ip
ipku.in

IPv4 Subnet Calculator

Enter an IP with a CIDR prefix or a subnet mask to see its network, broadcast, host range, and host count. You can also split the network into smaller subnets.

$ ipcalc
private IP (RFC 1918)10.167.127.0/24
network10.167.127.0/24
broadcast10.167.127.255
first host10.167.127.1
last host10.167.127.254
subnet mask255.255.255.0
wildcard0.0.0.255
addresses256
usable hosts254
classA
ipcalc 10.167.127.0/24
address00001010.10100111.01111111.00000000
subnet mask11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
network00001010.10100111.01111111.00000000
broadcast00001010.10100111.01111111.11111111
green = network part, grey = host part
hex0x0aa77f00
decimal178749184
reverse dns0.127.167.10.in-addr.arpa
ipv4-mapped::ffff:aa7:7f00

/24 split into /32 · 256 subnets

close ×
#networkhost rangebroadcast
110.167.127.0/3210.167.127.0 – 10.167.127.010.167.127.0
210.167.127.1/3210.167.127.1 – 10.167.127.110.167.127.1
310.167.127.2/3210.167.127.2 – 10.167.127.210.167.127.2
410.167.127.3/3210.167.127.3 – 10.167.127.310.167.127.3
510.167.127.4/3210.167.127.4 – 10.167.127.410.167.127.4
610.167.127.5/3210.167.127.5 – 10.167.127.510.167.127.5
710.167.127.6/3210.167.127.6 – 10.167.127.610.167.127.6
810.167.127.7/3210.167.127.7 – 10.167.127.710.167.127.7
910.167.127.8/3210.167.127.8 – 10.167.127.810.167.127.8
1010.167.127.9/3210.167.127.9 – 10.167.127.910.167.127.9
1110.167.127.10/3210.167.127.10 – 10.167.127.1010.167.127.10
1210.167.127.11/3210.167.127.11 – 10.167.127.1110.167.127.11
1310.167.127.12/3210.167.127.12 – 10.167.127.1210.167.127.12
1410.167.127.13/3210.167.127.13 – 10.167.127.1310.167.127.13
1510.167.127.14/3210.167.127.14 – 10.167.127.1410.167.127.14
1610.167.127.15/3210.167.127.15 – 10.167.127.1510.167.127.15
1710.167.127.16/3210.167.127.16 – 10.167.127.1610.167.127.16
1810.167.127.17/3210.167.127.17 – 10.167.127.1710.167.127.17
1910.167.127.18/3210.167.127.18 – 10.167.127.1810.167.127.18
2010.167.127.19/3210.167.127.19 – 10.167.127.1910.167.127.19
2110.167.127.20/3210.167.127.20 – 10.167.127.2010.167.127.20
2210.167.127.21/3210.167.127.21 – 10.167.127.2110.167.127.21
2310.167.127.22/3210.167.127.22 – 10.167.127.2210.167.127.22
2410.167.127.23/3210.167.127.23 – 10.167.127.2310.167.127.23
2510.167.127.24/3210.167.127.24 – 10.167.127.2410.167.127.24
2610.167.127.25/3210.167.127.25 – 10.167.127.2510.167.127.25
2710.167.127.26/3210.167.127.26 – 10.167.127.2610.167.127.26
2810.167.127.27/3210.167.127.27 – 10.167.127.2710.167.127.27
2910.167.127.28/3210.167.127.28 – 10.167.127.2810.167.127.28
3010.167.127.29/3210.167.127.29 – 10.167.127.2910.167.127.29
3110.167.127.30/3210.167.127.30 – 10.167.127.3010.167.127.30
3210.167.127.31/3210.167.127.31 – 10.167.127.3110.167.127.31
3310.167.127.32/3210.167.127.32 – 10.167.127.3210.167.127.32
3410.167.127.33/3210.167.127.33 – 10.167.127.3310.167.127.33
3510.167.127.34/3210.167.127.34 – 10.167.127.3410.167.127.34
3610.167.127.35/3210.167.127.35 – 10.167.127.3510.167.127.35
3710.167.127.36/3210.167.127.36 – 10.167.127.3610.167.127.36
3810.167.127.37/3210.167.127.37 – 10.167.127.3710.167.127.37
3910.167.127.38/3210.167.127.38 – 10.167.127.3810.167.127.38
4010.167.127.39/3210.167.127.39 – 10.167.127.3910.167.127.39
4110.167.127.40/3210.167.127.40 – 10.167.127.4010.167.127.40
4210.167.127.41/3210.167.127.41 – 10.167.127.4110.167.127.41
4310.167.127.42/3210.167.127.42 – 10.167.127.4210.167.127.42
