ip
ipku.in

IPv4 Subnet Calculator

Enter an IP with a CIDR prefix or a subnet mask to see its network, broadcast, host range, and host count. You can also split the network into smaller subnets.

$ ipcalc
private IP (RFC 1918)10.166.166.0/23
network10.166.166.0/23
broadcast10.166.167.255
first host10.166.166.1
last host10.166.167.254
subnet mask255.255.254.0
wildcard0.0.1.255
addresses512
usable hosts510
classA
ipcalc 10.166.166.0/23
address00001010.10100110.10100110.00000000
subnet mask11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000
network00001010.10100110.10100110.00000000
broadcast00001010.10100110.10100111.11111111
green = network part, grey = host part
hex0x0aa6a600
decimal178693632
reverse dns0.166.166.10.in-addr.arpa
ipv4-mapped::ffff:aa6:a600

/23 split into /31 · 256 subnets

close ×
#networkhost rangebroadcast
110.166.166.0/3110.166.166.0 – 10.166.166.110.166.166.1
210.166.166.2/3110.166.166.2 – 10.166.166.310.166.166.3
310.166.166.4/3110.166.166.4 – 10.166.166.510.166.166.5
410.166.166.6/3110.166.166.6 – 10.166.166.710.166.166.7
510.166.166.8/3110.166.166.8 – 10.166.166.910.166.166.9
610.166.166.10/3110.166.166.10 – 10.166.166.1110.166.166.11
710.166.166.12/3110.166.166.12 – 10.166.166.1310.166.166.13
810.166.166.14/3110.166.166.14 – 10.166.166.1510.166.166.15
910.166.166.16/3110.166.166.16 – 10.166.166.1710.166.166.17
1010.166.166.18/3110.166.166.18 – 10.166.166.1910.166.166.19
1110.166.166.20/3110.166.166.20 – 10.166.166.2110.166.166.21
1210.166.166.22/3110.166.166.22 – 10.166.166.2310.166.166.23
1310.166.166.24/3110.166.166.24 – 10.166.166.2510.166.166.25
1410.166.166.26/3110.166.166.26 – 10.166.166.2710.166.166.27
1510.166.166.28/3110.166.166.28 – 10.166.166.2910.166.166.29
1610.166.166.30/3110.166.166.30 – 10.166.166.3110.166.166.31
1710.166.166.32/3110.166.166.32 – 10.166.166.3310.166.166.33
1810.166.166.34/3110.166.166.34 – 10.166.166.3510.166.166.35
1910.166.166.36/3110.166.166.36 – 10.166.166.3710.166.166.37
2010.166.166.38/3110.166.166.38 – 10.166.166.3910.166.166.39
2110.166.166.40/3110.166.166.40 – 10.166.166.4110.166.166.41
2210.166.166.42/3110.166.166.42 – 10.166.166.4310.166.166.43
2310.166.166.44/3110.166.166.44 – 10.166.166.4510.166.166.45
2410.166.166.46/3110.166.166.46 – 10.166.166.4710.166.166.47
2510.166.166.48/3110.166.166.48 – 10.166.166.4910.166.166.49
2610.166.166.50/3110.166.166.50 – 10.166.166.5110.166.166.51
2710.166.166.52/3110.166.166.52 – 10.166.166.5310.166.166.53
2810.166.166.54/3110.166.166.54 – 10.166.166.5510.166.166.55
2910.166.166.56/3110.166.166.56 – 10.166.166.5710.166.166.57
3010.166.166.58/3110.166.166.58 – 10.166.166.5910.166.166.59
3110.166.166.60/3110.166.166.60 – 10.166.166.6110.166.166.61
3210.166.166.62/3110.166.166.62 – 10.166.166.6310.166.166.63
3310.166.166.64/3110.166.166.64 – 10.166.166.6510.166.166.65
3410.166.166.66/3110.166.166.66 – 10.166.166.6710.166.166.67
3510.166.166.68/3110.166.166.68 – 10.166.166.6910.166.166.69
3610.166.166.70/3110.166.166.70 – 10.166.166.7110.166.166.71
3710.166.166.72/3110.166.166.72 – 10.166.166.7310.166.166.73
3810.166.166.74/3110.166.166.74 – 10.166.166.7510.166.166.75
3910.166.166.76/3110.166.166.76 – 10.166.166.7710.166.166.77
4010.166.166.78/3110.166.166.78 – 10.166.166.7910.166.166.79
4110.166.166.80/3110.166.166.80 – 10.166.166.8110.166.166.81
4210.166.166.82/3110.166.166.82 – 10.166.166.8310.166.166.83
4310.166.166.84/3110.166.166.84 – 10.166.166.8510.166.166.85
