167.163.98/3210.167.163.98 – 10.167.163.9810.167.163.98
10010.167.163.99/3210.167.163.99 – 10.167.163.9910.167.163.99
10110.167.163.100/3210.167.163.100 – 10.167.163.10010.167.163.100
10210.167.163.101/3210.167.163.101 – 10.167.163.10110.167.163.101
10310.167.163.102/3210.167.163.102 – 10.167.163.10210.167.163.102
10410.167.163.103/3210.167.163.103 – 10.167.163.10310.167.163.103
10510.167.163.104/3210.167.163.104 – 10.167.163.10410.167.163.104
10610.167.163.105/3210.167.163.105 – 10.167.163.10510.167.163.105
10710.167.163.106/3210.167.163.106 – 10.167.163.10610.167.163.106
10810.167.163.107/3210.167.163.107 – 10.167.163.10710.167.163.107
10910.167.163.108/3210.167.163.108 – 10.167.163.10810.167.163.108
11010.167.163.109/3210.167.163.109 – 10.167.163.10910.167.163.109
11110.167.163.110/3210.167.163.110 – 10.167.163.11010.167.163.110
11210.167.163.111/3210.167.163.111 – 10.167.163.11110.167.163.111
11310.167.163.112/3210.167.163.112 – 10.167.163.11210.167.163.112
11410.167.163.113/3210.167.163.113 – 10.167.163.11310.167.163.113
11510.167.163.114/3210.167.163.114 – 10.167.163.11410.167.163.114
11610.167.163.115/3210.167.163.115 – 10.167.163.11510.167.163.115
11710.167.163.116/3210.167.163.116 – 10.167.163.11610.167.163.116
11810.167.163.117/3210.167.163.117 – 10.167.163.11710.167.163.117
11910.167.163.118/3210.167.163.118 – 10.167.163.11810.167.163.118
12010.167.163.119/3210.167.163.119 – 10.167.163.11910.167.163.119
12110.167.163.120/3210.167.163.120 – 10.167.163.12010.167.163.120
12210.167.163.121/3210.167.163.121 – 10.167.163.12110.167.163.121
12310.167.163.122/3210.167.163.122 – 10.167.163.12210.167.163.122
12410.167.163.123/3210.167.163.123 – 10.167.163.12310.167.163.123
12510.167.163.124/3210.167.163.124 – 10.167.163.12410.167.163.124
12610.167.163.125/3210.167.163.125 – 10.167.163.12510.167.163.125
12710.167.163.126/3210.167.163.126 – 10.167.163.12610.167.163.126
12810.167.163.127/3210.167.163.127 – 10.167.163.12710.167.163.127
12910.167.163.128/3210.167.163.128 – 10.167.163.12810.167.163.128
13010.167.163.129/3210.167.163.129 – 10.167.163.12910.167.163.129
13110.167.163.130/3210.167.163.130 – 10.167.163.13010.167.163.130
13210.167.163.131/3210.167.163.131 – 10.167.163.13110.167.163.131
13310.167.163.132/3210.167.163.132 – 10.167.163.13210.167.163.132
13410.167.163.133/3210.167.163.133 – 10.167.163.13310.167.163.133
13510.167.163.134/3210.167.163.134 – 10.167.163.13410.167.163.134
13610.167.163.135/3210.167.163.135 – 10.167.163.13510.167.163.135
13710.167.163.136/3210.167.163.136 – 10.167.163.13610.167.163.136
13810.167.163.137/3210.167.163.137 – 10.167.163.13710.167.163.137
13910.167.163.138/3210.167.163.138 – 10.167.163.13810.167.163.138
14010.167.163.139/3210.167.163.139 – 10.167.163.13910.167.163.139
14110.167.163.140/3210.167.163.140 – 10.167.163.14010.167.163.140
14210.167.163.141/3210.167.163.141 – 10.167.163.14110.167.163.141
14310.167.163.142/3210.167.163.142 – 10.167.163.14210.167.163.142
14410.167.163.143/3210.167.163.143 – 10.167.163.14310.167.163.143
14510.167.163.144/3210.167.163.144 – 10.167.163.14410.167.163.144
14610.167.163.145/3210.167.163.145 – 10.167.163.14510.167.163.145
14710.167.163.146/3210.167.163.146 – 10.167.163.14610.167.163.146
14810.167.163.147/3210.167.163.147 – 10.167.163.14710.167.163.147
14910.167.163.148/3210.167.163.148 – 10.167.163.14810.167.163.148
15010.167.163.149/3210.167.163.149 – 10.167.163.14910.167.163.149
15110.167.163.150/3210.167.163.150 – 10.167.163.15010.167.163.150