4410.167.127.43/3210.167.127.43 – 10.167.127.4310.167.127.43
4510.167.127.44/3210.167.127.44 – 10.167.127.4410.167.127.44
4610.167.127.45/3210.167.127.45 – 10.167.127.4510.167.127.45
4710.167.127.46/3210.167.127.46 – 10.167.127.4610.167.127.46
4810.167.127.47/3210.167.127.47 – 10.167.127.4710.167.127.47
4910.167.127.48/3210.167.127.48 – 10.167.127.4810.167.127.48
5010.167.127.49/3210.167.127.49 – 10.167.127.4910.167.127.49
5110.167.127.50/3210.167.127.50 – 10.167.127.5010.167.127.50
5210.167.127.51/3210.167.127.51 – 10.167.127.5110.167.127.51
5310.167.127.52/3210.167.127.52 – 10.167.127.5210.167.127.52
5410.167.127.53/3210.167.127.53 – 10.167.127.5310.167.127.53
5510.167.127.54/3210.167.127.54 – 10.167.127.5410.167.127.54
5610.167.127.55/3210.167.127.55 – 10.167.127.5510.167.127.55
5710.167.127.56/3210.167.127.56 – 10.167.127.5610.167.127.56
5810.167.127.57/3210.167.127.57 – 10.167.127.5710.167.127.57
5910.167.127.58/3210.167.127.58 – 10.167.127.5810.167.127.58
6010.167.127.59/3210.167.127.59 – 10.167.127.5910.167.127.59
6110.167.127.60/3210.167.127.60 – 10.167.127.6010.167.127.60
6210.167.127.61/3210.167.127.61 – 10.167.127.6110.167.127.61
6310.167.127.62/3210.167.127.62 – 10.167.127.6210.167.127.62
6410.167.127.63/3210.167.127.63 – 10.167.127.6310.167.127.63
6510.167.127.64/3210.167.127.64 – 10.167.127.6410.167.127.64
6610.167.127.65/3210.167.127.65 – 10.167.127.6510.167.127.65
6710.167.127.66/3210.167.127.66 – 10.167.127.6610.167.127.66
6810.167.127.67/3210.167.127.67 – 10.167.127.6710.167.127.67
6910.167.127.68/3210.167.127.68 – 10.167.127.6810.167.127.68
7010.167.127.69/3210.167.127.69 – 10.167.127.6910.167.127.69
7110.167.127.70/3210.167.127.70 – 10.167.127.7010.167.127.70
7210.167.127.71/3210.167.127.71 – 10.167.127.7110.167.127.71
7310.167.127.72/3210.167.127.72 – 10.167.127.7210.167.127.72
7410.167.127.73/3210.167.127.73 – 10.167.127.7310.167.127.73
7510.167.127.74/3210.167.127.74 – 10.167.127.7410.167.127.74
7610.167.127.75/3210.167.127.75 – 10.167.127.7510.167.127.75
7710.167.127.76/3210.167.127.76 – 10.167.127.7610.167.127.76
7810.167.127.77/3210.167.127.77 – 10.167.127.7710.167.127.77
7910.167.127.78/3210.167.127.78 – 10.167.127.7810.167.127.78
8010.167.127.79/3210.167.127.79 – 10.167.127.7910.167.127.79
8110.167.127.80/3210.167.127.80 – 10.167.127.8010.167.127.80
8210.167.127.81/3210.167.127.81 – 10.167.127.8110.167.127.81
8310.167.127.82/3210.167.127.82 – 10.167.127.8210.167.127.82
8410.167.127.83/3210.167.127.83 – 10.167.127.8310.167.127.83
8510.167.127.84/3210.167.127.84 – 10.167.127.8410.167.127.84
8610.167.127.85/3210.167.127.85 – 10.167.127.8510.167.127.85
8710.167.127.86/3210.167.127.86 – 10.167.127.8610.167.127.86
8810.167.127.87/3210.167.127.87 – 10.167.127.8710.167.127.87
8910.167.127.88/3210.167.127.88 – 10.167.127.8810.167.127.88
9010.167.127.89/3210.167.127.89 – 10.167.127.8910.167.127.89
9110.167.127.90/3210.167.127.90 – 10.167.127.9010.167.127.90
9210.167.127.91/3210.167.127.91 – 10.167.127.9110.167.127.91
9310.167.127.92/3210.167.127.92 – 10.167.127.9210.167.127.92
9410.167.127.93/3210.167.127.93 – 10.167.127.9310.167.127.93
9510.167.127.94/3210.167.127.94 – 10.167.127.9410.167.127.94
9610.167.127.95/3210.167.127.95 – 10.167.127.9510.167.127.95
9710.167.127.96/3210.167.127.96 – 10.167.127.9610.167.127.96
9810.167.127.97/3210.167.127.97 – 10.167.127.9710.167.127.97
9910.167.127.98/3210.167.127.98 – 10.167.127.9810.167.127.98
10010.167.127.99/3210.167.127.99 – 10.167.127.9910.167.127.99