4410.166.166.86/3110.166.166.86 – 10.166.166.8710.166.166.87
4510.166.166.88/3110.166.166.88 – 10.166.166.8910.166.166.89
4610.166.166.90/3110.166.166.90 – 10.166.166.9110.166.166.91
4710.166.166.92/3110.166.166.92 – 10.166.166.9310.166.166.93
4810.166.166.94/3110.166.166.94 – 10.166.166.9510.166.166.95
4910.166.166.96/3110.166.166.96 – 10.166.166.9710.166.166.97
5010.166.166.98/3110.166.166.98 – 10.166.166.9910.166.166.99
5110.166.166.100/3110.166.166.100 – 10.166.166.10110.166.166.101
5210.166.166.102/3110.166.166.102 – 10.166.166.10310.166.166.103
5310.166.166.104/3110.166.166.104 – 10.166.166.10510.166.166.105
5410.166.166.106/3110.166.166.106 – 10.166.166.10710.166.166.107
5510.166.166.108/3110.166.166.108 – 10.166.166.10910.166.166.109
5610.166.166.110/3110.166.166.110 – 10.166.166.11110.166.166.111
5710.166.166.112/3110.166.166.112 – 10.166.166.11310.166.166.113
5810.166.166.114/3110.166.166.114 – 10.166.166.11510.166.166.115
5910.166.166.116/3110.166.166.116 – 10.166.166.11710.166.166.117
6010.166.166.118/3110.166.166.118 – 10.166.166.11910.166.166.119
6110.166.166.120/3110.166.166.120 – 10.166.166.12110.166.166.121
6210.166.166.122/3110.166.166.122 – 10.166.166.12310.166.166.123
6310.166.166.124/3110.166.166.124 – 10.166.166.12510.166.166.125
6410.166.166.126/3110.166.166.126 – 10.166.166.12710.166.166.127
6510.166.166.128/3110.166.166.128 – 10.166.166.12910.166.166.129
6610.166.166.130/3110.166.166.130 – 10.166.166.13110.166.166.131
6710.166.166.132/3110.166.166.132 – 10.166.166.13310.166.166.133
6810.166.166.134/3110.166.166.134 – 10.166.166.13510.166.166.135
6910.166.166.136/3110.166.166.136 – 10.166.166.13710.166.166.137
7010.166.166.138/3110.166.166.138 – 10.166.166.13910.166.166.139
7110.166.166.140/3110.166.166.140 – 10.166.166.14110.166.166.141
7210.166.166.142/3110.166.166.142 – 10.166.166.14310.166.166.143
7310.166.166.144/3110.166.166.144 – 10.166.166.14510.166.166.145
7410.166.166.146/3110.166.166.146 – 10.166.166.14710.166.166.147
7510.166.166.148/3110.166.166.148 – 10.166.166.14910.166.166.149
7610.166.166.150/3110.166.166.150 – 10.166.166.15110.166.166.151
7710.166.166.152/3110.166.166.152 – 10.166.166.15310.166.166.153
7810.166.166.154/3110.166.166.154 – 10.166.166.15510.166.166.155
7910.166.166.156/3110.166.166.156 – 10.166.166.15710.166.166.157
8010.166.166.158/3110.166.166.158 – 10.166.166.15910.166.166.159
8110.166.166.160/3110.166.166.160 – 10.166.166.16110.166.166.161
8210.166.166.162/3110.166.166.162 – 10.166.166.16310.166.166.163
8310.166.166.164/3110.166.166.164 – 10.166.166.16510.166.166.165
8410.166.166.166/3110.166.166.166 – 10.166.166.16710.166.166.167
8510.166.166.168/3110.166.166.168 – 10.166.166.16910.166.166.169
8610.166.166.170/3110.166.166.170 – 10.166.166.17110.166.166.171
8710.166.166.172/3110.166.166.172 – 10.166.166.17310.166.166.173
8810.166.166.174/3110.166.166.174 – 10.166.166.17510.166.166.175
8910.166.166.176/3110.166.166.176 – 10.166.166.17710.166.166.177
9010.166.166.178/3110.166.166.178 – 10.166.166.17910.166.166.179
9110.166.166.180/3110.166.166.180 – 10.166.166.18110.166.166.181
9210.166.166.182/3110.166.166.182 – 10.166.166.18310.166.166.183
9310.166.166.184/3110.166.166.184 – 10.166.166.18510.166.166.185
9410.166.166.186/3110.166.166.186 – 10.166.166.18710.166.166.187
9510.166.166.188/3110.166.166.188 – 10.166.166.18910.166.166.189
9610.166.166.190/3110.166.166.190 – 10.166.166.19110.166.166.191