15210.167.163.151/3210.167.163.151 – 10.167.163.15110.167.163.151
15310.167.163.152/3210.167.163.152 – 10.167.163.15210.167.163.152
15410.167.163.153/3210.167.163.153 – 10.167.163.15310.167.163.153
15510.167.163.154/3210.167.163.154 – 10.167.163.15410.167.163.154
15610.167.163.155/3210.167.163.155 – 10.167.163.15510.167.163.155
15710.167.163.156/3210.167.163.156 – 10.167.163.15610.167.163.156
15810.167.163.157/3210.167.163.157 – 10.167.163.15710.167.163.157
15910.167.163.158/3210.167.163.158 – 10.167.163.15810.167.163.158
16010.167.163.159/3210.167.163.159 – 10.167.163.15910.167.163.159
16110.167.163.160/3210.167.163.160 – 10.167.163.16010.167.163.160
16210.167.163.161/3210.167.163.161 – 10.167.163.16110.167.163.161
16310.167.163.162/3210.167.163.162 – 10.167.163.16210.167.163.162
16410.167.163.163/3210.167.163.163 – 10.167.163.16310.167.163.163
16510.167.163.164/3210.167.163.164 – 10.167.163.16410.167.163.164
16610.167.163.165/3210.167.163.165 – 10.167.163.16510.167.163.165
16710.167.163.166/3210.167.163.166 – 10.167.163.16610.167.163.166
16810.167.163.167/3210.167.163.167 – 10.167.163.16710.167.163.167
16910.167.163.168/3210.167.163.168 – 10.167.163.16810.167.163.168
17010.167.163.169/3210.167.163.169 – 10.167.163.16910.167.163.169
17110.167.163.170/3210.167.163.170 – 10.167.163.17010.167.163.170
17210.167.163.171/3210.167.163.171 – 10.167.163.17110.167.163.171
17310.167.163.172/3210.167.163.172 – 10.167.163.17210.167.163.172
17410.167.163.173/3210.167.163.173 – 10.167.163.17310.167.163.173
17510.167.163.174/3210.167.163.174 – 10.167.163.17410.167.163.174
17610.167.163.175/3210.167.163.175 – 10.167.163.17510.167.163.175
17710.167.163.176/3210.167.163.176 – 10.167.163.17610.167.163.176
17810.167.163.177/3210.167.163.177 – 10.167.163.17710.167.163.177
17910.167.163.178/3210.167.163.178 – 10.167.163.17810.167.163.178
18010.167.163.179/3210.167.163.179 – 10.167.163.17910.167.163.179
18110.167.163.180/3210.167.163.180 – 10.167.163.18010.167.163.180
18210.167.163.181/3210.167.163.181 – 10.167.163.18110.167.163.181
18310.167.163.182/3210.167.163.182 – 10.167.163.18210.167.163.182
18410.167.163.183/3210.167.163.183 – 10.167.163.18310.167.163.183
18510.167.163.184/3210.167.163.184 – 10.167.163.18410.167.163.184
18610.167.163.185/3210.167.163.185 – 10.167.163.18510.167.163.185
18710.167.163.186/3210.167.163.186 – 10.167.163.18610.167.163.186
18810.167.163.187/3210.167.163.187 – 10.167.163.18710.167.163.187
18910.167.163.188/3210.167.163.188 – 10.167.163.18810.167.163.188
19010.167.163.189/3210.167.163.189 – 10.167.163.18910.167.163.189
19110.167.163.190/3210.167.163.190 – 10.167.163.19010.167.163.190
19210.167.163.191/3210.167.163.191 – 10.167.163.19110.167.163.191
19310.167.163.192/3210.167.163.192 – 10.167.163.19210.167.163.192
19410.167.163.193/3210.167.163.193 – 10.167.163.19310.167.163.193
19510.167.163.194/3210.167.163.194 – 10.167.163.19410.167.163.194
19610.167.163.195/3210.167.163.195 – 10.167.163.19510.167.163.195
19710.167.163.196/3210.167.163.196 – 10.167.163.19610.167.163.196
19810.167.163.197/3210.167.163.197 – 10.167.163.19710.167.163.197
19910.167.163.198/3210.167.163.198 – 10.167.163.19810.167.163.198
20010.167.163.199/3210.167.163.199 – 10.167.163.19910.167.163.199
20110.167.163.200/3210.167.163.200 – 10.167.163.20010.167.163.200
20210.167.163.201/3210.167.163.201 – 10.167.163.20110.167.163.201
20310.167.163.202/3210.167.163.202 – 10.167.163.20210.167.163.202
20410.167.163.203/3210.167.163.203 – 10.167.163.20310.167.163.203