10110.167.127.100/3210.167.127.100 – 10.167.127.10010.167.127.100
10210.167.127.101/3210.167.127.101 – 10.167.127.10110.167.127.101
10310.167.127.102/3210.167.127.102 – 10.167.127.10210.167.127.102
10410.167.127.103/3210.167.127.103 – 10.167.127.10310.167.127.103
10510.167.127.104/3210.167.127.104 – 10.167.127.10410.167.127.104
10610.167.127.105/3210.167.127.105 – 10.167.127.10510.167.127.105
10710.167.127.106/3210.167.127.106 – 10.167.127.10610.167.127.106
10810.167.127.107/3210.167.127.107 – 10.167.127.10710.167.127.107
10910.167.127.108/3210.167.127.108 – 10.167.127.10810.167.127.108
11010.167.127.109/3210.167.127.109 – 10.167.127.10910.167.127.109
11110.167.127.110/3210.167.127.110 – 10.167.127.11010.167.127.110
11210.167.127.111/3210.167.127.111 – 10.167.127.11110.167.127.111
11310.167.127.112/3210.167.127.112 – 10.167.127.11210.167.127.112
11410.167.127.113/3210.167.127.113 – 10.167.127.11310.167.127.113
11510.167.127.114/3210.167.127.114 – 10.167.127.11410.167.127.114
11610.167.127.115/3210.167.127.115 – 10.167.127.11510.167.127.115
11710.167.127.116/3210.167.127.116 – 10.167.127.11610.167.127.116
11810.167.127.117/3210.167.127.117 – 10.167.127.11710.167.127.117
11910.167.127.118/3210.167.127.118 – 10.167.127.11810.167.127.118
12010.167.127.119/3210.167.127.119 – 10.167.127.11910.167.127.119
12110.167.127.120/3210.167.127.120 – 10.167.127.12010.167.127.120
12210.167.127.121/3210.167.127.121 – 10.167.127.12110.167.127.121
12310.167.127.122/3210.167.127.122 – 10.167.127.12210.167.127.122
12410.167.127.123/3210.167.127.123 – 10.167.127.12310.167.127.123
12510.167.127.124/3210.167.127.124 – 10.167.127.12410.167.127.124
12610.167.127.125/3210.167.127.125 – 10.167.127.12510.167.127.125
12710.167.127.126/3210.167.127.126 – 10.167.127.12610.167.127.126
12810.167.127.127/3210.167.127.127 – 10.167.127.12710.167.127.127
12910.167.127.128/3210.167.127.128 – 10.167.127.12810.167.127.128
13010.167.127.129/3210.167.127.129 – 10.167.127.12910.167.127.129
13110.167.127.130/3210.167.127.130 – 10.167.127.13010.167.127.130
13210.167.127.131/3210.167.127.131 – 10.167.127.13110.167.127.131
13310.167.127.132/3210.167.127.132 – 10.167.127.13210.167.127.132
13410.167.127.133/3210.167.127.133 – 10.167.127.13310.167.127.133
13510.167.127.134/3210.167.127.134 – 10.167.127.13410.167.127.134
13610.167.127.135/3210.167.127.135 – 10.167.127.13510.167.127.135
13710.167.127.136/3210.167.127.136 – 10.167.127.13610.167.127.136
13810.167.127.137/3210.167.127.137 – 10.167.127.13710.167.127.137
13910.167.127.138/3210.167.127.138 – 10.167.127.13810.167.127.138
14010.167.127.139/3210.167.127.139 – 10.167.127.13910.167.127.139
14110.167.127.140/3210.167.127.140 – 10.167.127.14010.167.127.140
14210.167.127.141/3210.167.127.141 – 10.167.127.14110.167.127.141
14310.167.127.142/3210.167.127.142 – 10.167.127.14210.167.127.142
14410.167.127.143/3210.167.127.143 – 10.167.127.14310.167.127.143
14510.167.127.144/3210.167.127.144 – 10.167.127.14410.167.127.144
14610.167.127.145/3210.167.127.145 – 10.167.127.14510.167.127.145
14710.167.127.146/3210.167.127.146 – 10.167.127.14610.167.127.146
14810.167.127.147/3210.167.127.147 – 10.167.127.14710.167.127.147
14910.167.127.148/3210.167.127.148 – 10.167.127.14810.167.127.148
15010.167.127.149/3210.167.127.149 – 10.167.127.14910.167.127.149
15110.167.127.150/3210.167.127.150 – 10.167.127.15010.167.127.150
15210.167.127.151/3210.167.127.151 – 10.167.127.15110.167.127.151