9710.166.166.192/3110.166.166.192 – 10.166.166.19310.166.166.193
9810.166.166.194/3110.166.166.194 – 10.166.166.19510.166.166.195
9910.166.166.196/3110.166.166.196 – 10.166.166.19710.166.166.197
10010.166.166.198/3110.166.166.198 – 10.166.166.19910.166.166.199
10110.166.166.200/3110.166.166.200 – 10.166.166.20110.166.166.201
10210.166.166.202/3110.166.166.202 – 10.166.166.20310.166.166.203
10310.166.166.204/3110.166.166.204 – 10.166.166.20510.166.166.205
10410.166.166.206/3110.166.166.206 – 10.166.166.20710.166.166.207
10510.166.166.208/3110.166.166.208 – 10.166.166.20910.166.166.209
10610.166.166.210/3110.166.166.210 – 10.166.166.21110.166.166.211
10710.166.166.212/3110.166.166.212 – 10.166.166.21310.166.166.213
10810.166.166.214/3110.166.166.214 – 10.166.166.21510.166.166.215
10910.166.166.216/3110.166.166.216 – 10.166.166.21710.166.166.217
11010.166.166.218/3110.166.166.218 – 10.166.166.21910.166.166.219
11110.166.166.220/3110.166.166.220 – 10.166.166.22110.166.166.221
11210.166.166.222/3110.166.166.222 – 10.166.166.22310.166.166.223
11310.166.166.224/3110.166.166.224 – 10.166.166.22510.166.166.225
11410.166.166.226/3110.166.166.226 – 10.166.166.22710.166.166.227
11510.166.166.228/3110.166.166.228 – 10.166.166.22910.166.166.229
11610.166.166.230/3110.166.166.230 – 10.166.166.23110.166.166.231
11710.166.166.232/3110.166.166.232 – 10.166.166.23310.166.166.233
11810.166.166.234/3110.166.166.234 – 10.166.166.23510.166.166.235
11910.166.166.236/3110.166.166.236 – 10.166.166.23710.166.166.237
12010.166.166.238/3110.166.166.238 – 10.166.166.23910.166.166.239
12110.166.166.240/3110.166.166.240 – 10.166.166.24110.166.166.241
12210.166.166.242/3110.166.166.242 – 10.166.166.24310.166.166.243
12310.166.166.244/3110.166.166.244 – 10.166.166.24510.166.166.245
12410.166.166.246/3110.166.166.246 – 10.166.166.24710.166.166.247
12510.166.166.248/3110.166.166.248 – 10.166.166.24910.166.166.249
12610.166.166.250/3110.166.166.250 – 10.166.166.25110.166.166.251
12710.166.166.252/3110.166.166.252 – 10.166.166.25310.166.166.253
12810.166.166.254/3110.166.166.254 – 10.166.166.25510.166.166.255
12910.166.167.0/3110.166.167.0 – 10.166.167.110.166.167.1
13010.166.167.2/3110.166.167.2 – 10.166.167.310.166.167.3
13110.166.167.4/3110.166.167.4 – 10.166.167.510.166.167.5
13210.166.167.6/3110.166.167.6 – 10.166.167.710.166.167.7
13310.166.167.8/3110.166.167.8 – 10.166.167.910.166.167.9
13410.166.167.10/3110.166.167.10 – 10.166.167.1110.166.167.11
13510.166.167.12/3110.166.167.12 – 10.166.167.1310.166.167.13
13610.166.167.14/3110.166.167.14 – 10.166.167.1510.166.167.15
13710.166.167.16/3110.166.167.16 – 10.166.167.1710.166.167.17
13810.166.167.18/3110.166.167.18 – 10.166.167.1910.166.167.19
13910.166.167.20/3110.166.167.20 – 10.166.167.2110.166.167.21
14010.166.167.22/3110.166.167.22 – 10.166.167.2310.166.167.23
14110.166.167.24/3110.166.167.24 – 10.166.167.2510.166.167.25
14210.166.167.26/3110.166.167.26 – 10.166.167.2710.166.167.27
14310.166.167.28/3110.166.167.28 – 10.166.167.2910.166.167.29
14410.166.167.30/3110.166.167.30 – 10.166.167.3110.166.167.31
14510.166.167.32/3110.166.167.32 – 10.166.167.3310.166.167.33
14610.166.167.34/3110.166.167.34 – 10.166.167.3510.166.167.35
14710.166.167.36/3110.166.167.36 – 10.166.167.3710.166.167.37
14810.166.167.38/3110.166.167.38 – 10.166.167.3910.166.167.39
14910.166.167.40/3110.166.167.40 – 10.166.167.4110.166.167.41
15010.166.167.42/3110.166.167.42 – 10.166.167.4310.166.167.43