20510.167.163.204/3210.167.163.204 – 10.167.163.20410.167.163.204
20610.167.163.205/3210.167.163.205 – 10.167.163.20510.167.163.205
20710.167.163.206/3210.167.163.206 – 10.167.163.20610.167.163.206
20810.167.163.207/3210.167.163.207 – 10.167.163.20710.167.163.207
20910.167.163.208/3210.167.163.208 – 10.167.163.20810.167.163.208
21010.167.163.209/3210.167.163.209 – 10.167.163.20910.167.163.209
21110.167.163.210/3210.167.163.210 – 10.167.163.21010.167.163.210
21210.167.163.211/3210.167.163.211 – 10.167.163.21110.167.163.211
21310.167.163.212/3210.167.163.212 – 10.167.163.21210.167.163.212
21410.167.163.213/3210.167.163.213 – 10.167.163.21310.167.163.213
21510.167.163.214/3210.167.163.214 – 10.167.163.21410.167.163.214
21610.167.163.215/3210.167.163.215 – 10.167.163.21510.167.163.215
21710.167.163.216/3210.167.163.216 – 10.167.163.21610.167.163.216
21810.167.163.217/3210.167.163.217 – 10.167.163.21710.167.163.217
21910.167.163.218/3210.167.163.218 – 10.167.163.21810.167.163.218
22010.167.163.219/3210.167.163.219 – 10.167.163.21910.167.163.219
22110.167.163.220/3210.167.163.220 – 10.167.163.22010.167.163.220
22210.167.163.221/3210.167.163.221 – 10.167.163.22110.167.163.221
22310.167.163.222/3210.167.163.222 – 10.167.163.22210.167.163.222
22410.167.163.223/3210.167.163.223 – 10.167.163.22310.167.163.223
22510.167.163.224/3210.167.163.224 – 10.167.163.22410.167.163.224
22610.167.163.225/3210.167.163.225 – 10.167.163.22510.167.163.225
22710.167.163.226/3210.167.163.226 – 10.167.163.22610.167.163.226
22810.167.163.227/3210.167.163.227 – 10.167.163.22710.167.163.227
22910.167.163.228/3210.167.163.228 – 10.167.163.22810.167.163.228
23010.167.163.229/3210.167.163.229 – 10.167.163.22910.167.163.229
23110.167.163.230/3210.167.163.230 – 10.167.163.23010.167.163.230
23210.167.163.231/3210.167.163.231 – 10.167.163.23110.167.163.231
23310.167.163.232/3210.167.163.232 – 10.167.163.23210.167.163.232
23410.167.163.233/3210.167.163.233 – 10.167.163.23310.167.163.233
23510.167.163.234/3210.167.163.234 – 10.167.163.23410.167.163.234
23610.167.163.235/3210.167.163.235 – 10.167.163.23510.167.163.235
23710.167.163.236/3210.167.163.236 – 10.167.163.23610.167.163.236
23810.167.163.237/3210.167.163.237 – 10.167.163.23710.167.163.237
23910.167.163.238/3210.167.163.238 – 10.167.163.23810.167.163.238
24010.167.163.239/3210.167.163.239 – 10.167.163.23910.167.163.239
24110.167.163.240/3210.167.163.240 – 10.167.163.24010.167.163.240
24210.167.163.241/3210.167.163.241 – 10.167.163.24110.167.163.241
24310.167.163.242/3210.167.163.242 – 10.167.163.24210.167.163.242
24410.167.163.243/3210.167.163.243 – 10.167.163.24310.167.163.243
24510.167.163.244/3210.167.163.244 – 10.167.163.24410.167.163.244
24610.167.163.245/3210.167.163.245 – 10.167.163.24510.167.163.245
24710.167.163.246/3210.167.163.246 – 10.167.163.24610.167.163.246
24810.167.163.247/3210.167.163.247 – 10.167.163.24710.167.163.247
24910.167.163.248/3210.167.163.248 – 10.167.163.24810.167.163.248
25010.167.163.249/3210.167.163.249 – 10.167.163.24910.167.163.249
25110.167.163.250/3210.167.163.250 – 10.167.163.25010.167.163.250
25210.167.163.251/3210.167.163.251 – 10.167.163.25110.167.163.251
25310.167.163.252/3210.167.163.252 – 10.167.163.25210.167.163.252
25410.167.163.253/3210.167.163.253 – 10.167.163.25310.167.163.253
25510.167.163.254/3210.167.163.254 – 10.167.163.25410.167.163.254
25610.167.163.255/3210.167.163.255 – 10.167.163.25510.167.163.255
01 / table