15310.167.127.152/3210.167.127.152 – 10.167.127.15210.167.127.152
15410.167.127.153/3210.167.127.153 – 10.167.127.15310.167.127.153
15510.167.127.154/3210.167.127.154 – 10.167.127.15410.167.127.154
15610.167.127.155/3210.167.127.155 – 10.167.127.15510.167.127.155
15710.167.127.156/3210.167.127.156 – 10.167.127.15610.167.127.156
15810.167.127.157/3210.167.127.157 – 10.167.127.15710.167.127.157
15910.167.127.158/3210.167.127.158 – 10.167.127.15810.167.127.158
16010.167.127.159/3210.167.127.159 – 10.167.127.15910.167.127.159
16110.167.127.160/3210.167.127.160 – 10.167.127.16010.167.127.160
16210.167.127.161/3210.167.127.161 – 10.167.127.16110.167.127.161
16310.167.127.162/3210.167.127.162 – 10.167.127.16210.167.127.162
16410.167.127.163/3210.167.127.163 – 10.167.127.16310.167.127.163
16510.167.127.164/3210.167.127.164 – 10.167.127.16410.167.127.164
16610.167.127.165/3210.167.127.165 – 10.167.127.16510.167.127.165
16710.167.127.166/3210.167.127.166 – 10.167.127.16610.167.127.166
16810.167.127.167/3210.167.127.167 – 10.167.127.16710.167.127.167
16910.167.127.168/3210.167.127.168 – 10.167.127.16810.167.127.168
17010.167.127.169/3210.167.127.169 – 10.167.127.16910.167.127.169
17110.167.127.170/3210.167.127.170 – 10.167.127.17010.167.127.170
17210.167.127.171/3210.167.127.171 – 10.167.127.17110.167.127.171
17310.167.127.172/3210.167.127.172 – 10.167.127.17210.167.127.172
17410.167.127.173/3210.167.127.173 – 10.167.127.17310.167.127.173
17510.167.127.174/3210.167.127.174 – 10.167.127.17410.167.127.174
17610.167.127.175/3210.167.127.175 – 10.167.127.17510.167.127.175
17710.167.127.176/3210.167.127.176 – 10.167.127.17610.167.127.176
17810.167.127.177/3210.167.127.177 – 10.167.127.17710.167.127.177
17910.167.127.178/3210.167.127.178 – 10.167.127.17810.167.127.178
18010.167.127.179/3210.167.127.179 – 10.167.127.17910.167.127.179
18110.167.127.180/3210.167.127.180 – 10.167.127.18010.167.127.180
18210.167.127.181/3210.167.127.181 – 10.167.127.18110.167.127.181
18310.167.127.182/3210.167.127.182 – 10.167.127.18210.167.127.182
18410.167.127.183/3210.167.127.183 – 10.167.127.18310.167.127.183
18510.167.127.184/3210.167.127.184 – 10.167.127.18410.167.127.184
18610.167.127.185/3210.167.127.185 – 10.167.127.18510.167.127.185
18710.167.127.186/3210.167.127.186 – 10.167.127.18610.167.127.186
18810.167.127.187/3210.167.127.187 – 10.167.127.18710.167.127.187
18910.167.127.188/3210.167.127.188 – 10.167.127.18810.167.127.188
19010.167.127.189/3210.167.127.189 – 10.167.127.18910.167.127.189
19110.167.127.190/3210.167.127.190 – 10.167.127.19010.167.127.190
19210.167.127.191/3210.167.127.191 – 10.167.127.19110.167.127.191
19310.167.127.192/3210.167.127.192 – 10.167.127.19210.167.127.192
19410.167.127.193/3210.167.127.193 – 10.167.127.19310.167.127.193
19510.167.127.194/3210.167.127.194 – 10.167.127.19410.167.127.194
19610.167.127.195/3210.167.127.195 – 10.167.127.19510.167.127.195
19710.167.127.196/3210.167.127.196 – 10.167.127.19610.167.127.196
19810.167.127.197/3210.167.127.197 – 10.167.127.19710.167.127.197
19910.167.127.198/3210.167.127.198 – 10.167.127.19810.167.127.198
20010.167.127.199/3210.167.127.199 – 10.167.127.19910.167.127.199
20110.167.127.200/3210.167.127.200 – 10.167.127.20010.167.127.200
20210.167.127.201/3210.167.127.201 – 10.167.127.20110.167.127.201
20310.167.127.202/3210.167.127.202 – 10.167.127.20210.167.127.202
20410.167.127.203/3210.167.127.203 – 10.167.127.20310.167.127.203