15110.166.167.44/3110.166.167.44 – 10.166.167.4510.166.167.45
15210.166.167.46/3110.166.167.46 – 10.166.167.4710.166.167.47
15310.166.167.48/3110.166.167.48 – 10.166.167.4910.166.167.49
15410.166.167.50/3110.166.167.50 – 10.166.167.5110.166.167.51
15510.166.167.52/3110.166.167.52 – 10.166.167.5310.166.167.53
15610.166.167.54/3110.166.167.54 – 10.166.167.5510.166.167.55
15710.166.167.56/3110.166.167.56 – 10.166.167.5710.166.167.57
15810.166.167.58/3110.166.167.58 – 10.166.167.5910.166.167.59
15910.166.167.60/3110.166.167.60 – 10.166.167.6110.166.167.61
16010.166.167.62/3110.166.167.62 – 10.166.167.6310.166.167.63
16110.166.167.64/3110.166.167.64 – 10.166.167.6510.166.167.65
16210.166.167.66/3110.166.167.66 – 10.166.167.6710.166.167.67
16310.166.167.68/3110.166.167.68 – 10.166.167.6910.166.167.69
16410.166.167.70/3110.166.167.70 – 10.166.167.7110.166.167.71
16510.166.167.72/3110.166.167.72 – 10.166.167.7310.166.167.73
16610.166.167.74/3110.166.167.74 – 10.166.167.7510.166.167.75
16710.166.167.76/3110.166.167.76 – 10.166.167.7710.166.167.77
16810.166.167.78/3110.166.167.78 – 10.166.167.7910.166.167.79
16910.166.167.80/3110.166.167.80 – 10.166.167.8110.166.167.81
17010.166.167.82/3110.166.167.82 – 10.166.167.8310.166.167.83
17110.166.167.84/3110.166.167.84 – 10.166.167.8510.166.167.85
17210.166.167.86/3110.166.167.86 – 10.166.167.8710.166.167.87
17310.166.167.88/3110.166.167.88 – 10.166.167.8910.166.167.89
17410.166.167.90/3110.166.167.90 – 10.166.167.9110.166.167.91
17510.166.167.92/3110.166.167.92 – 10.166.167.9310.166.167.93
17610.166.167.94/3110.166.167.94 – 10.166.167.9510.166.167.95
17710.166.167.96/3110.166.167.96 – 10.166.167.9710.166.167.97
17810.166.167.98/3110.166.167.98 – 10.166.167.9910.166.167.99
17910.166.167.100/3110.166.167.100 – 10.166.167.10110.166.167.101
18010.166.167.102/3110.166.167.102 – 10.166.167.10310.166.167.103
18110.166.167.104/3110.166.167.104 – 10.166.167.10510.166.167.105
18210.166.167.106/3110.166.167.106 – 10.166.167.10710.166.167.107
18310.166.167.108/3110.166.167.108 – 10.166.167.10910.166.167.109
18410.166.167.110/3110.166.167.110 – 10.166.167.11110.166.167.111
18510.166.167.112/3110.166.167.112 – 10.166.167.11310.166.167.113
18610.166.167.114/3110.166.167.114 – 10.166.167.11510.166.167.115
18710.166.167.116/3110.166.167.116 – 10.166.167.11710.166.167.117
18810.166.167.118/3110.166.167.118 – 10.166.167.11910.166.167.119
18910.166.167.120/3110.166.167.120 – 10.166.167.12110.166.167.121
19010.166.167.122/3110.166.167.122 – 10.166.167.12310.166.167.123
19110.166.167.124/3110.166.167.124 – 10.166.167.12510.166.167.125
19210.166.167.126/3110.166.167.126 – 10.166.167.12710.166.167.127
19310.166.167.128/3110.166.167.128 – 10.166.167.12910.166.167.129
19410.166.167.130/3110.166.167.130 – 10.166.167.13110.166.167.131
19510.166.167.132/3110.166.167.132 – 10.166.167.13310.166.167.133
19610.166.167.134/3110.166.167.134 – 10.166.167.13510.166.167.135
19710.166.167.136/3110.166.167.136 – 10.166.167.13710.166.167.137
19810.166.167.138/3110.166.167.138 – 10.166.167.13910.166.167.139
19910.166.167.140/3110.166.167.140 – 10.166.167.14110.166.167.141
20010.166.167.142/3110.166.167.142 – 10.166.167.14310.166.167.143
20110.166.167.144/3110.166.167.144 – 10.166.167.14510.166.167.145
20210.166.167.146/3110.166.167.146 – 10.166.167.14710.166.167.147
20310.166.167.148/3110.166.167.148 – 10.166.167.14910.166.167.149
20410.166.167.150/3110.166.167.150 – 10.166.167.15110.166.167.151