IPv4 CIDR prefix table.

Click a prefix longer than your network to split it into subnets.

prefixsubnet maskaddresseshostsin your /24
/00.0.0.04,294,967,2964,294,967,294-
/1128.0.0.02,147,483,6482,147,483,646-
/2192.0.0.01,073,741,8241,073,741,822-
/3224.0.0.0536,870,912536,870,910-
/4240.0.0.0268,435,456268,435,454-
/5248.0.0.0134,217,728134,217,726-
/6252.0.0.067,108,86467,108,862-
/7254.0.0.033,554,43233,554,430-
/8255.0.0.016,777,21616,777,214-
/9255.128.0.08,388,6088,388,606-
/10255.192.0.04,194,3044,194,302-
/11255.224.0.02,097,1522,097,150-
/12255.240.0.01,048,5761,048,574-
/13255.248.0.0524,288524,286-
/14255.252.0.0262,144262,142-
/15255.254.0.0131,072131,070-
/16255.255.0.065,53665,534-
/17255.255.128.032,76832,766-
/18255.255.192.016,38416,382-
/19255.255.224.08,1928,190-
/20255.255.240.04,0964,094-
/21255.255.248.02,0482,046-
/22255.255.252.01,0241,022-
/23255.255.254.0512510-
/24255.255.255.02562541
/25255.255.255.1281281262 split →
/26255.255.255.19264624 split →
/27255.255.255.22432308 split →
/28255.255.255.240161416 split →
/29255.255.255.2488632 split →
/30255.255.255.2524264 split →
/31255.255.255.25422128 split →
/32255.255.255.25511256 split →
02 / faq

About this calculator.

How do I use this subnet calculator?

▼

Type an IP address followed by a prefix, like 192.168.1.10/24, or by a subnet mask, like 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0. Without a prefix it uses /24. Click a row in the table to split the network into smaller subnets.

Why are usable hosts always 2 fewer?

▼

The first address in a subnet is the network address and the last is the broadcast address, so neither can go to a device. The exceptions are /31 (point-to-point links, RFC 3021) and /32 (a single address), which use every address.

Can I use it from a terminal?

▼

Yes. curl 'ipku.in/en/tools/ipv4-subnet-calculator?q=192.168.1.10/24' returns the result as plain text.

Learn how to work it out →