20510.167.127.204/3210.167.127.204 – 10.167.127.20410.167.127.204
20610.167.127.205/3210.167.127.205 – 10.167.127.20510.167.127.205
20710.167.127.206/3210.167.127.206 – 10.167.127.20610.167.127.206
20810.167.127.207/3210.167.127.207 – 10.167.127.20710.167.127.207
20910.167.127.208/3210.167.127.208 – 10.167.127.20810.167.127.208
21010.167.127.209/3210.167.127.209 – 10.167.127.20910.167.127.209
21110.167.127.210/3210.167.127.210 – 10.167.127.21010.167.127.210
21210.167.127.211/3210.167.127.211 – 10.167.127.21110.167.127.211
21310.167.127.212/3210.167.127.212 – 10.167.127.21210.167.127.212
21410.167.127.213/3210.167.127.213 – 10.167.127.21310.167.127.213
21510.167.127.214/3210.167.127.214 – 10.167.127.21410.167.127.214
21610.167.127.215/3210.167.127.215 – 10.167.127.21510.167.127.215
21710.167.127.216/3210.167.127.216 – 10.167.127.21610.167.127.216
21810.167.127.217/3210.167.127.217 – 10.167.127.21710.167.127.217
21910.167.127.218/3210.167.127.218 – 10.167.127.21810.167.127.218
22010.167.127.219/3210.167.127.219 – 10.167.127.21910.167.127.219
22110.167.127.220/3210.167.127.220 – 10.167.127.22010.167.127.220
22210.167.127.221/3210.167.127.221 – 10.167.127.22110.167.127.221
22310.167.127.222/3210.167.127.222 – 10.167.127.22210.167.127.222
22410.167.127.223/3210.167.127.223 – 10.167.127.22310.167.127.223
22510.167.127.224/3210.167.127.224 – 10.167.127.22410.167.127.224
22610.167.127.225/3210.167.127.225 – 10.167.127.22510.167.127.225
22710.167.127.226/3210.167.127.226 – 10.167.127.22610.167.127.226
22810.167.127.227/3210.167.127.227 – 10.167.127.22710.167.127.227
22910.167.127.228/3210.167.127.228 – 10.167.127.22810.167.127.228
23010.167.127.229/3210.167.127.229 – 10.167.127.22910.167.127.229
23110.167.127.230/3210.167.127.230 – 10.167.127.23010.167.127.230
23210.167.127.231/3210.167.127.231 – 10.167.127.23110.167.127.231
23310.167.127.232/3210.167.127.232 – 10.167.127.23210.167.127.232
23410.167.127.233/3210.167.127.233 – 10.167.127.23310.167.127.233
23510.167.127.234/3210.167.127.234 – 10.167.127.23410.167.127.234
23610.167.127.235/3210.167.127.235 – 10.167.127.23510.167.127.235
23710.167.127.236/3210.167.127.236 – 10.167.127.23610.167.127.236
23810.167.127.237/3210.167.127.237 – 10.167.127.23710.167.127.237
23910.167.127.238/3210.167.127.238 – 10.167.127.23810.167.127.238
24010.167.127.239/3210.167.127.239 – 10.167.127.23910.167.127.239
24110.167.127.240/3210.167.127.240 – 10.167.127.24010.167.127.240
24210.167.127.241/3210.167.127.241 – 10.167.127.24110.167.127.241
24310.167.127.242/3210.167.127.242 – 10.167.127.24210.167.127.242
24410.167.127.243/3210.167.127.243 – 10.167.127.24310.167.127.243
24510.167.127.244/3210.167.127.244 – 10.167.127.24410.167.127.244
24610.167.127.245/3210.167.127.245 – 10.167.127.24510.167.127.245
24710.167.127.246/3210.167.127.246 – 10.167.127.24610.167.127.246
24810.167.127.247/3210.167.127.247 – 10.167.127.24710.167.127.247
24910.167.127.248/3210.167.127.248 – 10.167.127.24810.167.127.248
25010.167.127.249/3210.167.127.249 – 10.167.127.24910.167.127.249
25110.167.127.250/3210.167.127.250 – 10.167.127.25010.167.127.250
25210.167.127.251/3210.167.127.251 – 10.167.127.25110.167.127.251
25310.167.127.252/3210.167.127.252 – 10.167.127.25210.167.127.252
25410.167.127.253/3210.167.127.253 – 10.167.127.25310.167.127.253
25510.167.127.254/3210.167.127.254 – 10.167.127.25410.167.127.254
25610.167.127.255/3210.167.127.255 – 10.167.127.25510.167.127.255
01 / table