20510.166.167.152/3110.166.167.152 – 10.166.167.15310.166.167.153
20610.166.167.154/3110.166.167.154 – 10.166.167.15510.166.167.155
20710.166.167.156/3110.166.167.156 – 10.166.167.15710.166.167.157
20810.166.167.158/3110.166.167.158 – 10.166.167.15910.166.167.159
20910.166.167.160/3110.166.167.160 – 10.166.167.16110.166.167.161
21010.166.167.162/3110.166.167.162 – 10.166.167.16310.166.167.163
21110.166.167.164/3110.166.167.164 – 10.166.167.16510.166.167.165
21210.166.167.166/3110.166.167.166 – 10.166.167.16710.166.167.167
21310.166.167.168/3110.166.167.168 – 10.166.167.16910.166.167.169
21410.166.167.170/3110.166.167.170 – 10.166.167.17110.166.167.171
21510.166.167.172/3110.166.167.172 – 10.166.167.17310.166.167.173
21610.166.167.174/3110.166.167.174 – 10.166.167.17510.166.167.175
21710.166.167.176/3110.166.167.176 – 10.166.167.17710.166.167.177
21810.166.167.178/3110.166.167.178 – 10.166.167.17910.166.167.179
21910.166.167.180/3110.166.167.180 – 10.166.167.18110.166.167.181
22010.166.167.182/3110.166.167.182 – 10.166.167.18310.166.167.183
22110.166.167.184/3110.166.167.184 – 10.166.167.18510.166.167.185
22210.166.167.186/3110.166.167.186 – 10.166.167.18710.166.167.187
22310.166.167.188/3110.166.167.188 – 10.166.167.18910.166.167.189
22410.166.167.190/3110.166.167.190 – 10.166.167.19110.166.167.191
22510.166.167.192/3110.166.167.192 – 10.166.167.19310.166.167.193
22610.166.167.194/3110.166.167.194 – 10.166.167.19510.166.167.195
22710.166.167.196/3110.166.167.196 – 10.166.167.19710.166.167.197
22810.166.167.198/3110.166.167.198 – 10.166.167.19910.166.167.199
22910.166.167.200/3110.166.167.200 – 10.166.167.20110.166.167.201
23010.166.167.202/3110.166.167.202 – 10.166.167.20310.166.167.203
23110.166.167.204/3110.166.167.204 – 10.166.167.20510.166.167.205
23210.166.167.206/3110.166.167.206 – 10.166.167.20710.166.167.207
23310.166.167.208/3110.166.167.208 – 10.166.167.20910.166.167.209
23410.166.167.210/3110.166.167.210 – 10.166.167.21110.166.167.211
23510.166.167.212/3110.166.167.212 – 10.166.167.21310.166.167.213
23610.166.167.214/3110.166.167.214 – 10.166.167.21510.166.167.215
23710.166.167.216/3110.166.167.216 – 10.166.167.21710.166.167.217
23810.166.167.218/3110.166.167.218 – 10.166.167.21910.166.167.219
23910.166.167.220/3110.166.167.220 – 10.166.167.22110.166.167.221
24010.166.167.222/3110.166.167.222 – 10.166.167.22310.166.167.223
24110.166.167.224/3110.166.167.224 – 10.166.167.22510.166.167.225
24210.166.167.226/3110.166.167.226 – 10.166.167.22710.166.167.227
24310.166.167.228/3110.166.167.228 – 10.166.167.22910.166.167.229
24410.166.167.230/3110.166.167.230 – 10.166.167.23110.166.167.231
24510.166.167.232/3110.166.167.232 – 10.166.167.23310.166.167.233
24610.166.167.234/3110.166.167.234 – 10.166.167.23510.166.167.235
24710.166.167.236/3110.166.167.236 – 10.166.167.23710.166.167.237
24810.166.167.238/3110.166.167.238 – 10.166.167.23910.166.167.239
24910.166.167.240/3110.166.167.240 – 10.166.167.24110.166.167.241
25010.166.167.242/3110.166.167.242 – 10.166.167.24310.166.167.243
25110.166.167.244/3110.166.167.244 – 10.166.167.24510.166.167.245
25210.166.167.246/3110.166.167.246 – 10.166.167.24710.166.167.247
25310.166.167.248/3110.166.167.248 – 10.166.167.24910.166.167.249
25410.166.167.250/3110.166.167.250 – 10.166.167.25110.166.167.251
25510.166.167.252/3110.166.167.252 – 10.166.167.25310.166.167.253
25610.166.167.254/3110.166.167.254 – 10.166.167.25510.166.167.255
01 / table

IPv4 CIDR prefix table.

Click a prefix longer than your network to split it into subnets.

prefixsubnet maskaddresseshostsin your /23
/00.0.0.04,294,967,2964,294,967,294-
/1128.0.0.02,147,483,6482,147,483,646-
/2192.0.0.01,073,741,8241,073,741,822-
/3224.0.0.0536,870,912536,870,910-
/4240.0.0.0268,435,456268,435,454-
/5248.0.0.0134,217,728134,217,726-
/6252.0.0.067,108,86467,108,862-
/7254.0.0.033,554,43233,554,430-
/8255.0.0.016,777,21616,777,214-
/9255.128.0.08,388,6088,388,606-
/10255.192.0.04,194,3044,194,302-
/11255.224.0.02,097,1522,097,150-
/12255.240.0.01,048,5761,048,574-
/13255.248.0.0524,288524,286-
/14255.252.0.0262,144262,142-
/15255.254.0.0131,072131,070-
/16255.255.0.065,53665,534-
/17255.255.128.032,76832,766-
/18255.255.192.016,38416,382-
/19255.255.224.08,1928,190-
/20255.255.240.04,0964,094-
/21255.255.248.02,0482,046-
/22255.255.252.01,0241,022-
/23255.255.254.05125101
/24255.255.255.02562542 split →
/25255.255.255.1281281264 split →
/26255.255.255.19264628 split →
/27255.255.255.224323016 split →
/28255.255.255.240161432 split →
/29255.255.255.2488664 split →
/30255.255.255.25242128 split →
/31255.255.255.25422256 split →
/32255.255.255.25511512 split →
02 / faq

About this calculator.

How do I use this subnet calculator?

▼

Type an IP address followed by a prefix, like 192.168.1.10/24, or by a subnet mask, like 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0. Without a prefix it uses /24. Click a row in the table to split the network into smaller subnets.

Why are usable hosts always 2 fewer?

▼

The first address in a subnet is the network address and the last is the broadcast address, so neither can go to a device. The exceptions are /31 (point-to-point links, RFC 3021) and /32 (a single address), which use every address.

Can I use it from a terminal?

▼

Yes. curl 'ipku.in/en/tools/ipv4-subnet-calculator?q=192.168.1.10/24' returns the result as plain text.

Learn how to work it out →