IPv4 CIDR prefix table.

Click a prefix longer than your network to split it into subnets.

prefixsubnet maskaddresseshostsin your /24
/00.0.0.04,294,967,2964,294,967,294-
/1128.0.0.02,147,483,6482,147,483,646-
/2192.0.0.01,073,741,8241,073,741,822-
/3224.0.0.0536,870,912536,870,910-
/4240.0.0.0268,435,456268,435,454-
/5248.0.0.0134,217,728134,217,726-
/6252.0.0.067,108,86467,108,862-
/7254.0.0.033,554,43233,554,430-
/8255.0.0.016,777,21616,777,214-
/9255.128.0.08,388,6088,388,606-
/10255.192.0.04,194,3044,194,302-
/11255.224.0.02,097,1522,097,150-
/12255.240.0.01,048,5761,048,574-
/13255.248.0.0524,288524,286-
/14255.252.0.0262,144262,142-
/15255.254.0.0131,072131,070-
/16255.255.0.065,53665,534-
/17255.255.128.032,76832,766-
/18255.255.192.016,38416,382-
/19255.255.224.08,1928,190-
/20255.255.240.04,0964,094-
/21255.255.248.02,0482,046-
/22255.255.252.01,0241,022-
/23255.255.254.0512510-
/24255.255.255.02562541
/25255.255.255.1281281262 split →
/26255.255.255.19264624 split →
/27255.255.255.22432308 split →
/28255.255.255.240161416 split →
/29255.255.255.2488632 split →
/30255.255.255.2524264 split →
/31255.255.255.25422128 split →
/32255.255.255.25511256 split →
02 / faq

About this calculator.

How do I use this subnet calculator?

▼

Type an IP address followed by a prefix, like 192.168.1.10/24, or by a subnet mask, like 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0. Without a prefix it uses /24. Click a row in the table to split the network into smaller subnets.

Why are usable hosts always 2 fewer?

▼

The first address in a subnet is the network address and the last is the broadcast address, so neither can go to a device. The exceptions are /31 (point-to-point links, RFC 3021) and /32 (a single address), which use every address.

Can I use it from a terminal?

▼

Yes. curl 'ipku.in/en/tools/ipv4-subnet-calculator?q=192.168.1.10/24' returns the result as plain text.

Learn how to work it out →